Human Immunology News Volume 9.27 | Jul 13 2021

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    2021-07-13 | HIN 9.27


    Human Immunology News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 9.27 – 13 July, 2021
    TOP STORY

    Genome-Scale Screens Identify Factors Regulating Tumor Cell Responses to Natural Killer Cells

    Researchers quantified the NK cell responsiveness of hundreds of molecularly annotated ‘DNA-barcoded’ solid tumor cell lines in multiplexed format and applied genome-scale CRISPR-based gene-editing screens in several solid tumor cell lines, to functionally interrogate which genes in tumor cells regulated the response to NK cells.
    [Nature Genetics]

    Abstract

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    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    T-Cell-Derived Nanovesicles for Cancer Immunotherapy

    T-cell-derived nanovesicles produced by the serial extrusion of cytotoxic T cells through membranes with micro-/nanosized pores that inhibited T-cell exhaustion and exhibited antitumoral activity maintained in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment were presented.
    [Advanced Materials]

    Abstract

    The Alternative RelB NF-κB Subunit Is a Novel Critical Player in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

    The authors revealed a frequent activation of RelB in a large cohort of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients and cell lines, independently of their ABC or GCB subtypes.
    [Blood]

    Abstract

    Multimodal Single-Cell Analysis of Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma Reveals Distinct Sub-Clonal Tissue-Dependent Signatures

    To identify and interrogate malignant clones in matched skin and blood from leukemic MF and SS patients, scientists combined T cell receptor clonotyping, with quantification of gene expression and cell surface markers at the single cell level.
    [Blood]

    Abstract

    Down-Regulation of A20 Promotes Immune Escape of Lung Adenocarcinomas

    Researchers observed that tumor cell intrinsic loss of A20 markedly enhanced lung tumorigenesis and was associated with reduced CD8+ T cell–mediated immune surveillance in patients with lung cancer and in mouse models.
    [Science Translational Medicine]

    Abstract

    BTN2A1, an Immune Checkpoint Targeting Vγ9Vδ2 T Cell Cytotoxicity against Malignant Cells

    Scientists showed that butyrophilin 2A1 (BTN2A1) was required for BTN3A-mediated Vγ9Vδ2 T cell cytotoxicity against cancer cells, and that expression of the BTN2A1/BTN3A1 complex was sufficient to trigger Vγ9Vδ2 TCR activation.
    [Cell Reports]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Mechanistic Basis for Chromosomal Translocations at the E2A Gene and Its Broader Relevance to Human B Cell Malignancies

    Researchers demonstrated the single-stranded DNA state in the 23 bp E2A fragile zone using several methods, including native bisulfite DNA structural analysis in live human pre-B cells.
    [Cell Reports]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Exosomes Mediate LTB4 Release during Neutrophil Chemotaxis

    Investigators showed that LTB4 and its synthesizing enzymes localize to intracellular multivesicular bodies, which, upon stimulation, released their content as exosomes.
    [PLOS Biology]

    Full Article

    Negative Trade-Off between Neoantigen Repertoire Breadth and the Specificity of HLA-I Molecules Shapes Antitumor Immunity

    Scientists quantified peptide repertoire breadth of a representative set of human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) alleles and found that patients with cancer who were carrying HLA-I alleles with high peptide-binding promiscuity had significantly worse prognosis after immune checkpoint inhibition.
    [Nature Cancer]

    Abstract


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    REVIEWS

    Role of B Cells in Responses to Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy and Overall Survival of Cancer Patients

    The authors review the known functions of B-cells in the tumor microenvironment, the contribution of B-cells to the anti-tumor activity of immunotherapies, and the role of B-cells in the overall survival of cancer patients.
    [Clinical Cancer Research]

    Abstract

    A Regenerative Perspective on Successful and Failed T-Cell Immunity

    Nomenclature reflecting the mutually opposing nature of T-cell self-renewal and T-cell differentiation would help synchronize phenomena such as T-cell memory, protective immunity, and T-cell exhaustion with other regenerative paradigms, as well as offer new strategies to influence the intensity and duration of immunity.
    [Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology]

    Abstract

    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Alector and GSK Announce Global Collaboration in Immuno-Neurology for Two Clinical Stage First-in-Class Monoclonal Antibodies for Neurodegenerative Diseases

    Alector, Inc. and GlaxoSmithKline plc announced a strategic global collaboration for the development and commercialization of two clinical-stage, potential first-in-class monoclonal antibodies designed to elevate progranulin levels.
    [Alector, Inc.]

    Press Release

    Maria Leptin Appointed President of European Research Council

    Developmental biologist and immunologist Maria Leptin will be the next president of the European Research Council (ERC), the ERC’s Scientific Council announced. Leptin will take over in October from Interim President Jean-Pierre Bourguignon, who has been leading the ERC since Mauro Ferrari resigned from the post in April 2020 after a dispute over how the organization should fund research on COVID-19.
    [The Scientist]

    Press Release

    FEATURED EVENT

    Brisbane Immunology Group Annual Retreat

    August 1 – 2, 2021
    Brisbane, Australia

    > See All Events

    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Research Assistant – Immunobiology of MSCs

    Mercer University – Savannah, Georgia, United States

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Immune Changes in Alzheimer’s Disease

    University of North Dakota – Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Tumorigenesis in Melanoma and Glioblastoma

    Medical College of Wisconsin – Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States

    PhD Students – Targeted Leukemia Prevention

    Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf – Düsseldorf, Germany

    Postdoctoral Position – Modeling Autism Spectrum Disorder

    Weill Cornell Medical College – New York, New York, United States

    > See All Jobs

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