Human Immunology News Volume 9.30 | Aug 3 2021

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    2021-08-03 | HIN 9.30


    Human Immunology News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 9.30 – 3 August, 2021
    TOP STORY

    Selective Activation of PFKL Suppresses the Phagocytic Oxidative Burst

    Researchers used two unbiased chemical proteomic strategies to show that small-molecule LDC7559, or a more potent designed analog NA-11, inhibited the NOX2-dependent oxidative burst in neutrophils by activating the glycolytic enzyme phosphofructokinase-1 liver type and dampening flux through the pentose phosphate pathway.
    [Cell]

    Full Article

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    Multiomics Analyses Reveal a Critical Role of Selenium in Controlling T Cell Differentiation in Crohn’s Disease

    Scientists examined the immunological features and metabolic microenvironment of untreated individuals with inflammatory bowel disease by multiomics analyses.
    [Immunity]

    Abstract

    Cross-Tissue Single-Cell Landscape of Human Monocytes and Macrophages in Health and Disease

    Researchers focused on IL4I1+CD274(PD-L1)+IDO1+ macrophages, which accumulated in the tumor periphery in a T cell-dependent manner via interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and CD40/CD40L-induced maturation from IFN-primed monocytes.
    [Immunity]

    Abstract

    Differentiation of Exhausted CD8+ T Cells after Termination of Chronic Antigen Stimulation Stops Short of Achieving Functional T Cell Memory

    Scientists confirmed pervasive phenotypic, functional and transcriptional differences between memory and exhausted antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in human hepatitis C virus infection before and after treatment.
    [Nature Immunology]

    Abstract

    Human Autoinflammatory Disease Reveals ELF4 as a Transcriptional Regulator of Inflammation

    Using cells from patients and newly generated mouse models, investigators uncovered ELF4-mutant macrophages having hyperinflammatory responses to a range of innate stimuli.
    [Nature Immunology]

    Abstract

    Natural Killer Cell Immunosuppressive Function Requires CXCR3-Dependent Redistribution within Lymphoid Tissues

    Scientists showed that NK-cell suppression of T cells was associated with transient accumulation of NK cells within T cell-rich sites of the spleen during lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection.
    [Journal of Clinical Investigation]

    AbstractFull ArticleGraphical Abstract

    PIP4Ks Impact on PI3K, FOXP3, and UHRF1 Signaling and Modulate Human Regulatory T Cell Proliferation and Immunosuppressive Activity

    Using ex vivo human primary T cells, researchers found that PIP4K activity was required for Treg cell signaling and immunosuppressive activity.
    [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]

    Abstract

    Optimized CRISPR-Mediated Gene Knockin Reveals FOXP3-Independent Maintenance of Human Treg Identity

    To establish a benchmark of human Treg dysfunction, the authors targeted the master transcription factor FOXP3 in naive and memory Tregs. Although FOXP3-ablated Tregs upregulated cytokine expression, effects on suppressive capacity in vitro manifested slowly and primarily in memory Tregs.
    [Cell Reports]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Monocyte-Dependent Co-Stimulation of Cytokine Induction in Human γδ T Cells by TLR8 RNA Ligands

    Investigators used recently described RNA ligands for toll-like receptor (TLR)7 and TLR8 together with Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell specific pyrophosphate antigens to analyze the rapid cytokine induction in Vδ2 T cells as well as the accessory cell requirements.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

    Corneal Inflammatory Cell Infiltration Predicts Disease Activity in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

    Scientists determined whether the amount of corneal inflammatory cells measured by corneal confocal microscopy detects disease activity in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

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    REVIEWS

    Importance of Lymphocyte–Stromal Cell Interactions in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases

    The authors describe the importance of lymphocyte-stromal cell interactions in chronic inflammation, with a focus on human disease, using three selected autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
    [Nature Reviews Rheumatology]

    Abstract

    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Beyond Celiac Partners with University of Sheffield, UK, to Research Neuropathology of Celiac Disease and Gluten-Related Disorders

    Beyond Celiac announced the granting of a two-year established investigator grant award to the University of Sheffield, United Kingdom. The $209,000 investment from Beyond Celiac will make it possible for scientists to expand investigation of the neurological and neuropsychological manifestations of celiac disease and gluten-related disorders.
    [Beyond Celiac]

    Press Release

    FEATURED EVENT

    Virus Genomics and Evolution

    September 13 – 15, 2021
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    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Postdoctoral Scholar – Immunology, Cancer Immunotherapy, and Protein Engineering

    University of California Irvine – Irvine, California, United States

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Stem Cells and Immunotherapy

    University of Wisconsin–Madison – Madison, Wisconsin, United States

    Research Assistant – Immunobiology of MSCs

    Mercer University – Savannah, Georgia, United States

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Immune Changes in Alzheimer’s Disease

    University of North Dakota – Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Tumorigenesis in Melanoma and Glioblastoma

    Medical College of Wisconsin – Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States

    > See All Jobs

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