Immune Regulation News 10.05 February 9, 2018 | |
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TOP STORYMolecular ‘Magnets’ Could Improve Cancer Immunotherapy Chemicals that attract specialized immune cells toward tumors could be used to develop better immunotherapies for cancer patients, according to new research. Scientists discovered that immune cells called natural killer cells accumulate in tumors and release chemicals that attract specialized dendritic cells to the tumor. [Press release from the Francis Crick Institute discussing online prepublication in Cell] Press Release | Full Article | Graphical Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Eradication of Spontaneous Malignancy by Local Immunotherapy The authors used a screening strategy in which the same syngeneic tumor was implanted at two separate sites in the body. One tumor was then injected with test agents, and the resulting immune response was detected by the regression of the distant, untreated tumor. [Sci Transl Med] Full Article | Press Release Researchers showed that chitinase-3-like-1 (Chi3l1) expression was increased in activated T cells, especially in Th2 cells. In addition, Chi3l1-deficient T cells are hyper-responsive to TcR stimulation and are prone to differentiating into Th1 cells. [Nat Commun] Full Article Investigators tested the effects of IL-12 plus doxorubicin on T cell penetration and efficacy in solid tumors in a murine lung cancer model, a murine breast carcinoma lung metastasis model and two human xenograft tumor models bearing large tumors. [Clin Cancer Res] Abstract Scientists showed T cell activation rapidly induces glycolysis independent of transcription, translation, CD28, and Akt and not involving increased glucose uptake or activity of glycolytic enzymes. Rather, TCR signaling promotes activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1, inhibiting mitochondrial import of pyruvate and facilitating breakdown into lactate. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Researchers investigated the requirements for the induction of CD8+ T cell responses by antigens (Ags) bound by CD169+ macrophages. Upon Ag targeting to CD169+ macrophages, they showed that BATF3-dependent CD8α+ dendritic cells are crucial for DNGR-1-mediated cross-priming of CD8+ T cell responses. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Scientists studied the in vivo fate of T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors specific for the glioblastoma (GBM) antigen IL13Rα2 in immunocompetent GBM models. [Mol Ther] Abstract TAOK1 Negatively Regulates IL-17-Mediated Signaling and Inflammation Investigators report that thousand and one kinase 1 (TAOK1) functions as a negative regulator of IL-17-mediated signal transduction and inflammation. TAOK1 knockdown promoted IL-17-induced cytokine and chemokine expression and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor-κB. [Cell Mol Immunol] Abstract Researchers found that 14-3-3ζ expression was up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and in tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs). TILs with 14-3-3ζ high-expression exhibited impaired activation, proliferation and anti-tumor functions compared to 14-3-3ζ low expression TILs. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article ILDR2 Is a Novel B7-like Protein That Negatively Regulates T Cell Responses Scientists identified Ig-like domain–containing receptor (ILDR)2 as a novel B7-like protein with robust T cell inhibitory activity, expressed in immune cells and in immune-privileged and inflamed tissues. [J Immunol] Abstract | Press Release ILDR2-Fc Is a Novel Regulator of Immune Homeostasis and Inducer of Antigen-Specific Immune Tolerance Researchers showed that short-term treatment with ILDR2-Fc results in long-term durable beneficial effects in the relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and NOD type 1 diabetes models. [J Immunol] Abstract | Press Release Galectin-1 Is Required for the Regulatory Function of B Cells The authors report an important role for galectin-1 (Gal-1) in the induction of B cells regulatory function. Mice deficient of Gal-1 showed significant loss of transitional-2 B cells, previously reported to include IL-10+ regulatory B cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article Scientists report that high salt diet (HSD) intake in male mice impairs both trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture along with decreasing the mineral density and heterogeneity of bones. The HSD modulated host immune system and skewed Treg-Th17 balance by promoting osteoclastogenic Th17 cells and inhibiting development of anti-osteoclastogenic Treg cells in mice. [Sci Rep] Full Article Subscribe to our sister publications: Human Immunology News & Immunology of Infectious Disease News. | |
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REVIEWSFunctions of NKG2D in CD8+ T Cells: An Opportunity for Immunotherapy The authors focus on the similarities and differences between natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) and CD28; less well-described characteristics of NKG2D, such as the potential role of NKG2D in CD8+ T-cell memory formation, cancer immunity and autoimmunity; and the opportunities for targeting NKG2D in immunotherapy. [Cell Mol Immunol] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSPieris Pharmaceuticals and Seattle Genetics Announce Multi-Program Immuno-Oncology Collaboration Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Seattle Genetics, Inc. announced they have entered into a collaboration and license agreement with the goal of developing multiple targeted bispecific immuno-oncology treatments for solid tumors and blood cancers. [Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release Tessa Therapeutics announced that the Stanford Cancer Institute recently joined the company’s trial network which now consists of seven hospitals across the United States. [Tessa Therapeutics Pte Ltd.] Press Release Sosei Provides an Update on Its Immuno-Oncology Clinical Program with AstraZeneca Sosei Group Corporation announced that its immuno-oncology collaboration with AstraZeneca is progressing well. The first patient has been dosed in an expansion cohort in the Phase Ib segment of the Phase I study in advanced solid tumors. [Sosei Group Corporation] Press Release Targovax ASA announced completion of the safety lead-in cohort and preliminary immune activation data in the Phase I/II trial of ONCOS-102 in mesothelioma in combination with standard of care chemotherapy. [Targovax ASA] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSNew U.S. Budget Deal Includes More Funding for 2020 Census The latest short-term budget agreement that keeps the U.S. government running for another six weeks gives a much-needed boost to planning for the 2020 census. [ScienceInsider] Editorial NSF Requires Institutions to Report Sexual Harassment Findings The National Science Foundation (NSF) in Alexandria, Virginia, announced a new set of measures to combat sexual harassment by people working on the projects it funds. The steps may include suspending or eliminating research grants after an institution finds that a grantee committed harassment. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW International Conference on Lymphocyte Engineering Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Scientist Opportunities – Biomedical Research (Cedars-Sinai) Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Postdoctoral Fellowship – Immune Checkpoint Therapy (Canadian Nuclear Laboratories) Postdoctoral Fellow – Myeloid Cells and Type I Interferon Responses (The Wistar Institute) Laboratory Head – In Vivo Pharmacology (Boehringer Ingelheim) PhD Positions – Immunology (Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology) Postdoctoral Fellow – Regulation of Platelet Mediated Complications (NYU School of Medicine) Research Scientist – Cellular and Translational Immunology (University of Virginia) Postdoctoral Scholar – Immunology (Pennsylvania State University) Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Inflammation and Immuno-Oncology (Yale School of Medicine) Assistant, Associate, or Full Member – Cancer Immunology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Research Fellow Position – Immunology Research (ShanghaiTech University) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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