Immune Regulation News Volume 10.13 | Apr 13 2018

TOP STORY

T Cell-Induced CSF1 Promotes Melanoma Resistance to PD1 Blockade

Researchers showed that colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) is expressed in human melanoma, and patients with metastatic melanoma have increased CSF1 in blood compared to healthy subjects. In tumors, CSF1 expression correlated with the abundance of CD8⁺ T cells and CD163⁺ tumor-associated macrophages. [Sci Transl Med] Full Article | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Transposon-Modified Antigen-Specific T Lymphocytes for Sustained Therapeutic Protein Delivery In Vivo

The authors report the utility of antigen-specific T lymphocytes as a regulatable peptide delivery platform for in vivo therapy. piggyBac transposon modification of murine cells with luciferase allows us to visualize T cells after adoptive transfer. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Cell-Specific Discrimination of Desmosterol and Desmosterol Mimetics Confers Selective Regulation of LXR and SREBP in Macrophages

Scientists demonstrated that synthetic desmosterol mimetics activate LXR in macrophages both in vitro and in vivo while suppressing SREBP target genes. Unexpectedly, desmosterol and synthetic desmosterol mimetics have almost no effect on LXR activity in hepatocytes in comparison with conventional synthetic LXR ligands. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Programmed Self-Assembly of Peptide-Major Histocompatibility Complex for Antigen-Specific Immune Modulation

Investigators report a technology for amplifying antigen-specific lymphocyte responses based on orchestrating coordinated signaling events at the level of peptide-major histocompatibility complex-TCR interactions. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

How Biophysical Forces Regulate Human B Cell Lymphomas

Investigators showed that fluid flow enhances proliferation and modulates response of diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) to specific therapeutic agents. Fluid flow upregulated surface expression of B cell receptors (BCRs) and integrin receptors in subsets of ABC-DLBCLs with either CD79A/B mutations or WT BCRs, similar to what is observed with xenografted human tumors in mice. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Netting Neutrophils Activate Autoreactive B Cells in Lupus

Researchers showed that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) directly trigger Ab production by human memory B cells. This occurs via LL37-DNA complexes present in NETs, which have the unique ability to gain access to endosomal compartments of B cells and to trigger TLR9 activation. [J Immunol] Abstract

Tuning T Cell Signaling Sensitivity Alters the Behavior of CD4⁺ T Cells during an Immune Response

Scientists generated an inducible knock-in mouse expressing the self-sensitizing voltage-gated sodium channel Scn5a. Overexpression of Scn5a in peripheral T cells via the CD4-Cre promoter resulted in increased TCR-proximal signaling. [J Immunol] Abstract

Plac1 Is a Key Regulator of the Inflammatory Response and Immune Tolerance In Mammary Tumorigenesis

Treatment of mice engrafted with wild-type EO771 cells with a Cxcr2 antagonist impaired tumor growth, reduced myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells, while increasing macrophages, dendritic cells, NK cells and the penetration of CD8⁺ T cells into the tumor bed. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Coordinated Responses to Individual Tumor Antigens by IgG Antibody and CD8⁺ T Cells following Cancer Vaccination

Scientists sought to simultaneously interrogate serum IgG and CD8⁺ T cell recognition of individual tumor antigens to determine whether antigen-specific serum IgG antibodies provide a window into the behavior of antigen-specific CD8⁺ T cell responses. [J Immunother Cancer] Full Article

FoxP3⁺ Regulatory T Cells, Interleukin 17 and Mast Cells in Chronic Inflammatory Periodontal Disease

The authors investigated the cell types expressing FoxP3 and interleukin-17A within periodontal disease tissues and to determine gene and protein expression profiles associated with periodontitis. [J Periodontal Res] Abstract

Subscribe to our sister publications: Human Immunology News & Immunology of Infectious Disease News.

The Role of Extracellular Vesicles When Innate Meets Adaptive

A good understanding of the mechanisms by which innate immune cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) influence adaptive immune responses, or vice versa, may reveal novel insights in the regulation of the immune system and can open up new possibilities for EVs in controlling immune responses, either as a therapy, target, or as an adjuvant in future immune modulating treatments. [Semin Immunopathol] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field.

MabSpace Initiated Global Phase I Trial of MSB2311, Its 2^nd Generation PD-L1 Antibody With a Distinct Intra-Tumor Recycling Property

MabSpace Biosciences announced that the first subject has been dosed in a Phase I clinical study of MSB2311, for the treatment of advanced solid tumors. [MabSpace Biosciences (Business Wire, Inc.)] Press Release

Protalex Initiates Fourth Cohort Dosing of Phase I/II Study of PRTX-100 in Immune Thrombocytopenia

Protalex, Inc. announced that the company has enrolled the first of three patients in cohort four of its U.S./U.K. Phase I/II trial evaluating PRTX-100 for the treatment of adults with persistent/chronic immune thrombocytopenia. [Protalex, Inc.] Press Release

Rhizen Pharmaceuticals S.A. Receives FDA Fast Track Designation for Tenalisib (RP6530), a Highly Selective Dual PI3K Delta/Gamma Inhibitor for the Treatment of Patients with Relapsed and/or Refractory Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL)

Rhizen Pharmaceuticals S.A. announced that the FDA has granted Fast Track Designation for Tenalisib (RP6530), the Company’s highly selective and orally active dual PI3K delta/gamma inhibitor, for the treatment of patients with relapsed and/or refractory CTCL. [Rhizen Pharmaceuticals S.A.] Press Release

Spain’s Biggest-Ever Science Petition Decries ‘Abandonment’ of Research

Leading Spanish scientific organizations delivered a petition signed by more than 277,000 people to the national parliament in Madrid on 11 April, calling on the government to stop the “progressive abandonment of science in Spain” caused by budget cuts. The petition is the largest ever on a science-policy subject in Spain. [Nature News] Editorial

Panel Calls for a Postdoc Tax and Other Measures to Help Biomedical Scientists Find Jobs

The U.S. Congress, federal funding agencies, universities, and other research institutions must take significant steps, such as a postdoc “tax” and a hard cap on how long postdocs can be funded by a lab head, to better usher young biomedical scientists into viable careers, a committee from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine concluded in a report. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

The March for Science Is Back — and Here’s What to Expect

Nature takes a look at why people are marching, how the movement has changed over time and what its future could bring. [Nature News] Editorial

Spanish Research Gets a Nice Budget Boost—but Scientists Say It Will Be of Little Help

The Spanish government has announced plans to raise the country’s overall public R&D budget by 8.3% in 2018, from €6.5 billion to €7 billion—the biggest hike since the economic crisis hit Spain in 2008. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW The Lancet Summit: Inflammation and Immunity in Disorders of the Brain and Mind
November 15-17, 2018
Barcelona, Spain

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Scientist – Immuno-Oncology (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI))

Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer, Immunotherapy, and Fibrosis (University of Alabama at Birmingham)

Research Scientist – Biomarker Development (Kymab)

Postdoctoral Research Assistant – Gene Regulation in T Cells (University of Dundee)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immune Suppression Mechanisms in Myeloid Cells (AstraZeneca)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer, Immunotherapy, and Fibrosis (University of Alabama at Birmingham)

Postdoctoral Position – Tregs in the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche (Columbia Center for Translational Immunology)

Scientist – Immune Tolerance (Moderna Therapeutics)

Tenure Track Assistant Professor – Immune Signaling (Technical University of Munich)

Scientist – Immunology (Bioverativ)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cardiovascular and Immunology Research (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology and iPSCs (Stanford University)

Postdoctoral Associate Position – Tumor Immunology/Immunotherapy (Duke Cancer Institute)

Postdoctoral Training Opportunity – Infection and Immunity (Institut Pasteur of Shanghai – Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Assistant, Associate, or Full Member – Cancer Immunology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Research Fellow Position – Immunology Research (ShanghaiTech University)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

Have we missed an important article or publication in Immune Regulation News? Click here to submit!

Comments or suggestions? Submit your feedback here.