Immune Regulation News Volume 10.14 | Apr 20 2018

TOP STORY

Psoriasis Treated with Compound Derived from Immune Cells

A compound derived from immune cells treats psoriasis in mice and holds promise for other autoimmune diseases. The compound suppresses an inflammatory pathway that is overactive in many autoimmune diseases, suggesting that it may be effective against multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus and other autoimmune diseases as well as psoriasis. [Press release from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis discussing online prepublication in Nature] Press Release | Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

The Transcription Factor Runx3 Establishes Chromatin Accessibility of cis-Regulatory Landscapes that Drive Memory Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Formation

Investigators mapped regions of hyper-accessible chromatin in naive cells during T cell receptor stimulation and discovered that the transcription factor Runx3 promoted accessibility to memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-specific cis-regulatory regions before the first cell division and was essential for memory CTL differentiation. [Immunity] Abstract | Press Release | Graphical Abstract

T Follicular Helper Cell-Germinal Center B Cell Interaction Strength Regulates Entry into Plasma Cell or Recycling Germinal Center Cell Fate

Scientists found that a population of light zone germinal center (GC) cells, Bcl6^loCD69^hi expressing a transcription factor IRF4 and higher-affinity B cell receptors (BCRs) or Bcl6^hiCD69^hi with lower-affinity BCRs, favored the plasma cell or recycling GC cell fate, respectively. [Immunity] Abstract | Press Release | Graphical Abstract

Fatal Demyelinating Disease Is Induced by Monocyte-Derived Macrophages in the Absence of TGF-β Signaling

Investigators found that abrogation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling in CX3CR1⁺ monocyte-derived macrophages led to rapid onset of a progressive and fatal demyelinating motor disease characterized by myelin-laden giant macrophages throughout the spinal cord. [Nat Immunol] Abstract | Press Release

γδ T Cells Producing Interleukin-17A Regulate Adipose Regulatory T Cell Homeostasis and Thermogenesis

The authors characterized a highly enriched tissue-resident population of γδ T cells in adipose tissue that regulate age-dependent T_reg expansion and control core body temperature in response to environmental fluctuations. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

Evidence that TLR4 Is Not a Receptor for Saturated Fatty Acids but Mediates Lipid-Induced Inflammation by Reprogramming Macrophage Metabolism

Using multiple orthogonal approaches, investigators provide evidence that while loss-of-function models confirm that toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) does, indeed, regulate lcSFA-induced inflammation, TLR4 is not a receptor for long-chain saturated fatty acids. [Cell Metab] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

KAP1 Regulates Regulatory T Cell Function and Proliferation in Both Foxp3-Dependent and -Independent Manners

Scientists analyzed mice with Treg-specific deletion of KAP1 and found that they develop spontaneous autoimmune disease. KAP1-deficient Tregs failed to induce Foxp3-regulated Treg signature genes. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Sarm1/Myd88-5 Regulates Neuronal Intrinsic Immune Response to Traumatic Axonal Injuries

The authors demonstrated that neurons can detect, cell autonomously, distant axonal damage, resulting in rapid production of a specific collection of cytokines and chemokines. This neuronal immune response appeared spatially and temporally separated from injury-induced axon degeneration. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Estrogen Receptor α Contributes to T Cell-Mediated Autoimmune Inflammation by Promoting T Cell Activation and Proliferation

To study how estrogen receptor α (ERα) contributes to autoimmune diseases, researchers generated mice in which ERα was deleted specifically in T lymphocytes. They found that ERα deletion in T cells reduced their pathogenic potential in a mouse model of colitis and correlated with transcriptomic changes that affected T cell activation. [Sci Signal] Abstract

Interleukin-2 Shapes the Cytotoxic T Cell Proteome and Immune Environment-Sensing Programs

Investigators found that IL-2 signaling through Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and JAK3 increased the abundance of a key subset of proteins to induce the accumulation of critical cytokines and effector molecules in T cells. [Sci Signal] Abstract

Subscribe to our sister publications: Human Immunology News & Immunology of Infectious Disease News.

Clocking in to Immunity

The authors discuss the latest insights into the genetic and biochemical mechanisms linking immunity to the core circadian clock of the cell and hypothesize as to why the immune system is so tightly controlled by circadian oscillations. [Nat Rev Immunol] Abstract

Beyond Host Defense: Emerging Functions of the Immune System in Regulating Complex Tissue Physiology

Scientists propose an integrated view of how the mammalian immune system senses and interacts with other complex organ systems to maintain tissue and whole-body homeostasis. [Cell] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field.

Obsidian Therapeutics Presents Preclinical Data from Regulated Cytokine Programs that Enable CAR-T Therapies with Controllable Functions

Obsidian Therapeutics, Inc. announced the presentation of preclinical data on its regulated cytokine programs. [Press release from Obsidian Therapeutics, Inc. (Business Wire, Inc.) discussing research presented at the 2018 Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Chicago] Press Release

TARIS^® Presents Data Demonstrating Significant Local and Systemic Immune Modulation following Continuous Low-Dose Bladder Delivery of Gemcitabine

TARIS presented a late-breaking poster titled “Significant cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effects of continuous low-dose intravesical gemcitabine in rodent bladder tumor models”. [Press release from TARIS Biomedical^® discussing research presented at the 2018 American Association of Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

Tocagen and ApolloBio Enter License Agreement to Develop and Commercialize Toca 511 & Toca FC in the Greater China Region

Tocagen Inc. and Beijing Apollo Venus Biomedical Technology Limited announced that they have entered into a license agreement providing ApolloBio with an exclusive license to develop and commercialize Toca 511 & Toca FC within the greater China region, including mainland China, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. [Tocagen Inc.] Press Release

Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Announces Initiation of a Phase IIb Trial of GBR 830, a First-in-Class, Investigational, Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis

Glenmark Pharmaceuticals announced the initiation of a Phase IIb clinical trial of GBR 830, a novel, investigational treatment for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. The trial’s primary endpoint will assess the efficacy of GBR 830, compared to placebo. [Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd.] Press Release

Dutch Universities, Journal Publishers Agree on Open-Access Deals

Despite some difficult negotiations, academic institutions in the Netherlands have been securing subscriptions that combine publishing and reading into one fee. [The Scientist] Editorial

Women Less Successful When Applying for Patents

Women inventors have less success than men at each step of the patent application process in the U.S., according to a study published this month in Nature Biotechnology. [The Scientist] Editorial

NEW 14^th Annual Biomarkers Congress
February 21-22, 2019
Manchester, United Kingdom

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow/Research Associate – Immune Modulatory Therapies (Houston Methodist Hospital)

Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Immuno-Oncology (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer, Immunotherapy, and Fibrosis (University of Alabama at Birmingham)

Research Scientist – Biomarker Development (Kymab)

Postdoctoral Research Assistant – Gene Regulation in T Cells (University of Dundee)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immune Suppression Mechanisms in Myeloid Cells (AstraZeneca)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer, Immunotherapy, and Fibrosis (University of Alabama at Birmingham)

Postdoctoral Position – Tregs in the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche (Columbia Center for Translational Immunology)

Scientist – Immune Tolerance (Moderna Therapeutics)

Tenure Track Assistant Professor – Immune Signaling (Technical University of Munich)

Scientist – Immunology (Bioverativ)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cardiovascular and Immunology Research (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology and iPSCs (Stanford University)

Postdoctoral Associate Position – Tumor Immunology/Immunotherapy (Duke Cancer Institute)

Postdoctoral Training Opportunity – Infection and Immunity (Institut Pasteur of Shanghai – Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Assistant, Associate, or Full Member – Cancer Immunology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Research Fellow Position – Immunology Research (ShanghaiTech University)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

Have we missed an important article or publication in Immune Regulation News? Click here to submit!

Comments or suggestions? Submit your feedback here.