Immune Regulation News Volume 10.30 | Aug 10 2018

TOP STORY

LAG3⁺ Regulatory T Cells Restrain Interleukin-23-Producing CX3CR1⁺ Gut-Resident Macrophages during Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cell-Driven Colitis

The authors showed that Foxp3⁺ Treg cells prevented group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3)-mediated colitis in an interleukin (IL)-10-independent manner. Treg cells inhibited IL-23 and IL-1β production from intestinal-resident CX3CR1⁺ macrophages but not CD103⁺ dendritic cells. [Immunity] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Epigenetic Control of Innate and Adaptive Immune Memory

Researchers demonstrated that differentiating and ‘memory’ natural killer cells possess distinct chromatin accessibility states and that their epigenetic profiles reveal a ‘poised’ regulatory program at the memory stage. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

IL-9 Receptor Signaling in Memory B Cells Regulates Humoral Recall Responses

The authors found that the receptor for the cytokine IL-9 (IL-9R) was induced selectively on memory B cells (B_mem cells) after primary immunization and that IL-9R-deficient mice exhibited a normal primary antibody response but impaired recall antibody responses, with attenuated population expansion and plasma-cell differentiation of B_mem cells. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

γδ T Cells Control Humoral Immune Response by Inducing T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation

Scientists showed that complete Freund’s adjuvant, but not alum, immunization induces a subpopulation of CXCR5-expressing γδ T cells in the draining lymph nodes. TCRγδ⁺CXCR5⁺ cells presented antigens to, and induced CXCR5 on, CD4 T cells by releasing Wnt ligands to initiate the T follicular helper cell program. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Myeloid Apolipoprotein E Controls Dendritic Cell Antigen Presentation and T Cell Activation

Investigators showed that apolipoprotein E deficiency led to the accumulation of cholesterol in the cell membrane of dendritic cells, resulting in enhanced MHC-II-dependent antigen presentation and CD4⁺ T-cell activation. [Nat Commun] Full Article

DUSP6 Mediates T Cell Receptor-Engaged Glycolysis and Restrains TFH Cell Differentiation

Utilizing mice lacking DUSP6, scientists showed that this phosphatase regulated T cell receptor signaling to influence follicular helper T (TFH) cell differentiation and T cell metabolism. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Nur77 Serves as a Molecular Brake of the Metabolic Switch during T Cell Activation to Restrict Autoimmunity

Researchers identified the transcription factor Nur77 as a cell-intrinsic modulator of T cell activation. Nur77-deficient T cells are highly proliferative, and lack of Nur77 is associated with enhanced T cell activation and increased susceptibility for T cell-mediated inflammatory diseases, such as CNS autoimmunity, allergic contact dermatitis and collagen-induced arthritis. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Profiling the Origin, Dynamics, and Function of Traction Force in B Cell Activation

The authors demonstrated that isotype-switched memory B cells expressing immunoglobulin G-BCRs generated greater traction forces than did mature naïve B cells expressing IgM-BCRs during B cell activation. [Sci Signal] Abstract

C/EBPβ Deletion Promotes Expansion of Poorly Functional Intestinal Regulatory T Cells

Investigators used the CCAAT enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ)^-/- mice in the CD45RB^High adoptive transfer model, to assess C/EBPβ^-/- CD4⁺ T cells for their colitiogenic potential and C/EBPβ^-/- CD4⁺ Foxp3⁺ Tregs for their ability to inhibit colitis. [J Crohns Colitis] Abstract

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Neuro-Immune Regulation of Mucosal Physiology

The authors focus on reciprocal neuro-immune interactions in the airways and intestine. Such neuro-immune cross-talk maximizes sensing and integration of environmental aggressions, which can be considered an important paradigm shift in the current views of mucosal physiology and immune regulation. [Mucosal Immunol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field.

Regeneron and bluebird bio Announce Collaboration to Discover, Develop and Commercialize New Cell Therapies for Cancer

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and bluebird bio, Inc. announced a collaboration to apply their respective technology platforms to the discovery, development and commercialization of novel immune cell therapies for cancer. [Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

Immune Biosolutions Enters into a Research Collaboration and License Agreement with Johnson & Johnson Innovation to Identify and Develop Therapeutic Antibodies for Multiple Targets

Immune Biosolutions Inc. announced a research collaboration and license agreement with Janssen Biotech, Inc. The agreement will focus initially on the discovery and development of therapeutic antibodies in oncology. [Immune Biosolutions Inc.] Press Release

BioLineRx Initiates Phase I/IIa Clinical Study for AGI-134, a Novel Immunotherapy for Treatment of Solid Tumors

BioLineRx Ltd. announced that it has initiated a Phase I/IIa clinical study for AGI-134, a novel compound that evokes a direct anti-tumor response, as well as a vaccine effect, via a unique, universally applicable, multi-arm mechanism that targets patient-specific tumor neoantigens. [BioLineRx Ltd.] Press Release

US Congress Leaves Science Agencies Hanging — Again

Lawmakers in the US Congress are running out of time to pass a budget for the 2019 fiscal year, and have yet to resolve major disagreements over climate-change and environment programs. [Nature News] Editorial

Gottlieb: FDA Will Streamline Drug Safety Evaluations

The FDA will soon standardize the way it handles data on the safety and effectiveness of drugs in an effort to reduce inconsistencies in the drug review process. [STAT News] Editorial

India Cracks Down on Plagiarism at Universities

India has for the first time introduced regulations to detect and punish acts of plagiarism at universities. Punishments for researchers or students caught breaking the rules range from requiring that a manuscript be withdrawn to sacking or expulsion, depending on the extent of the plagiarism. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Cell Therapies and Bioengineering Conference
September 20-22, 2018
San Francisco, California, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Department Chair – Inflammation & Immunity (Cleveland Clinic – Lerner Research Institute)

NEW Research Associate – Innate Immune Response to Bacterial Infection (Imperial College London)

Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Faculty Position – Aging and the Immune System (Mayo Clinic)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Immunology, Inflammation and Aging (German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunotherapy (California Institute for Biomedical Research)

Postdoctoral Researcher – T Cell Biology (Washington University School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellowships – Immunometabolism (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

Assistant/Associate Professor – Immunology (University of Massachusetts)

PhD Student – Cellular Immunotherapy (Glycostem Therapeutics)

Assistant, Associate, or Full Member – Cancer Immunology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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