Immune Regulation News Volume 10.40 | Oct 19 2018

TOP STORY

DNGR-1 in Dendritic Cells Limits Tissue Damage by Dampening Neutrophil Recruitment

Researchers found that dendritic cell natural killer lectin group receptor-1 (DNGR-1) reduced host-damaging inflammatory responses induced by sterile and infectious tissue injury in mice. [Science] Abstract | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Phosphorylation-Mediated IFN-γR2 Membrane Translocation Is Required to Activate Macrophage Innate Response

The authors found that mice deficient in E-selectin, an endothelial cell-specific adhesion molecule, displayed impaired innate activation of macrophages upon Listeria monocytogenes infection yet had increased circulating interferon-γ (IFN-γ). [Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Tumor-Derived cGAMP Triggers a STING-Mediated Interferon Response in Non-Tumor Cells to Activate the NK Cell Response

Scientists found that in vivo natural killer (NK) cell killing of tumor cells, but not of normal cells, depended on STING expression in non-tumor cells. Experiments using transplantable tumor models in STING- and cGAS-deficient mice revealed that cGAS expression by tumor cells was critical for tumor rejection by NK cells. [Immunity] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Unique Pattern of Neutrophil Migration and Function during Tumor Progression

The authors report that bone marrow neutrophils from mice with early-stage cancer exhibited much more spontaneous migration than that of control neutrophils from tumor-free mice. [Nat Immunol] Abstract | Press Release

Fibrin-Targeting Immunotherapy Protects against Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration

Researchers report the generation of monoclonal antibody 5B8, targeted against the cryptic fibrin epitope γ_377-395, to selectively inhibit fibrin-induced inflammation and oxidative stress without interfering with clotting. [Nat Immunol] Abstract | Press Release

TLR8-Mediated Metabolic Control of Human Treg Function: A Mechanistic Target for Cancer Immunotherapy

Investigators report that human naturally occurring and tumor-associated Treg cells exhibited distinct metabolic profiles with selectivity for glucose metabolism compared with effector T cells. Treg-mediated accelerated glucose consumption induced cellular senescence and suppression of responder T cells through cross-talk. [Cell Metab] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

A Dysbiotic Microbiome Triggers T_H17 Cells to Mediate Oral Mucosal Immunopathology in Mice and Humans

Unlike homeostatic oral T_H17 cells, which accumulate in a commensal-independent and interleukin-6 (IL-6)-dependent manner, periodontitis-associated expansion of T_H17 cells was dependent on the local dysbiotic microbiome and required both IL-6 and IL-23. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | Press Release

SMAC Mimetics Induce Autophagy-Dependent Apoptosis of HIV-1-Infected Resting Memory CD4⁺ T Cells

Investigators found that DIABLO/SMAC mimetics selectively killed HIV-memory CD4⁺ T cells (T _CM) without increasing virus production or targeting uninfected T _CM. Treatment of HIV-T _CM with DIABLO/SMAC mimetics promoted XIAP and BIRC2 degradation, which triggered autophagy and the formation of a cell death complex consisting of pro-apoptotic and autophagy proteins. [Cell Host Microbe] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

ABIN-1 Heterozygosity Sensitizes to Innate Immune Response in Both RIPK1-Dependent and RIPK1-Independent Manner

Researchers investigated the mechanism by which ABIN-1 regulated innate immune responses. They showed that ABIN-1 heterozygosity sensitizes cells to antiviral response by mediating NF-κB-dependent and RIPK1-independent expression of pattern recognition molecules, including TLR3, RIG-I, and MDA5, in MEFs. [Cell Death Differ] Abstract

HBV Induces Inhibitory FcRL Receptor on B Cells and Dysregulates B Cell-T Follicular Helper Cell Axis

Scientists investigated B and follicular T helper cell defects that persist in HBV infection despite long-term nucleos(t)ide analog treatment and possible mechanisms behind them. [Sci Rep] Full Article

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From Colitis to Cancer: An Evolutionary Trajectory That Merges Maths and Biology

Investigators discuss the evolutionary dynamics of pre-neoplastic clones in colitis with a focus on how measuring their evolutionary trajectories could deliver a powerful way to predict future cancer occurrence. [Front Immunol] Full Article

Comparing the Effects of Different Cell Death Programs in Tumor Progression and Immunotherapy

The authors focus on the current understanding of the relationship between apoptosis and antitumor immune responses and the emerging evidence that induction of alternate death pathways such as necroptosis could improve therapeutic outcomes. [Cell Death Differ] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field.

Natera and Neon Therapeutics Announce Clinical Trial Collaboration to Assess Treatment Response to Personal Cancer Vaccine

Natera, Inc. and Neon Therapeutics, Inc. announced a research collaboration using Natera’s Signatera™ circulating tumor DNA assay as a biomarker to assess treatment response to NEO-PV-01 in Neon Therapeutics’ NT-002 clinical trial. [Natera, Inc.] Press Release

City of Hope’s Xiuli Wang, Ph.D., Awarded $3.8 Million by California Institute for Regenerative Medicine to Develop Immunotherapy Trial for HIV

The California Institute for Regenerative Medicine awarded City of Hope’s Xiuli Wang, Ph.D. $3.8 million to develop chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells that can target and kill HIV-infected cells. The treatment will also use the cytomegalovirus vaccine to stimulate the immune system to proliferate and maintain the CAR T cells. [City of Hope] Press Release

Innovent Announces First Patient Dosed in a Phase I Clinical Trial of Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody

Innovent Biologics, Inc. announced that the first patient has been dosed in a Phase I clinical trial of anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody for patients with advanced solid tumors. [Innovent Biologics, Inc.] Press Release

New England Journal Pulls One Paper, Probes Two Others from Stem Cell Researcher

The New England Journal of Medicine retracted one paper from the lab of a controversial stem cell researcher and issued an “expression of concern” about two others published in its pages, dating to as long ago as 2001. [STAT News] Editorial

Feds Crack Down on Stem Cell Clinics that Touted Autism Treatments, Blindness Cures

For the first time, the Federal Trade Commission has cracked down on stem cell clinics for overzealous marketing claims, filing a complaint against two California clinics that promoted their treatments for everything from autism to Parkinson’s despite a lack of evidence. [STAT News] Editorial

‘Vast Majority’ of NIH Chimps to Be Moved to Retirement Sanctuary, Agency Says

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) plans to move the “vast majority” of its chimpanzees formerly used for research to a sanctuary in Louisiana, Director Francis Collins told STAT. The NIH released a slate of decisions laying out its plans for the hundreds of chimps that are still living in agency-supported research facilities. [STAT News] Editorial

NEW 17^th World Congress of the International Pancreas & Islet Transplant Association (IPITA 2019)
July 2-5, 2019
Lyon, France

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (Johns Hopkins University)

NEW PhD Position – Antigen Presentation and Immune Regulation (Erasmus MC)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (Mondor Biomedical Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Molecular Mechanisms of Innate Immunity (University of Illinois)

Faculty Position – Immunology (Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason)

Institute Group Leader – Lymphocyte Biology (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

PhD and Postdoctoral Research Positions – Innate Immunity (Universitatsklinikum Tubingen)

Open Rank Professor – Biopharmaceutical Discovery (University of Delaware)

Assistant Professor – Biology (University of Delaware)

Research Assistant II – Immunology (Baylor College of Medicine)

Head of Laboratory – Immunology of Regulatory T Cells (Novartis Pharma AG)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immuno-Oncology (Technical University of Munich)

Faculty Position – Immunology (Vanderbilt University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Immunology (University of Nantes)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Foxp3+ T-Regulatory in Autoimmunity and Transplantation (Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia)

Postdoctoral Position – B-Cell Memory (Institut Necker-Enfants Malades)

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