Immune Regulation News 10.46 November 30, 2018 | |
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TOP STORYCasitas B-cell lymphoma-B (CBL-B) deficiency increased CD8+ T cell numbers, which were protected against apoptosis and regulatory T cell-mediated suppression. IFNγ and granzyme B production was enhanced in Cblb−/−Apoe−/− CD8+ T cells, which provoked macrophage killing. [Eur Heart J] Full Article | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Macrophage De Novo NAD+ Synthesis Specifies Immune Function in Aging and Inflammation Scientists demonstrated that cell-autonomous generation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) via the kynurenine pathway regulated macrophage immune function in aging and inflammation. [Nat Immunol] Abstract Hepatocyte-Macrophage Acetoacetate Shuttle Protects against Tissue Fibrosis Livers of mice lacking succinyl-coenzyme A-oxoacid transferase in macrophages were predisposed to accelerated fibrogenesis. Exogenous [ 13C]acetoacetate, but not D-[ 13C]β-hydroxybutyrate, ameliorated diet-induced hepatic fibrosis. [Cell Metab] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Intrinsic TNFR2 Signaling in T Regulatory Cells Provides Protection in CNS Autoimmunity Conditional inactivation of TNFR2 in FoxP3+ cells in doubly humanized TNF/TNFR2 mice down-regulated the expression of Treg signature molecules and diminished Treg suppressive function in vitro. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Full Article Critical Role of Regulatory T Cells in the Latency and Stress-Induced Reactivation of HSV-1 Using a herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) ocular infection murine model, researchers observed a positive correlation between the level of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and viral infectivity and demonstrated the requirement for Treg cells in latency establishment. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract BAX/BAK-Induced Apoptosis Results in Caspase-8-Dependent IL-1β Maturation in Macrophages Investigators identified intrinsic apoptosis as a non-canonical trigger of IL-1β maturation. Guided by the discovery of the immunomodulatory activity of vioprolides, cyclic peptides isolated from myxobacteria, they observed IL-1β maturation independent of canonical inflammasome pathways, yet dependent on intrinsic apoptosis. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Researchers found that low-dose aspirin suppressed the clinical symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mouse models of both relapsing-remitting and chronic disease. Aspirin reduced the development of EAE driven by myelin basic protein-specific T cells and the associated perivascular cuffing, inflammation, and demyelination. [Sci Signal] Abstract Colitis Promotes a Pathological Condition of the Liver in the Absence of Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells Investigators observed bacterial translocation and an influx of inflammatory cells, in particular Th17 cells, to the liver during colitis. In a dextran sodium sulfate colitis model, in which Tregs were concomitantly increased in the liver, they did not observe an overt pathological condition of the liver. [J Immunol] Abstract Researchers examined the unique contributions of the cytokines IL-21 and IL-4 on germinal center B cell initiation and subsequent maturation in a murine model system. [J Immunol] Abstract Subscribe to our sister publications: Human Immunology News & Immunology of Infectious Disease News. | |
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REVIEWSThe Role of Macrophages in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis The authors assess the evidence for macrophage involvement in the development of steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. In this process, not only the polarization of liver macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype is important, but adipose tissue macrophages, especially in the visceral compartment, also contribute to disease severity and insulin resistance. [Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol] Abstract Regulatory T Cell Plasticity and Stability and Autoimmune Diseases Scientists focus on the phenotypic characteristics, functions, and formation conditions of several plastic Tregs and also summarizes the changes of Treg stability and their effects on inhibitory function. [Clin Rev Allergy Immunol] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSTurnstone Biologics Unveils Novel Vaccinia Oncolytic Viral Immunotherapy Platform Turnstone Biologics presented pre-clinical data supporting the development of a new Vaccinia therapeutic platform. [Press release from Turnstone Biologics (Business Wire, Inc.) discussing research presented at the American Association for Cancer Research Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Meeting, Miami] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSEvelo Enters into Clinical Trial Collaboration Agreement with Merck Evelo Biosciences, Inc. announced that it has entered into a clinical trial collaboration agreement with Merck. [Evelo Biosciences, Inc.] Press Release Oncorus, Inc. announced the nomination of ONCR-177, a next-generation locally administered oncolytic virus clinical candidate for multiple solid tumor indications. [Oncorus, Inc.] Press Release Precision BioSciences and Servier announced that the FDA has accepted the Investigational New Drug application for PBCAR0191, an allogeneic anti-CD19 CAR T therapy for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. [Precision BioSciences] Press Release Fate Therapeutics, Inc. announced that the FDA has allowed its Investigational New Drug (IND) Application for FT500, the company’s universal, off-the-shelf natural killer (NK) cell product candidate derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line. [Fate Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSNIH Director Says There’s Work to Do on Regulating Genome Editing Globally The apparent birth this month of the first genetically modified babies is “a lesson in the potential for human hubris to overtake us,” Dr. Francis Collins, the director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), told STAT, but he said there is little U.S. officials can do to influence how China sanctions the rogue scientist who claims to have led the ethically dubious scientific breakthrough. [STAT News] Editorial Does Science Have a Bullying Problem? A spate of bullying allegations have rocked several high-profile science institutions. Here’s how researchers, universities, funders and others are dealing with the issue. [Nature News] Editorial European Funders Detail Their Open-Access Plan Plan S, the contentious plan that a group of European science funders hopes will end scholarly journals’ paywalls, has fleshed out its rules—and softened its tone a bit. In seven pages of implementation guidance released, the funders explain how their grantees can abide by Plan S rules come 2020, when it goes into effect. But some critics say the document—which is up for public discussion for the next two months—remains too restrictive. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Keystone Symposia: Origins of Allergic Disease NEW Keystone Symposia: Innate and Non-Classical Immune Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy NEW Keystone Symposia: Lipidomics and Functional Metabolic Pathways in Disease Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Fellow/Research Associate – Immunology (Turnstone Biologics Inc.) NEW Postdoctoral Position – Immunology (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität) Postdoctoral Position – Natural Killer Cells (The Scripps Research Institute) Faculty Positions – Translational Immunology (University of Miami) Postdoctoral Position – Immunology and Ion Channel Function (New York University School of Medicine) PhD Position – Cancer Immunotherapy (Helmholtz Zentrum München) Tenure/Tenure Track Faculty Position – Immunology (Wayne State University) PhD Position – Antigen Presentation and Immune Regulation (Erasmus MC) Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (Mondor Biomedical Research Institute) Postdoctoral Fellowship – Immunology (University of Nantes) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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