Immune Regulation News 11.19 May 31, 2019 | |
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TOP STORYNew Regulator of Immune Responses Discovered Scientists identified a new internal regulator that helps control the body’s response to fight infection. The discovery could be a target for new drugs to tackle autoimmune diseases, such as lupus and scleroderma, where healthy tissues are attacked by the body’s own immune system. [Press release from University of Leeds discussing online prepublication in Nature] Press Release | Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Distinct Fibroblast Subsets Drive Inflammation and Damage in Arthritis Researchers identified and described the biology of distinct subsets of fibroblasts responsible for mediating either inflammation or tissue damage in arthritis. They showed that deletion of fibroblast activation protein-α+ fibroblasts suppressed both inflammation and bone erosions in mouse models of resolving and persistent arthritis. [Nature] Abstract | Press Release Multifunctional Natural Killer Cell Engagers Targeting NKp46 Trigger Protective Tumor Immunity The authors report the generation of trifunctional natural killer (NK) cell engagers, targeting two activating receptors, NKp46 and CD16, on NK cells and a tumor antigen on cancer cells. [Cell] Abstract | Press Release 1 | Press Release 2 | Graphical Abstract Synthetic Manβ1-4GlcNAc disaccharide stimulated a broad immune response in vitro, which was in part dependent on the STING-TBK1 pathway, and enhanced antibody response in vivo. [Nat Commun] Full Article Investigators showed that CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 signaling mediated T cell receptor-induced NF-κB activation in regulatory T cells (Tregs) and controlled the conversion of resting Tregs to effector Tregs under homeostatic conditions. [Nat Commun] Full Article Scientists report that VI-16, a synthetic flavonoid compound, exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages in DSS-induced colitis mice, which intervened in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome without affecting intestinal epithelial cells. [Mucosal Immunol] Full Article Researchers report that leukotriene B4 receptor 1 (BLT1) was required to induce the production of antigen-specific IgA against oral vaccine through mediating innate immune signals from commensal bacteria. B cells acquired BLT1 expression during their differentiation to IgA+ B cells and plasma cells in Peyer’s patches and the small intestinal lamina propria, respectively. [Mucosal Immunol] Full Article The authors utilized an animal model of ovalbumin (OVA)‐induced allergic asthma with mice harboring an IL‐16 gene deletion to investigate the role of this cytokine in asthma, in addition to its underlying mechanism. [Immunology] Abstract Primed PMNs in Healthy Mouse and Human Circulation Are First Responders during Acute Inflammation Investigators identified a distinct population of “primed for recruitment” polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in healthy mouse and human blood that has high expression of adhesion and activation markers compared with the bulk resting-state PMNs. [Blood Adv] Full Article | Press Release | Graphical Abstract CD4 T Cells Induce a Subset of MHCII-Expressing Microglia that Attenuates Alzheimer’s Pathology Scientists found that Aβ-specific T cells polarized to secrete IFN-γ and intracerebroventricularly injected to the 5XFAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, induced the differentiation of MHCII+ microglia with distinct morphology and enhanced plaque clearance capacity than MHCII– microglia. [iScience] Abstract | Full Article | Graphical Abstract Subscribe to our sister publications: Human Immunology News & Immunology of Infectious Disease News. | |
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REVIEWSThe Microbiome and Immune Memory Formation The authors highlight the role of the microbiota in the induction of immune memory with a focus on both adaptive and innate memory as well as vaccine efficacy. [Immunol Cell Biol] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSPatient Groups Untested in Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Found to Also Benefit Immunotherapy is a revolutionary cancer treatment, but it was unknown if cancer patients with HIV or viral hepatitis could also reap the benefits of this therapy because they had been excluded from most clinical trials. In a study by Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, physicians say these patients along with African Americans, who were underrepresented in the trials, actually benefit at the same rate as patients tested in the clinical trials. [Press release from Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center discussing research to be presented at the 2019 ASCO Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSViela Bio, Inc. and Hansoh Pharmaceutical Group Company Limited announced a collaboration focused on development and commercialization of inebilizumab – Viela’s humanized anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody – in China for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, as well as other potential inflammation/autoimmune and hematologic malignancy indications. [Viela Bio, Inc.] Press Release Lantheus Holdings, Inc. announced that it has entered into a strategic collaboration and license agreement with NanoMab Technology Limited, a privately-held biopharmaceutical company focusing on the development of next generation radiopharmaceuticals to be used in the development of immuno-oncology therapies. [Lantheus Holdings, Inc.] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSAmbitious Open-Access Plan S Delayed to Let Research Community Adapt A major push by some science agencies to make the research they fund open-access on publication — Plan S — has been delayed by a year. Funders now don’t have to start implementing the initiative until 2021, the agencies announced, to give researchers and publishers more time to adapt to the changes the bold plan requires. [Nature News] Editorial No Paper, No PhD? India Rethinks Graduate Student Policy PhD students in India will no longer be required to publish articles in academic journals before they are awarded their doctorates, if the country’s higher-education regulator adopts recommendations from a committee of researchers. [Nature News] Editorial Bipartisan Bill Would Create Forum for Discussing How to Counter US Academic Espionage Academic leaders say more dialogue is urgently needed on one issue now bedeviling the US research community: how to best protect the country against its economic and military competitors without choking off international scientific collaborations and the free flow of people and ideas. [ScienceInsider] Editorial MD Anderson Clears Researcher Flagged by NIH for Not Disclosing Foreign Ties MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas, says it has concluded an investigation of the last of five researchers flagged by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) for potential violations of agency rules. The investigation “confirmed non-compliance with NIH and MD Anderson rules and policies, but such violations were not in our view serious or indicative of willful malfeasance,” the center said in a statement. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Cell Symposia: Gene and Cell Based Therapies: CRISPR, Stem Cells & Beyond Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Research Investigator – Tumor Immunology (MD Anderson Cancer Center) Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Immunology (Feinberg School of Medicine-Northwestern University) Postdoctoral Fellow – Innate Immunity and Inflammation (University of Pennsylvania) Postdoctoral Fellow – Intracellular Innate Immunity (EPFL) Postdoctoral Fellow – Transplantation Immunology (Medical College of Wisconsin) Professorship – Translational Immune Oncology (Uniklinik Köln) Postdoctoral Position – Immunology of Enteric Infections (University of Utah) Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Checkpoint Immunotherapy (City of Hope) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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