Immune Regulation News Volume 12.31 | Aug 28 2020

May 12, 2022

IRN 12.31 | August 22

Immune Regulation News by STEMCELL Technologies

Vol. 12.31 – 28 August, 2020

TOP STORY

Fibroblasts as a Source of Self-Antigens for Central Immune Tolerance

The authors report a PDGFR⁺gp38⁺DPP4⁻ thymic fibroblast subset that was required for T cell tolerance induction.
[Nature Immunology]

Abstract

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PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

T-Cells
Produce Acidic Niches in Lymph Nodes to Suppress Their Own Effector Functions

Researchers showed by in vivo fluorescence and MR imaging, that lymph nodes paracortical zones were profoundly acidic. These acidic niches were absent in athymic Nu/Nu and lymphodepleted mice, implicating T-cells in the acidifying process.
[Nature Communications]

Full Article

Enhancing
Chemotherapy Response through Augmented Synthetic Lethality by Co-Targeting Nucleotide Excision Repair and Cell-Cycle Checkpoints

Investigators showed that loss of the DNA repair protein XPA markedly augmented the synthetic lethality between MK2 and p53, enhancing anti-tumor responses alone and in combination with cisplatin chemotherapy.
[Nature Communications]

Full Article

Lung-Derived
HMGB1 Is Detrimental for Vascular Remodeling of Metabolically Imbalanced Arterial Macrophages

Acute lung injury-induced HMGB1 leaked and was captured by arterial macrophages thereby altering their mitochondrial metabolism through RIPK3.
[Nature Communications]

Abstract

miR-21a
in Exosomes from Lewis Lung Carcinoma Cells Accelerates Tumor Growth through Targeting PDCD4 to Enhance Expansion of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells

Researchers demonstrated that LLC-Exo accelerated tumor growth along with a significant accumulation of MDSCs in mouse tumor model.
[Oncogene]

Abstract

Adoptive
Transfer of Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells (BMDCs) Alleviates OVA-Induced Allergic Airway Inflammation in Asthmatic Mice

Scientists compared the effects of adoptively transferred SOCS3^−/− and SOCS3^+/+ bone marrow-derived dendritic cells on airway inflammation in ovalbumin-sensitized asthmatic mice.
[Scientific Reports]

Full Article

The α2 Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase
Isoform Mediates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation

Researchers report that mice haploinsufficient for the astrocyte-enriched α2Na+/K+-ATPase isoform had a reduced proinflammatory response to lipposacharides, accompanied by a reduced hypothermic reaction compared to wild type litter mates.
[Scientific Reports]

Full Article

Deficiency
of β-Arrestin2 Exacerbates Inflammatory Arthritis by Facilitating Plasma Cell Formation

Both LPS stimulation of isolated B lymphocytes in vitro and TNP-LPS challenge in vivo led to significantly higher plasma cell formation and antibodies production in β-arr2^−/− mice as compared with WT mice.
[Acta Pharmacologica Sinica]

Abstract

Identification
of Novel Loci Controlling Inflammatory Bowel Disease Susceptibility Utilizing the Genetic Diversity of Wild-Derived Mice

Investigators utilized a panel of chromosome substitution strains, carrying chromosomes from the wild-derived and genetically divergent PWD/PhJ (PWD) strain on the commonly used C57BL/6J background, as well as their parental B6 and PWD strains.
[Genes & Immunity]

Abstract

Activation
of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Prevents Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer through Myeloid Cell De-Activation Upstream of IL-22 Production

Researchers showed delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) attenuated colitis-associated colon cancer and colitis induced by anti-CD40. Working through cannabinoid receptor 2, THC increases CD103 expression on dendritic cells and macrophages and upregulates TGF-β1 to increase T regulatory cells
[iScience]

Abstract

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REVIEWS

The Role of HIF in Immunity and Inflammation

The authors review the role of HIF in immunity, including its role in macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, T cells, and B cells.
[Cell Metabolism]

Abstract

Bystander CD4⁺ T Cells: Crossroads between Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Scientists discuss the inflammatory mediators that activate bystander CD4⁺ T cells and the potential physiological roles of these cells during infection, autoimmunity, and cancer.
[Experimental and Molecular Medicine]

Full Article

Recent
Insights How Combined Inhibition of Immuno/Proteasome Subunits Enables Therapeutic Efficacy

Investigators summarize the latest insights how targeting multiple catalytically active proteasome subunits can interfere with disease progression in autoimmunity, growth of solid tumors, and allograft rejection.
[Genes & Immunity]

Abstract

INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

Cerecor Resumes Phase Ib Clinical Trial of CERC-002 for the Treatment of Severe Pediatric Onset Crohn’s Disease

Cerecor, Inc. announced it has resumed the Phase Ib clinical study of CERC-002 in anti-TNF refractory adult Crohn’s patients with the lifting of the moratorium on elective endoscopy resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.
[Cerecor, Inc. ]

Press Release

Applied Molecular Transport Announces First Patient Dosed in Phase II Study of Oral AMT-101 in Ulcerative Colitis

Applied Molecular Transport announced that the first patient has been dosed in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter Phase IIa study evaluating the efficacy and safety of oral AMT-101 in patients with moderate to severely active ulcerative colitis.
[Applied Molecular Transport ]

Press Release

FEATURED EVENT

Fibroblasts as a Source of Self-Antigens for Central Immune Tolerance

T-Cells
Produce Acidic Niches in Lymph Nodes to Suppress Their Own Effector Functions

Enhancing
Chemotherapy Response through Augmented Synthetic Lethality by Co-Targeting Nucleotide Excision Repair and Cell-Cycle Checkpoints

Lung-Derived
HMGB1 Is Detrimental for Vascular Remodeling of Metabolically Imbalanced Arterial Macrophages

miR-21a
in Exosomes from Lewis Lung Carcinoma Cells Accelerates Tumor Growth through Targeting PDCD4 to Enhance Expansion of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells

Adoptive
Transfer of Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells (BMDCs) Alleviates OVA-Induced Allergic Airway Inflammation in Asthmatic Mice

The α2 Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase
Isoform Mediates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation

Deficiency
of β-Arrestin2 Exacerbates Inflammatory Arthritis by Facilitating Plasma Cell Formation

Identification
of Novel Loci Controlling Inflammatory Bowel Disease Susceptibility Utilizing the Genetic Diversity of Wild-Derived Mice

Activation
of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Prevents Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer through Myeloid Cell De-Activation Upstream of IL-22 Production

The Role of HIF in Immunity and Inflammation

Bystander CD4⁺ T Cells: Crossroads between Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Recent
Insights How Combined Inhibition of Immuno/Proteasome Subunits Enables Therapeutic Efficacy

Cerecor Resumes Phase Ib Clinical Trial of CERC-002 for the Treatment of Severe Pediatric Onset Crohn’s Disease

Applied Molecular Transport Announces First Patient Dosed in Phase II Study of Oral AMT-101 in Ulcerative Colitis

Gene Expression and Signaling in the Immune System

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Research
Assistant – Liver Immunology Group

Podcast
Host – The Immunology Podcast

Postdoctoral
Scientist – NLR, ALR and Type 1 Interferon Signaling

Postdoctoral
Fellow – Autoimmune Pathogenesis

Postdoctoral
Researcher – Intestinal Immune Responses to Infection

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