Immune Regulation News Volume 12.40 | Oct 23 2020

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    IRN 12.40 | Oct 23 2020


    Immune Regulation News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 12.40 – 23 October, 2020
    TOP STORY

    TGF-β Suppresses Type 2 Immunity to Cancer

    The authors showed that depletion of transforming growth factor-β receptor 2 (TGFβR2) in CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells, halts cancer progression as a result of tissue healing and remodeling of the blood vasculature, causing cancer cell hypoxia and death in distant avascular regions.
    [Nature]

    Abstract
    Learn about immunological considerations for hPSC banking by watching Dr. David Turner's webinar from the Nature Research Round Table on hPSC Quality
    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    Cancer Immunotherapy via Targeted TGF-β Signaling Blockade in TH Cells

    Following the finding that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) suppresses T helper 2 (TH2)-cell-mediated cancer immunity, scientists showed that blocking TGF-β signaling in CD4+ T cells remodels the tumor microenvironment and restrains cancer progression.
    [Nature]

    Abstract

    Detecting
    Tumor Antigen-Specific T Cells via Interaction-Dependent Fucosyl-Biotinylation

    Through an interaction-dependent labeling approach, intratumoral TSA-reactive CD4+, CD8+ T cells, and TSA-suppressive CD4+ T cells could be detected and separated from bystander T cells based on their cell-surface enzymatic fucosyl-biotinylation.
    [Cell]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    Regulatory
    T Cells for Minimising Immune Suppression in Kidney Transplantation: Phase I/IIa Clinical Trial

    The assessment included incidence of biopsy confirmed acute rejection, assessment of natural regulatory T cell infusion related adverse effects, and signs of over immunosuppression.
    [British Medical Journal]

    Full Article

    Regulatory
    T Cell-Derived TGF-β1 Controls Multiple Checkpoints Governing Allergy and Autoimmunity

    The mechanisms by which regulatory T (Treg) cells differentially control allergic and autoimmune responses remain unclear. Researchers showed that Treg cells in food allergy had decreased expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) because of interleukin-4- and signal transducer and activator of transciription-6-dependent inhibition of Tgfb1 transcription.
    [Immunity]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    Selective
    SIRPα Blockade Reverses Tumor T Cell Exclusion and Overcomes Cancer Immunotherapy Resistance

    Scientists report a potent synergy between selective SIRPα blockade and immune checkpoint blockade in increasing memory T cell responses and reverting exclusion in syngeneic and orthotopic tumor models.
    [Journal of Clinical Investigation]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    HIV-1
    Env Induces Pexophagy and an Oxidative Stress Leading to Uninfected CD4+ T Cell Death

    Investigators demonstrated that envelope glycoproteins (Env)-induced oxidative stress was responsible for their death by apoptosis. Moreover, they report that peroxisomes, organelles involved in the control of oxidative stress, are targeted by Env-mediated autophagy.
    [Autophagy]

    Abstract

    An
    Acquired and Endogenous Glycocalyx Forms a Bidirectional “Don’t Eat” and “Don’t Eat Me” Barrier to Phagocytosis

    Researchers report that certain ligands could be obscured by the glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins that coat pathogenic as well as malignant phagocytic targets.
    [Current Biology]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    TNF
    Receptor 1 Promotes Early-Life Immunity and Protects against Colitis in Mice

    The single deletion of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) 1 induced subclinical colonic epithelial dysfunction and mucosal immune abnormalities, including accumulation of neutrophils and depletion of B cells.
    [Cell Reports]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Temporal
    Analysis of Brd4 Displacement in the Control of B Cell Survival, Proliferation, and Differentiation

    Scientists demonstrated that apoptosis induced by JQ1 was solely attributed to the pro-apoptotic protein Bim. Conversely, cell-cycle regulation by JQ1 was associated with multiple Myc-associated gene targets.
    [Cell Reports]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    USP19
    Suppresses Inflammation and Promotes M2-Like Macrophage Polarization by Manipulating NLRP3 Function via Autophagy

    Investigators report that ubiquitin-specific protease 19 acted as an anti-inflammatory switch that inhibited inflammatory responses and promoted M2-like macrophage polarization.
    [Cellular & Molecular Immunology]

    Abstract

    New human primary cell products—frozen leukopaks, regulatory T cells, and more. Click to view products.
    REVIEWS

    Rethinking
    Peripheral T Cell Tolerance: Checkpoints across a T Cell’s Journey

    Scientists compare and contrast the T cell tolerance checkpoints and discuss their specific roles, with the aim of providing an integrated view of T cell peripheral tolerance and fate regulation.
    [Nature Reviews Immunology]

    Abstract

    Anti-Inflammatory Signaling through G Protein-Coupled Receptors

    The authors summarize what they have learned about GPCRs that transduce anti-inflammatory signals, their structures and signaling pathways and the prospect of targeting these receptors for novel anti-inflammatory therapies.
    [Acta Pharmacologica Sinica]

    Abstract

    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS


    ASLAN Pharmaceuticals to Develop ASLAN003 as Next Generation DHODH Inhibitor in Autoimmune Conditions

    ASLAN Pharmaceuticals announced that it plans to develop ASLAN003, its next generation inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, in autoimmune conditions, such as multiple sclerosis.
    [ASLAN Pharmaceuticals]

    Press Release

    FEATURED EVENT

    Keystone
    Symposia: Harnessing the Microbiome for Disease Prevention and Therapy

    January 18 – January 20, 2021
    Virtual


    > See All Events

    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Postdoctoral
    Associate – Immune Modulatory Therapies

    Houston Methodist Research Institute – Houston, Texas, United States

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy

    H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute – Tampa, Florida, United States


    Postdoctoral Fellowship – Innate Immunity and DNA Repair

    Stockholm University – Stockholm, Sweden

    Research
    Positions – Cancer and Immunotherapy

    Terasaki Research Institute – Los Angeles, California, United States

    Scientist Position – Skin Immunology

    University of California, Davis – Sacramento, California, United States

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