Immune Regulation News Volume 13.11 | Mar 26 2021

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    IRN 13.11 | Mar 26 2021


    Immune Regulation News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 13.11 – 26 March, 2021
    TOP STORY

    Auto-Aggressive CXCR6+ CD8 T Cells Cause Liver Immune Pathology in NASH

    Using a preclinical mouse model that displayed key features of human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, researchers found an indispensable role for T cells in liver immunopathology.
    [Nature]

    Abstract

    Request your free copy of the 'Regulatory T Cells' Wallchart
    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    NASH Limits Anti-Tumor Surveillance in Immunotherapy-Treated HCC

    The authors report the progressive accumulation of exhausted, unconventionally activated CD8+PD1+ T cells in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-affected livers.
    [Nature]

    Full Article

    Genetically Engineered Myeloid Cells Rebalance the Core Immune Suppression Program in Metastasis

    Scientists demonstrated that IL12-GEMy treatment reverses immune suppression in the pre-metastatic niche by activating antigen presentation and T cell activation, resulting in reduced metastatic and primary tumor burden and improved survival of tumor-bearing mice.
    [Cell]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    The Complement System Drives Local Inflammatory Tissue Priming by Metabolic Reprogramming of Synovial Fibroblasts

    Investigators defined the molecular and cellular mechanisms of this inflammation-mediated tissue priming. Re-exposure to inflammatory stimuli caused aggravated arthritis in rodent models.
    [Immunity]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    The Ubiquitin Ligase MDM2 Sustains STAT5 Stability to Control T Cell-Mediated Antitumor Immunity

    Scientists report that mice with MDM2 deficiency in T cells exhibit accelerated tumor progression and a decrease in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cell survival and function.
    [Nature Immunology]

    Abstract

    Trispecific CD19-CD20-CD22–Targeting duoCAR-T Cells Eliminate Antigen-Heterogeneous B Cell Tumors in Preclinical Models

    Researchers engineered trispecific duoCAR-T cells with lentiviral vectors encoding two CAR open reading frames that target CD19, CD20, and CD22.
    [Science Translational Medicine]

    Abstract

    Chimeric STAR Receptors Using TCR Machinery Mediate Robust Responses against Solid Tumors

    The authors constructed a double-chain chimeric receptor, termed as synthetic T cell receptor (TCR) and antigen receptor (STAR), which incorporated antigen-recognition domain of antibody and constant regions of TCR that engaged endogenous CD3 signaling machinery.
    [Science Translational Medicine]

    Abstract

    Lymphangiogenesis-Inducing Vaccines Elicit Potent and Long-Lasting T Cell Immunity against Melanomas

    In mouse melanoma models, VEGFC vax elicited potent tumor-specific T cell immunity and provided effective tumor control and long-term immunological memory.
    [Science Advances]

    Full Article

    The AP-1 Transcription Factors C-Jun and JunB Are Essential for CD8α Conventional Dendritic Cell Identity

    In mice, Jun proteins regulated extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which controlled CD8α conventional dendritic cell (cDC)1 diversification, whereas CD103 cDC1 development was unaffected.
    [Cell Death & Differentiation]

    Full Article

    The Microbiota Is Dispensable for the Early Stages of Peripheral Regulatory T Cell Induction within Mesenteric Lymph Nodes

    Using an adoptive transfer-based peripherally induced Treg (pTreg) induction system, scientists demonstrated that neither transfer of a dysbiotic microbiota nor dietary SCFA supplementation modulated the pTreg induction capacity of mesenteric lymph nodes.
    [Cellular & Molecular Immunology]

    Full Article

    Neddylation Pathway Alleviates Chronic Pancreatitis by Reducing HIF1α-CCL5-Dependent Macrophage Infiltration

    The authors demonstrated that global inactivation of neddylation pathway by MLN4924 significantly exacerbated chronic pancreatitis. The increased M2 macrophage infiltration, mediated by the upregulated chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), was responsible for the enhanced pancreatitis-promoting activity of MLN4924.
    [Cell Death & Disease]

    Full Article

    The PI3K∂-Selective Inhibitor Idelalisib Induces T- and NK-Cell Dysfunction Independently of B-Cell Malignancy-Associated Immunosuppression

    PI3K∂ blockade by idelalisib reduced the expression levels of inhibitory checkpoint molecules in T cells isolated from both healthy donors and chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients.
    [Frontiers in Immunology]

    Full Article

    Adiponectin-Expressing Treg Facilitate T Lymphocyte Development in Thymic Nurse Cell Complexes

    Adoptive transfer of adiponectin-expressing Treg precursors effectively attenuated obesity, improved glucose and insulin tolerance, prevented fatty liver injuries in wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet, and significantly inhibited breast cancer development in MMTV-PyVT transgenic mice.
    [Communications Biology]

    Full Article

    Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-1 Mimetic Peptides Attenuate Lymphocyte Activation in the MRL/lpr Mouse Autoimmune Model

    Using Fas deficient, MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/J mice, which developed lupus-like disease spontaneously, investigators tested the hypothesis that a peptide mimic of the suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 kinase inhibitory region would inhibit lymphocyte activation and modulate lupus-associated pathologies.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

    Loss of QKI in Macrophage Aggravates Inflammatory Bowel Disease through Amplified ROS Signaling and Microbiota Disproportion

    Researchers demonstrated that the mice with macrophage-specific deletion of QKI induced with dextran sodium sulfate were more susceptible to inflammatory bowel disease development.
    [Cell Death & Discovery]

    Full Article

    Use ImmunoCultâ„¢ to differentiate mouse CD4+ cells to Tregs.
    REVIEWS

    RNA Dysregulation: An Expanding Source of Cancer Immunotherapy Targets

    The authors highlight the expanding repertoire of tumor antigens arising from RNA dysregulation and introduce multiomic and big data strategies for identifying optimal immunotherapy targets.
    [Trends in Pharmacological Sciences]

    Full Article

    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Terns Announces Initiation of Dosing in Phase I Clinical Trial of TERN-501, its THR-Beta Agonist in Development for the Treatment of NASH

    Terns Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the initiation of dosing in a Phase I clinical trial evaluating TERN-501, a selective thyroid hormone receptor beta (THR-β) agonist with high metabolic stability, enhanced liver distribution and greater selectivity for THR-β when compared with other THR-β agonists in development.
    [Terns Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Intrado GlobeNewswire LLC.)]

    Press Release

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    Postdoctoral Fellow Position – B Cell Biology

    University of Toronto – Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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    Dana-Farber Cancer Institute – Boston, Massachusetts, United States

    Postdoc/Research Scientist – Immunology

    H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute – Tampa, Florida, United States

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