Immune Regulation News Volume 13.12 | Apr 9 2021

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    IRN 13.12 | Apr 9 2021


    Immune Regulation News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 13.12 – 9 April, 2021
    TOP STORY

    CAR Directs T Cell Adaptation to Bile Acids in the Small Intestine

    Scientists identified the nuclear xenobiotic receptor CAR as a regulator of MDR1 expression in T cells that could safeguard against bile acid toxicity and inflammation in the mouse small intestine.
    [Nature]

    Abstract

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    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    A Distal Foxp3 Enhancer Enables Interleukin-2 Dependent Thymic Treg Cell Lineage Commitment for Robust Immune Tolerance

    The authors report that IL-2 – STAT5 signaling converged on an enhancer during Foxp3 induction.
    [Immunity]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    TAP Dysfunction in Dendritic Cells Enables Noncanonical Cross-Presentation for T Cell Priming

    Researchers found that protective CD8+ T cells could be mobilized during viral infection even when TAP was absent in all hematopoietic cells.
    [Nature Immunology]

    Abstract

    Single-Cell Profiling of Myeloid Cells in Glioblastoma across Species and Disease Stage Reveals Macrophage Competition and Specialization

    Scientists employed single-cell RNA sequencing and CITE-seq to map the glioblastoma immune landscape in mouse tumors and in patients with newly diagnosed disease or recurrence.
    [Nature Neuroscience]

    Abstract

    Reprogramming Lipid Metabolism Prevents Effector T Cell Senescence and Enhances Tumor Immunotherapy

    Investigators report that development of T cell senescence driven by both malignant tumor cells and regulatory T cells was a general feature in cancers
    [Science Translational Medicine]

    Abstract

    Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell Fate and Function Are Controlled by DC-SCRIPT

    The authors showed that mice lacking dendritic cell (DC)-SCRIPT displayed substantially impaired development of IRF8–dependent conventional DC (cDC)1, whereas cDC2 numbers increased marginally.
    [Science Immunology]

    Full Article

    A Tumor-Specific Mechanism of Treg Enrichment Mediated by the Integrin αvβ8

    Researchers describe a mechanism for Treg enrichment in mouse and human tumors mediated by the αvβ8 integrin.
    [Science Immunology]

    Abstract

    A Cross-Talk between CAR T Cell Subsets and the Tumor Microenvironment Is Essential for Sustained Cytotoxic Activity

    Scientists report an essential cross-talk between CAR T cell subsets and the tumor microenvironment for tumor control in an immunocompetent mouse B cell lymphoma model of anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy.
    [Science Immunology]

    Abstract

    Monocyte Progenitors Give Rise to Multinucleated Giant Cells

    Researchers showed that the giant cell-forming potential was a particular trait of monocyte progenitors.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    UDP-Glucose and P2Y14 Receptor Amplify Allergen-Induced Airway Eosinophilia

    The authors showed that UDP-glucose, a nucleotide sugar, was selectively released into the airways of allergen-sensitized mice upon their subsequent challenge with that same allergen.
    [Journal of Clinical Investigation]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Calcineurin Inhibitors Suppress Acute Graft-vs-Host Disease via NFAT-Independent Inhibition of T Cell Receptor Signaling

    Investigators utilized T cells from mice that expressed LckS59A, which could not accept a phosphate at residue 59, to initiate acute graft-versus-host disease.
    [Journal of Clinical Investigation]

    AbstractFull ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Fibroblast Activation Protein α-Targeted CD40 Agonism Abrogates Systemic Toxicity and Enables Administration of High Doses to Induce Effective Anti-tumor Immunity

    Researchers developed a bispecific FAP-CD40 antibody, which induced CD40 stimulation solely in presence of fibroblast activation protein α (FAP), a protease specifically expressed in the tumor stroma.
    [Clinical Cancer Research]

    Abstract

    The Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-37 Is an Inhibitor of Trained Immunity

    The authors showed that administration of recombinant IL-37 abrogated the protective effects of TI in vivo, as revealed by reduced host pro-inflammatory responses and survival to disseminated candidiasis.
    [Cell Reports]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Myeloma-Secreted Galectin-1 Potently Interacts with CD304 on Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells

    Scientists investigated the interaction between CD304 expression on myeloid-derived suppressor cells and galectin-1 from malignant plasma cells in the context of autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma.
    [Cancer Immunology Research]

    Abstract

    Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Breaking Immune Tolerance in Inborn Errors of Immunity

    Investigators demonstrated that ZIP8 was specifically upregulated in CD4+ T cells that infiltrated the inflamed joint and that ZIP8 deficiency in CD4+ T cells abrogated collagen-induced arthritis.
    [Experimental & Molecular Medicine]

    Full Article

    Explore scientific events this April with the Science Events Calendar.
    REVIEWS

    Systemic Immunity in Cancer

    Emerging evidence suggests that immunotherapy drives new immune responses rather than the reinvigoration of pre-existing immune responses. Scientists comprehensively outline the current knowledge of systemic immunity in cancer.
    [Nature Reviews Cancer]

    Full Article

    Tissue Regulatory T Cells: Regulatory Chameleons

    The deepening knowledge of tissue Treg cell biology will inform ongoing attempts to harness Treg cells for precision immunotherapeutics.
    [Nature Reviews Immunology]

    Abstract

    Adaptive Immunity at the Crossroads of Autophagy and Metabolism

    The authors summarize and discuss the versatile roles of autophagy in regulating cellular metabolism and the implications of autophagy for immune cell function and fate, especially for T and B lymphocytes.
    [Cellular & Molecular Immunology]

    Full Article

    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    City of Hope Enters Licensing Agreements with CytoImmune Therapeutics Inc. to Develop Portfolio of Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Natural Killer Therapies

    City of Hope and CytoImmune Therapeutics Inc. have entered into worldwide exclusive license agreements to several patent applications related to methods to generate large numbers of fully functional natural killer (NK) cells derived from umbilical cord blood and compositions of chimeric receptors (CAR) for targeting NK cells to tumors.
    [CytoImmune Therapeutics, Inc. (BusinessWire, Inc)]

    Press Release

    FEATURED EVENT

    European Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility Conference

    April 21 – 23, 2021
    Virtual

    > See All Events

    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Innate Immunology

    Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne – Lausanne, Switzerland

    Senior/Scientist – Pulmonary Immunobiology

    Translate Bio – Lexington, Massachusetts, United States

    Postdoctoral Position – Gene and Cell Therapy Development for Treatment of Primary Immune Deficiencies

    NIH National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases – Bethesda, Maryland, United States

    Postdoctoral Fellow Position – B Cell Biology

    University of Toronto – Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Research Fellow – RNA Biology

    Dana-Farber Cancer Institute – Boston, Massachusetts, United States

    > See All Jobs

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