Immune Regulation News Volume 13.23 | Jun 25 2021

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    2021-06-25 | IRN 13.23


    Immune Regulation News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 13.23 – 25 June, 2021
    TOP STORY

    A Local Regulatory T Cell Feedback Circuit Maintains Immune Homeostasis by Pruning Self-Activated T Cells

    In lymph nodes, self-activated T cells produced interleukin-2, which enhanced local Treg proliferation and inhibitory functionality.
    [Cell]

    Abstract
    Learn about immunological considerations for hPSC banking by watching Dr. David Turner's webinar from the Nature Research Round Table on hPSC Quality
    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    A Variant in Human AIOLOS Impairs Adaptive Immunity by Interfering with IKAROS

    Using mice that bear the corresponding variant and recapitulate the B and T cell phenotypes, researchers showed that the mutant AIOLOS homodimers and AIOLOS–IKAROS heterodimers did not bind the canonical AIOLOS–IKAROS DNA sequence.
    [Nature Immunology]

    Abstract

    Generation of Systemic Antitumour Immunity via the In Situ Modulation of the Gut Microbiome by an Orally Administered Inulin Gel

    he authors showed in multiple murine tumor models that inulin-a widely consumed dietary fiber-formulated as a ‘colon-retentive’ orally administered gel could effectively modulate the gut microbiome in situ, induced systemic memory-T-cell responses and amplified the antitumour activity of the checkpoint inhibitor anti-programmed cell death protein-1.
    [Nature Biomedical Engineering]

    Abstract

    Nuclear ADP-Ribosylation Drives IFNγ-Dependent STAT1α Enhancer Formation in Macrophages

    Investigators found that the interferon gamma-regulated transcriptional program in macrophages was controlled by ADP-ribosylation of STAT1α, a post-translational modification resulting in the site-specific covalent attachment of ADP-ribose moieties.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    The RNA m6A Reader YTHDF2 Controls NK Cell Antitumor and Antiviral Immunity

    The authors discovered that YTHDF2, a well-known N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader, was upregulated in NK cells upon activation by cytokines, tumors, and cytomegalovirus infection.
    [Journal of Experimental Medicine]

    Abstract

    Roles of TET and TDG in DNA Demethylation in Proliferating and Non-Proliferating Immune Cells

    By analyzing inducible gene-disrupted mice, researchers showed that DNA demethylation during primary T cell differentiation occured mainly through passive replication-dependent dilution of all three oxi-mCs, with only a negligible contribution from DNA glycosylase.
    [Genome Biology]

    Full Article

    Dual Oxidase 1 Promotes Antiviral Innate Immunity

    Researchers showed that Duox1 promoted antiviral innate immunity in vivo. Upon influenza airway challenge, Duox1−/− mice had enhanced mortality, morbidity, and impaired lung viral clearance.
    [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]

    Abstract

    The Glutathione Peroxidase Gpx4 Prevents Lipid Peroxidation and Ferroptosis to Sustain Treg Cell Activation and Suppression of Antitumor Immunity

    Scientists reported that glutathione peroxidase 4 prevented Treg cells from lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in regulating immune homeostasis and antitumor immunity.
    [Cell Reports]

    Full Article

    Targeted Delivery of Regulatory Macrophages to Lymph Nodes Interferes with T Cell Priming by Preventing the Formation of Stable Immune Synapses

    Delivery of regulatory macrophages (Mregs) completely abolished the priming of cognate CD8 cells and strongly reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. Mreg-mediated T cell suppression requiresd cell-cell contact-regulated nitric oxide production.
    [Cell Reports]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Conditional Depletion of Macrophages Ameliorates Cholestatic Liver Injury and Fibrosis via lncRNA-H19

    Scientists showed that monocyte/macrophage CD11B mRNA levels were increased significantly in livers of biliary atresia patients and positively correlated with the progression of liver inflammation and fibrosis.
    [Cell Death & Disease]

    Full Article

    12-Lipoxygenase Governs the Innate Immune Pathogenesis of Islet Inflammation and Autoimmune Diabetes

    Investigators showed that macrophages contributed significantly to the loss of β-cells and the subsequent development of hyperglycemia. Depletion or inhibition of 12-LOX in this model resulted in reduced macrophage infiltration into islets and the preservation of β-cell mass.
    [JCI Insight]

    AbstractFull ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Inhibition of Host Ogr1 Enhances Effector CD8+ T-cell Function by Modulating Acidic Microenvironment

    A highly acidified microenvironment of melanoma induced the expression of G-protein-coupled receptor in T cells, which weakened their effective function and promoted tumor growth.
    [Cancer Gene Therapy]

    Full Article

    Genetic Engineering of Porcine Endothelial Cell Lines for Evaluation of Human-to-Pig Xenoreactive Immune Responses

    A porcine endothelial cell was characterized and immortalized for genetic modification. Five genes including GGTA1, CMAH, β4galNT2, SLA-I α chain, and β2-microglobulin that were responsible for the production of major xenoantigens were sequentially disrupted in immortalized porcine endothelial cells using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

    Activate, expand, and differentiate your cells with cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors from STEMCELL Technologies.
    REVIEWS

    A Reasoned Approach to the Treatment of Autoimmune Hepatitis

    Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic inflammatory liver disease affecting all ages, characterized by elevated transaminase and immunoglobulin G levels, positive autoantibodies, interface hepatitis on histology and good response to immunosuppressive treatment.
    [Digestive and Liver Disease]

    Abstract

    Cellular and Metabolic Mechanisms of Nutrient Actions in Immune Function

    The authors describe recently published information describing the mechanism of action of prominent nutritional intervention agents where evidence exists as to their action and potency.
    [European Journal of Clinical Nutrition]

    Full Article
    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Corbus Pharmaceuticals Announces Topline Results from DETERMINE Phase III Study of Lenabasum for Treatment of Dermatomyositis

    Corbus Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. announced topline results from the Phase III DETERMINE study of lenabasum in adults with the rare, heterogeneous, autoimmune disease dermatomyositis.
    [Corbus Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc.]

    Press Release

    Invivoscribe Launches Grant Program to Support Novel Applications for Sequence-Based Analyses of the Immune System

    Invivoscribe announced the launch of an Immune Biomarker Discovery grant program, focused on supporting development, validation and deployment of novel applications for use of their distributed LymphoTrack® NGS products and bioinformatics software.
    [Invivoscribe, Inc.]

    Press Release
    FEATURED EVENT

    Melbourne Immunotherapy Network (MIN)

    August 6 – 7, 2021
    Marysville, Victoria, Australia

    > See All Events

    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Postdoctoral Position – Modeling Autism Spectrum Disorder

    Weill Cornell Medical College – New York, New York, United States

    Postdoctoral Positions – Cellular, Molecular and Digital Medicine

    Research Center for Molecular Medicine – Vienna, Austria

    Senior Research Scientist/Principal Scientist – Immunology

    Hummingbird Bioscience – Singapore, Singapore

    Postdoctoral Fellow – B Cell Immunology

    University of Gothenburg – Gothenburg, Sweden

    Research Assistant – Gene Therapy

    University of Oxford – Oxford, England, United Kingdom

    > See All Jobs

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