Immune Regulation News Volume 3.43 | Nov 25 2011

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    Immune Regulation News 3.43, November 25, 2011
         In this issue: Publications | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Recipient’s Immune System Governs Stem Cell Regeneration
    A new study describes how different types of immune system T-cells alternately discourage and encourage stem cells to regrow bone and tissue, bringing into sharp focus the importance of the transplant recipient’s immune system in stem cell-based regeneration. [Press release from the University of Southern California discussing online prepublication in Nature Medicine] Press Release | Abstract

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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by Impact Factor of the Journal)

    Natural Killer Cells Act as Rheostats Modulating Antiviral T Cells
    Here researchers examine the roles of natural killer cells in regulating T-cell-dependent viral persistence and immunopathology in mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, an established model for human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus infections in humans. [Nature] Abstract

    Lyn Is a Redox Sensor that Mediates Leukocyte Wound Attraction In Vivo
    Here investigators identify the Src family kinase Lyn as a redox sensor that mediates initial neutrophil recruitment to wounds in zebrafish larvae. [Nature] Abstract | Press Release

    Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) Drives the Development of Gut ILC22 Cells and Postnatal Lymphoid Tissues via Pathways Dependent on and Independent of Notch
    Here researchers found that Ahr−/− mice had a considerable deficit in innate lymphoid cell 22 (ILC22) cells that resulted in less secretion of interleukin 22 and inadequate protection against intestinal bacterial infection. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

    The Redox-Sensitive Cation Channel TRPM2 Modulates Phagocyte ROS Production and Inflammation
    Here scientists report that TRPM2, a nonselective and redox-sensitive cation channel, inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in phagocytic cells and prevented endotoxin-induced lung inflammation in mice. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

    Enforced Viral Replication Activates Adaptive Immunity and Is Essential for the Control of a Cytopathic Virus
    Researchers found that enforced viral replication in marginal zone macrophages was an immunological mechanism that ensured the production of sufficient antigen for effective activation of the adaptive immune response. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

    Crosstalk between B Lymphocytes, Microbiota and the Intestinal Epithelium Governs Immunity versus Metabolism in the Gut
    Researchers found that, in the absence of B cells, or of IgA, and in the presence of the microbiota, the intestinal epithelium launches its own protective mechanisms, upregulating interferon-inducible immune response pathways and simultaneously repressing Gata4-related metabolic functions. [Nat Med] Abstract

    A Mechanism for Glycoconjugate Vaccine Activation of the Adaptive Immune System and Its Implications for Vaccine Design
    In this study, the researchers’ discovery of how glycoconjugates are processed resulting in presentation of carbohydrate epitopes that stimulate CD4+ T cells has key implications for glycoconjugate vaccine design that could result in greatly enhanced vaccine efficacy. [Nat Med] Abstract

    An Interleukin-21- Interleukin-10-STAT3 Pathway Is Critical for Functional Maturation of Memory CD8+ T Cells
    This study shows that the interleukin-10 (IL-10)-IL-21-STAT3 pathway is critical for memory CD8+ T cell development after acute LCMV infection. [Immunity] Abstract

    Eomesodermin Controls Interleukin-5 Production in Memory T Helper 2 Cells through Inhibition of Activity of the Transcription Factor GATA3
    Here investigators show that memory T helper 2 cells are divided into four subpopulations by CD62L and CXCR3 expression. All four subpopulations produced interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13, whereas only the CD62LloCXCR3lo population produced IL-5 accompanied by increased H3-K4 methylation at the Il5 gene locus. [Immunity] Abstract

    Glucocorticoid Therapy of Antigen-Induced Arthritis Depends on the Dimerized Glucocorticoid Receptor in T Cells
    Using cell type-specific glucocorticoid receptor-deficient mice subjected to antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) as a model of human rheumatoid arthritis, researchers show that glucocorticoid action on T cells but not myeloid cells is critical for therapeutic intervention in AIA. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

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    SCIENCE NEWS
    Galapagos’ GLPG0634 Shows Excellent Efficacy and Safety in Rheumatoid Arthritis Phase II Study
    Galapagos NV announced that its JAK1 inhibitor, GLPG0634, achieved the primary endpoint of significant improvement in the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. [Galapagos NV] Press Release

    INDUSTRY NEWS

    Pfizer Announces European Medicines Agency Acceptance of Regulatory Submission for Tofacitinib for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
    Pfizer Inc. announced that its Market Authorization Application for tofacitinib (development code CP-690,550), a novel, oral JAK inhibitor being studied for the treatment of moderate-to-severe active rheumatoid arthritis, has been validated by the European Medicines Agency. [Pfizer Inc.] Press Release

    MSRCNY Receives Approval for Groundbreaking Stem Cell Trial in Multiple Sclerosis
    The Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of New York (MSRCNY) and the International Cellular Medicine Society (ICMS) jointly announced the ICMS Institutional Review Board’s approval of the first study to use autologous brain-like or neural stem cells for multiple sclerosis. [International Multiple Sclerosis Management Practice] Press Release

    U-M Medical School and MedImmune Join Forces to Accelerate Search for New Therapies
    Leaders from the University of Michigan (U-M) Medical School and MedImmune, the global biologics arm of AstraZeneca, have signed a new agreement to work together on a broad range of projects. [University of Michigan Health System] Press Release

    POLICY NEWS

    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

    EVENTS
    NEW Dutch Society for Immunology Annual Meeting 2011
    December 14-15, 2011
    Noordwijkerhout, Netherlands

    Visit
    our events page to see a complete list of events in the immune regulation community.

    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Lab Technologist – Tissue Culture (STEMCELL Technologies)

    Research and Development Technologist, hPSC Media (STEMCELL Technologies) 


    Lab Technologist – Pluripotent Stem Cells (STEMCELL Technologies)

    Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cells (STEMCELL Technologies)

    Business Analyst – Product Management (STEMSOFT Software)  

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology & Inflammation (SRI International)

    Postdoctoral Fellow (University of Cincinnati)

    Assistant Professor – Immunology (University of Saskatchewan)

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