Immune Regulation News Volume 4.03 | Jan 27 2012

Synthetic Mast-Cell Granules as Adjuvants to Promote and Polarize Immunity in Lymph Nodes
Here researchers show that submicrometer particles modeled after mast cell granules augment immunity when used as adjuvants in vaccines. [Nat Mater] Abstract | Press Release

A Self-Reinforcing Regulatory Network Triggered by Limiting IL-7 Activates Pre-BCR Signaling and Differentiation
Here researchers demonstrate that in precursor to the B cell antigen receptor (pre-BCR), the interleukin 7 (IL-7) receptor but not the pre-BCR was coupled to phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase and the kinase Akt; signaling by this pathway inhibited expression of recombination-activating gene 1 (Rag1) and Rag2. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

Transcription Factor RORα Is Critical for Nuocyte Development
Here investigators found that nuocytes arose in the bone marrow and differentiated from common lymphoid progenitors, which indicates they are distinct, previously unknown members of the lymphoid lineage. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

Notch Activation by the Metalloproteinase ADAM17 Regulates Myeloproliferation and Atopic Barrier Immunity by Suppressing Epithelial Cytokine Synthesis
Here researchers have shown that keratinocyte-specific deletion of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (Adam17) triggers T helper 2 and/or T helper 17 cell-driven atopic dermatitis and myeloproliferative disease. [Immunity] Abstract

SUMO-Specific Protease 1 Is Critical for Early Lymphoid Development through Regulation of STAT5 Activation
Here, scientists show that small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-specific protease 1 is essential for the development of early T and B cells. [Mol Cell] Abstract

Necrotizing Enterocolitis Is Characterized by Disrupted Immune Regulation and Diminished Mucosal Regulatory (FOXP3)/Effector (CD4, CD8) T Cell Ratios
The objective of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that abnormal developmental regulation of lamina propria FOXP3 T regulatory cells would define premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis. [Gut] Abstract

Scaffold Protein Disc Large Homolog 1 Is Required for T-Cell Receptor-Induced Activation of Regulatory T-Cell Function
Foxp3⁺CD4⁺CD25^high regulatory T cell suppression of inflammation depends on T-cell receptor-mediated nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 activation with reduced Akt activity. Researchers investigated the role of the scaffold protein Disc large homolog 1 in linking the T-cell receptor to this unique signaling outcome. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentially Mediate Regulatory T Cells and Conventional Effector T Cells to Protect Fully Allogeneic Islet Grafts in Mice
Researchers investigated the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on effector T cells and regulatory T cells, and the molecular mechanisms involved in the distinct regulation of these two cell populations by MSCs in vivo and in vitro. [Diabetologia] Abstract

OX40 Ligand and Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Expression on Inflammatory Dendritic Cells Regulates CD4 T Cell Cytokine Production in the Lung during Viral Disease
Using a mouse model in which vaccination with vaccinia virus vectors expressing the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion protein (rVVF) or attachment protein (rVVG) leads to type 1- or type 2-biased cytokine responses, respectively, upon RSV challenge, researchers found expression of CD40 and OX40 ligand on lung inflammatory dendritic cells was higher in rVVF-primed mice than in rVVG-primed mice early after RSV challenge, whereas the reverse was observed later in the response. [J Immunol] Abstract

Dendritic Cells with TGF-β1 and IL-2 Differentiate Naive CD4+ T Cells into Alloantigen-Specific and Allograft Protective Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells
Researchers established mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR) with dendritic cells (DCs) as stimulators and CD4+ T cells as responders and supplemented the MLR with IL-2 and TGF-β1 and investigated whether DCs+IL-2+TGF-β1 differentiate the polyclonal CD4+ cells into alloantigen-specific and allograft protective Tregs. [Transplantation] Abstract

Broad Institute Awarded $32.5 Million Grant to Launch New ‘Cell Observatory’
The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT announced that it has received a $32.5 million grant from the Boston-based Klarman Family Foundation to support a new collaborative effort focused on deciphering how human cells are wired. [Broad Institute] Press Release

Celgene to Acquire Avila Therapeutics
Celgene Corporation and Avila Therapeutics, Inc. announced a definitive merger agreement under which Celgene Corporation will acquire Avila Therapeutics, Inc. [Celgene Corporation] Press Release

Academic Institutions Won Most of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine’s $1.3 Billion in Awards over Past Five Years
Focus of California’s stem cell agency has been on setting up a foundation for leadership. [Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News] Press Release

La Jolla Institute Scientist Takes Quest to Conquer Type 1 Diabetes to the Next Level
La Jolla Institute scientist Matthias von Herrath, M.D. has long dreamed of seeing his discoveries translated into new therapies to better treat type 1 diabetes. Dr. von Herrath may soon get his chance as head of a new translational type 1 diabetes center to be opened in Seattle in 2012 by Novo Nordisk. [La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology] Press Release

Targeting Inflammation and Immune Activation in HIV Disease (U01) (RFA-AI-12-007) [National Institutes of Health, United States]

National Institutes of Health (United States)

Food and Drug Administration (United States)

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the immune regulation community.

Research and Development Technologist, hPSC Media (STEMCELL Technologies)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cells (STEMCELL Technologies)

Business Analyst – Product Management (STEMSOFT Software)  

Research Technologist, Manufacturing Sciences (STEMCELL Technologies)

Immunology Investigator (BloodCenter of Wisconsin)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Program in Children’s Regenerative Medicine (The University of Texas Medical School at Houston)

Postdoctoral Positions in Allergy and Immunology (University of Southern California)

Postdoctoral Position – Department of Immunology (University Hospital Jena)


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