Immune Regulation News Volume 5.46 | Nov 29 2013

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    Immune Regulation News 5.46 November 29, 2013

    Pulmonary Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    CD28 and ITK Signals Regulate Autoreactive T Cell Trafficking
    The authors demonstrated that the CD28 co-stimulatory pathway regulates the trafficking of self-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (Ctla4)−/− T cells to tissues. Concurrent ablation of the CD28-activated Tec family kinase ITK does not block spontaneous T cell activation but instead causes self-reactive Ctla4−/− T cells to accumulate in secondary lymphoid organs. [Nat Med] Abstract
    Free Sample: The Only Kit to Isolate Th17 Cells Without Cell Activation

     
    PUBLICATIONS ( Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Neonatal Fc Receptor Expression in Dendritic Cells Mediates Protective Immunity against Colorectal Cancer
    The authors demonstrated that neonatal Fc receptor for Immunoglobulin G (FcRn) within dendritic cells was critical for homeostatic activation of mucosal CD8+ T cells that drove protection against the development of colorectal cancers and lung metastases. [Immunity] Abstract | Grpahical Abstract

    Intratumoral IL-12 Combined with CTLA-4 Blockade Elicits T Cell-Mediated Glioma Rejection
    Using a syngeneic mouse model for glioblastoma (GB), investigators tested whether local delivery of cytokines could render the immunosuppressive GB microenvironment conducive to an antitumor immune response. IL-12 but not IL-23 reversed GB-induced immunosuppression and led to tumor clearance. [J Exp Med] Abstract | Press Release

    TSC1 Regulates the Balance between Effector and Regulatory T Cells
    Investigators found that T cell-specific deletion of the gene encoding tuberous sclerosis 1 (TSC1), an upstream negative regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin, resulted in augmented Th1 and Th17 differentiation and led to severe intestinal inflammation in a colitis model. [J Clin Invest] Full Article

    Skin Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Initiates Th2 Responses through an Orchestrated Immune Cascade
    By dissecting the cellular network triggered by mouse skin thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in vivo, researchers uncovered that TSLP-promoted IL-4 induction in CD4+ T cells in skin-draining lymph nodes is driven by an orchestrated ‘DC-T-Baso-T’ cascade, which represents a sequential cooperation of dendritic cells (DCs), CD4+ T cells and basophils. [Nat Commun] Abstract

    Synthesis and Delivery of Short, Noncoding RNA by B Lymphocytes
    Scientists demonstrated that primary B lymphocytes can be genetically programmed with nonviral plasmid DNA for the biogenesis and delivery of antisense sequences against microRNA-150 (miR-150). Within 18 hours of transfection with an anti-miR-150 construct, primary B lymphocytes secrete ~3,000 copies of anti-miR-150 molecules per cell. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract | Press Release

    Restoration of Intrahepatic Regulatory T Cells through MMP-9/13-Dependent Activation of TGF-β Is Critical for Immune Homeostasis following Acute Liver Injury
    Investigators addressed how regulatory T cells (Tregs) are involved in the progression of liver injury and repair. In the acute phase, intrahepatic Tregs (CD4+FoxP3+Helios+) diminished promptly through apoptosis, which was followed by inflammation and tissue injury. [J Mol Cell Biol] Abstract

    Macrophages Are More Potent Immune Suppressors Ex Vivo than Immature Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Induced by Metastatic Murine Mammary Carcinomas
    Scientists used all-trans retinoic acid to differentiate myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mice bearing metastatic 4T1 or 4TO7 murine mammary tumors, and assessed the immune-suppressive mechanisms and potencies of different myeloid cell subpopulations. [J Immunol] Abstract

    Leptin Deficiency Impairs Maturation of Dendritic Cells and Enhances Induction of Regulatory T and Th17 Cells
    The authors investigated whether leptin mediates its activity on T cells by influencing dendritic cells (DCs) to promote Th17 and regulatory T (Treg) cell immune responses in mice. They observed that leptin deficiency reduced the expression of DC maturation markers, decreased DC production of IL-12, TNF-α and IL-6, increased DC production of TGF-β, and limited the capacity of DCs to induce syngeneic CD4+ T-cell proliferation. [Eur J Immunol] Abstract

    TSP1-Producing B Cells Show Immune Regulatory Property and Suppress Allergy-Related Mucosal Inflammation
    Researchers aimed to elucidate the role of the thrombospondin (TSP)1-producing B cells in the immune regulatory role of specific immunotherapy (SIT). The results showed that after SIT, the frequency of CD35+ B cells was increased in the intestine of mice with food allergy. [Sci Rep] Full Article

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    A New System for High-Throughput Cell Isolation Directly from Whole Blood

     
    REVIEWS
    Controlling Immune Responses by Targeting Antigens to Dendritic Cell Subsets and B Cells
    Delivering antigens in vivo by coupling them to mAbs specific for unique receptors on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is a promising approach for modulating immune responses. The authors focus on the literature surrounding the control of B-cell responses when antigen is delivered to various APC subsets. [Int Immunol] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation field.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Advaxis Announces Initiation of Phase I/II Trial of ADXS-HPV in Head and Neck Cancer Conducted by Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
    Advaxis, Inc. announced that the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai will initiate a Phase I/II study of ADXS-HPV in 25 patients with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-positive head and neck cancer, a type of cancer which is increasing at an epidemic rate. [Advaxis, Inc.] Press Release

    UMMS Technology Licensed to Develop Cancer Immunotherapies
    UMass Medical School (UMMS) has licensed “anti-gal” technology developed by Uri Galili, PhD, professor of surgery and medicine, to newly formed biopharmaceutical company Agalimmune Ltd. for the purpose of developing innovative immunotherapies for the treatment of solid tumor cancers. [UMass Medical School] Press Release

    ARMO BioSciences Initiates Phase I Clinical Trial of First-In-Class Cancer Immunotherapy
    ARMO BioSciences, Inc. announced that it initiated the first cohort of patients with advanced solid tumors in a Phase I clinical trial of AM0010, a PEGylated form of recombinant human interleukin-10. [PR Newswire Association LLC] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW 44th Annual Meeting of German Society for Immunology
    September 17-20, 2014
    Bonn, Germany

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the immune regulation community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    PhD Student – Principle Mechanisms of the Mucosal Immune System in Allergen Tolerance (Helmholtz Zentrum München)

    Postdoctoral Research Position – Immunology (SANOFI R&D)

    Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Immunology Research (The Babraham Institute)

    Postdoctoral Fellowship – Immune Regulation by Extracellular Matrix Proteins (Johns Hopkins University)

    PhD Studentship – Systems Biology and Lymphocyte Activation (University of Oxford)

    Tenure-Track Faculty Position – Women’s Infectious Disease Research (Washington University School of Medicine)

    Research Studentship – Imaging Membrane Lipid in Activating T Cells (King’s College London)

    Postdoctoral Position – Lymphocyte Motility (INSERM)

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Immunotherapy (Washington University School of Medicine)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Ripk1 in Innate Immune Responses and Necroptosis (University of Massachusetts Medical School)

    PhD/Postdoctoral Positions – Quantitative T-Cell Immunology (University of Leeds)

    PhD Research Position – Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Immune Tolerance and Autoimmunity (Weizmann Institute of Science)

    Research Technologist – Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate/Scientist – Antibodies Group (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Particle Chemistry (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)


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