Immune Regulation News Volume 6.29 | Aug 8 2014

Nitric Oxide Enhances Th9 Cell Differentiation and Airway Inflammation
Scientists show that ​nitric oxide (​NO) promotes Th9 cell polarization of murine and human ​CD4⁺ T cells. ​NO de-represses the tumor suppressor gene ​p53 via nitrosylation of ​Mdm2. [Nat Commun] Abstract

​Jarid2 Is Induced by TCR Signaling and Controls iNKT Cell Maturation
Researchers show that ​Jarid2 is upregulated upon TCR stimulation and during positive selection in the thymus. Mice lacking ​Jarid2 in T cells display an increase in the frequency of ​IL-4-producing ​promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger^hi immature invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and innate-like CD8⁺ cells. [Nat Commun] Abstract

Single-Cell Imaging of Caspase-1 Dynamics Reveals an All-or-None Inflammasome Signaling Response
Researchers conducted single-cell imaging using a genetic fluorescence resonance energy transfer sensor that detects caspase-1 activation. They determined that caspase-1 exhibits all-or-none (digital) activation at the single-cell level, with similar activation kinetics irrespective of the type of inflammasome or the intensity of the stimulus. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Liver Metastases Induce Reversible Hepatic B Cell Dysfunction Mediated by Gr-1⁺CD11b⁺ Myeloid Cells
Scientists characterized HBC and HBC/CD11b⁺MC interactions using a murine model of LM. Tumor-bearing livers showed a trend toward elevated absolute numbers of CD19⁺ HBC. [J Leukoc Biol] Abstract

The S1P₁ Receptor-Selective Agonist CYM-5442 Reduces the Severity of Acute GvHD by Inhibiting Macrophage Recruitment
Researchers investigated the effect of an sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)₁-selective agonist, CYM-5442, on the progression of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD). CYM-5442 did not affect the infiltration of the donor T cells into the target organs, while the number of macrophages in GvHD organs was significantly reduced by CYM-5442 treatment. [Cell Mol Immunol] Abstract

Germinal Center B Cell Depletion Diminishes CD4⁺ Follicular T Helper Cells in Autoimmune Mice
Given the pathogenic role follicular CD4⁺ T helper (Tfh) play in autoimmune disease, researchers explored whether B cells are required for maintenance of autoreactive Tfh. Their data suggest that the number of mature autoreactive Tfh cells is controlled by germinal center B cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

Ursolic Acid Ameliorates Autoimmune Arthritis via Suppression of Th17 and B Cell Differentiation
Scientists examined the effects of ursolic acid on collagen-induced arthritis in mice, and aimed to identify the mechanisms underlying the effects. [Acta Pharmacol Sin] Full Article

Subscribe to our sister publications:
Human Immunology News and Immunology of Infectious Disease News!

The Mucosal Immune System in the Oral Cavity – An Orchestra of T Cell Diversity
Resesearchers summarize the features of the mucosal immune system, focusing on T cell subsets and their functions. They also discuss our current understanding of the oral-pharyngeal mucosal immune system. [Int J Oral Sci] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field.

TapImmune’s New Clinical Trial in Advanced Stage Ovarian Cancer Expands the Use of Folate Receptor Alpha Peptide Antigens
TapImmune Inc. announced that a new grant funded Phase I clinical study on the safety and Immunogenicity of folate receptor alpha peptide vaccine in patients with advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer has started at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester. [TapImmune Inc. (Business Wire)] Press Release

From our sponsor:
View immunology lectures, protocols and other resources on the Human Immunology Portal.

Food and Drug Administration (United States)

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the immune regulation community.

Assistant Editor – Nature Biotechnology (Nature Publishing Group)

Postdoctoral Position – Macrophages Functions (Cochin Institute)

PhD Studentship – Regulation of Metabolism and Inflammation in Innate Immune Cells (Goethe-University Frankfurt)

PhD Studentship – Cancer Immunology (Cardiff University)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Virology (Cardiff University)

Postdoctoral Position – Human Heart Transplantation Immunology (Columbia University)

Principal Investigator Positions – Systems & Synthetic Biology (Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer)

Postdoctoral Scientist – Immune Focused In Vitro Analytics (Celentyx Ltd.)

Scientist – Recombinant Molecules and Antibodies (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Media Development, High Throughput Screening (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Cell Culture Support Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach more than 50,000 potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.