Immune Regulation News Volume 7.08 | Mar 6 2015

Blocking IL-6 trans-Signaling Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Adipose Tissue Macrophage Recruitment but Does Not Improve Insulin Resistance
Scientists showed that trans-signaling recruited macrophages into adipose tissue (ATM). Moreover, blocking trans-signaling with soluble gp130Fc protein prevented high-fat diet-induced ATM accumulation, but did not improve insulin action. [Cell Metab] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

The Cholesterol Transporter ​ABCG1 Links ​Cholesterol Homeostasis and Tumor Immunity
Investigators showed that reduced tumor growth in ​ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (​Abcg1)^−/− mice was myeloid cell intrinsic and was associated with a phenotypic shift of the macrophages from a tumor-promoting M2 to a tumor-fighting M1 within the tumor. [Nat Commun] Abstract

Generation of Cellular Immune Memory and B-Cell Immunity Is Impaired by Natural Killer Cells
Researchers showed that mouse natural killer cells inhibited generation of long-lived virus-specific memory T- and B cells as well as virus-specific antibody production after acute infection. [Nat Commun] Abstract

Coincidental Loss of DOCK8 Function in NLRP10-Deficient and C3H/HeJ Mice Results in Defective Dendritic Cell Migration
Using a proteomic approach, researchers discovered that dendritic cells from Nlrp10 (NLR family, pyrin domain containing 10) knockout mice lacked the guanine nucleotide exchange factor DOCK8 (dedicator of cytokinesis 8), which regulated cytoskeleton dynamics in multiple leukocyte populations; in humans, loss-of-function mutations in Dock8 resulted in severe immunodeficiency. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Nuclear Matrix Binding Protein SMAR1 Regulates T-Cell Differentiation and Allergic Airway Disease
The authors report an essential role of the matrix attachment region (MAR)-binding protein SMAR1 in regulating immune response during allergic airway disease. Conditional knockout of SMAR1 in T cells rendered the mice resistant to eosinophilic airway inflammation against ovalbumin allergen with low immunoglobulin E and interleukin-5 levels. [Mucosal Immunol] Full Article

Control of IL-17 Receptor Signaling and Tissue Inflammation by the p38α-MKP-1 Signaling Axis in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis
Researchers describe the time- and tissue-specific roles of the mitogen-activated protein kinase p38α in mediating T helper 17 cell-induced tissue inflammation. [Sci Signal] Abstract

miR-21 Controls In Situ Expansion of CCR6⁺ Regulatory T Cells through PTEN/AKT Pathway in Breast Cancer
Investigators reported that miR-21 was highly expressed in CCR6⁺ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in tumor tissues from a murine breast cancer model and silencing of miR-21 could significantly reduce the proliferation of CCR6⁺ Tregs in vitro. [Immunol Cell Biol] Abstract

Tolerance of Activated Pathogenic CD4⁺ T Cells by Transcriptional Targeting of Dendritic Cells
The authors demonstrate that targeted expression of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein to dendritic cells with self-inactivating-lentivirus vectors induces tolerance of activated antigen-specific CD4⁺ T cells and completely protects mice from passive experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induction. [Gene Ther] Abstract

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BioMmune Announces Anti-Cancer Activity Achieved by Restoring Immune Recognition and Killing of Tumor Cells
BioMmune Technologies Inc. has demonstrated in vivo, effective anti-cancer activity induced by new small molecule drugs that make cancer cells more visible to the immune system. [BioMmune Technologies Inc. (Marketwire LP)] Press Release

arGEN-X Expands Preclinical Pipeline with ARGX-115: A Novel Simple Antibody™ for Cancer Immunotherapy
arGEN-X N.V. announced that it has exercised its option to exclusively license a first-in-class, preclinical therapeutic antibody candidate, now ARGX-115, to target GARP, a novel immune checkpoint with potential in cancer immunotherapy. [arGEN-X N.V.] Press Release

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Scientist – Recombinant Molecules and Antibodies (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Media Development, High Throughput Screening (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Cell Culture Support Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

PhD Studentship – Mouse Models of Asthma (University of Queensland)

Lecturer – Cancer Immunology (Plymouth University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy (Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Associate – Oligonucleotide Aptamer-Based Compounds to Protect Tumor Vaccine-Induced Immune Cells (University of Miami)

Director – Vector Production (Sangamo BioSciences, Inc.)

Senior Process Development Engineer (Sangamo BioSciences, Inc.)

Assistant/Associate Professor – Gastroenterology (North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – HIV and Ebolavirus (University of Missouri)

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