Immune Regulation News Volume 7.20 | Jun 5 2015

IL-2 Is a Critical Regulator of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Function during Pulmonary Inflammation
Researchers sought to understand the role of IL-2 in the regulation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) function in the lung. They determined the effect of IL-2 administration on pulmonary ILC2 numbers and function in mice in the steady state and after challenge with IL-33. [J Allergy Clin Immunol] Abstract | Press Release

An IL-27/Lag3 Axis Enhances Foxp3⁺ Regulatory T Cell–Suppressive Function and Therapeutic Efficacy
Scientists report that interleukin (IL)-27, an IL-12 family cytokine known to have both pro- and anti-inflammatory roles in T cells, plays a pivotal role in enhancing regulatory T cell function to control T cell–induced colitis, a model for inflammatory bowel disease in humans. [Mucosal Immunol] Abstract

Critical Roles of Chemoresistant Effector and Regulatory T Cells in Antitumor Immunity after Lymphodepleting Chemotherapy
Investigators demonstrated that both regulatory T cells (Tregs) and effector CD8⁺ T cells from lymphopenic recipients play critical roles in the development of antitumor immunity after lymphodepletion. Cyclophosphamide (CPA) treatment depleted lymphocytes more efficiently than other cytotoxic agents; however, the percentage of CD4⁺CD25⁺ Foxp3⁺ Tregs was significantly increased in CPA-treated lymphopenic mice. [J Immunol] Abstract

B Lymphocytes Are Required during the Early Priming of CD4⁺ T Cells for Clearance of Pneumocystis Infection in Mice
Using adoptive transfer and B cell depletion strategies, researchers determined that optimal priming of CD4⁺ T cells requires B cells during the first two to three days of infection and that this was independent of the production of Ab. [J Immunol] Abstract

Tumor-Specific Th2 Responses Inhibit Growth of CT26 Colon-Cancer Cells in Mice via Converting Intratumor Regulatory T Cells to Th9 Cells
Scientists investigated the role of cancer specific T helper (Th)2 response in the inhibition of colon cancer (Cca) cell growth. The results showed that with Cca cell extracts as an antigen, the Cca-extract specific Th2 response was induced in the Cca-bearing mice. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Endotoxic Shock-Expanded Murine CD11c^lowCD45RB⁺ Regulatory Dendritic Cells Modulate Inflammatory T Cell Responses through Multiple Mechanisms
The authors showed that endotoxic shock promotes the expansion of CD11c^lowCD45RB⁺ cells with dendritic morphology and the production of low levels of inflammatory cytokines and costimulatory molecules. The expanded cells induced the generation of regulatory T cells, showed incapability to stimulate T cells, and induced apoptosis of CD4⁺ T cells in vitro. [Sci Rep] Full Article

FOXP3⁺ T Cells Recruited to Sites of Sterile Skeletal Muscle Injury Regulate the Fate of Satellite Cells and Guide Effective Tissue Regeneration
Researchers assessed the role of the adaptive immune system in muscle regeneration after acute damage. They showed that T lymphocytes are transiently recruited into the muscle after damage and appear to exert a pro-myogenic effect on muscle repair. [PLoS One] Full Article

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Natural Killer T Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Animal Model, Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
A desirable outcome of immunotherapy would be to protect against disease prior to its clinical manifestation or to halt disease after its initiation. One attractive approach to accomplish this goal would be to restore tolerance by targeting immunoregulatory cell networks. [Immunology] Abstract | Full Article

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Momenta Pharmaceuticals Announces Oral and Poster Presentations Relating to Novel Autoimmune Programs
Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that new data from studies of the company’s novel autoimmune programs will be presented. [Press release from Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc. discussing research to be presented at the 16^th European League against Rheumatism (EULAR) Annual Congress, Rome] Press Release

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LDC and Qurient Close License Agreement on Novel Anti-Cancer Compound
The Lead Discovery Center GmbH (LDC) and Qurient Co., Ltd. have signed a license deal providing Qurient with exclusive worldwide rights to a series of highly-selective CDK7 inhibitors discovered at the LDC for the treatment of cancer, inflammation and viral infections. [Lead Discovery Center GmbH] Press Release

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NEW Associate Director/Director – Immunology (Valera)

Scientist – Immunology and Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Associate – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

PhD Position – Molecular Immunology (VIB – Ghent University)

Head Stem Cells Immunotherapies Service Lab (NHS Blood and Transplant)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immune Reconstitution in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (Stanford University)

Process Facilitator (Opexa Therapeutics)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immune Tolerance (Stanford University)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (Boston Children’s Hospital)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunopathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (University of Iowa)

Senior Scientist – Immunology (National Institute of Immunology)

Assistant Professor – Immunology (Northwestern University)

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