Immune Regulation News Volume 8.03 | Jan 29 2016

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    Immune Regulation News 8.03 January 29, 2016

    Immune Regulation News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Viral Infection during Pregnancy Causes Autism-Like Behaviors in Mice by Triggering Key Immune Reaction
    Researchers found that activation in pregnant mice of a particular immune response, similar to what may occur with certain viral infections during pregnancy, alters the brain structure of the mouse offspring and causes behavioral changes, reminiscent of those observed in humans with autism spectrum disorder. [Press release from the University of Massachusetts Medical School discussing online prepublication in Science] Press Release | Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Cancer Immunosurveillance by Tissue-Resident Innate Lymphoid Cells and Innate-Like T Cells
    Researchers showed that cell transformation triggers a tissue-resident lymphocyte response in oncogene-induced murine cancer models. Non-circulating cytotoxic lymphocytes, derived from innate, T cell receptor (TCR)αβ, and TCRγδ lineages, expand in early tumors. [Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

    PD-1 Immune Checkpoint Blockade Reduces Pathology and Improves Memory in Mouse Models of Alzheimer’s Disease
    Using mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease, investigators showed that immune checkpoint blockade directed against the programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway evokes an interferon-γ–dependent systemic immune response, which is followed by the recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages to the brain. [Nat Med]
    Abstract | Editorial

    Autophagy Enforces Functional Integrity of Regulatory T Cells by Coupling Environmental Cues and Metabolic Homeostasis
    Investigators showed that autophagy is active in regulatory T (Treg) cells and supports their lineage stability and survival fitness. Treg cell–specific deletion of Atg7 or Atg5, two essential genes in autophagy, leads to loss of Treg cells, greater tumor resistance and development of inflammatory disorders. [Nat Immunol]
    Abstract | Press Release

    Epigenetic Regulation of the Expression of Il12 and Il23 and Autoimmune Inflammation by the Deubiquitinase Trabid
    Deletion of Zranb1 (which encodes Trabid) in dendritic cells inhibited induction of the expression of Il12 and Il23 by Toll-like receptors, which impaired the differentiation of inflammatory T cells and protected mice from autoimmune inflammation. [Nat Immunol] Abstract | Press Release

    MHC-Compatible Bone Marrow Stromal/Stem Cells Trigger Fibrosis by Activating Host T Cells in a Scleroderma Mouse Model
    Researchers showed that transplantation of MHC compatible, minor antigen mismatched bone marrow stromal/stem cells (BMSCs) play a role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. T cells proliferated and secreted IL-6 when stimulated with mismatched BMSCs in vitro. [eLife] Full Article

    Diversity of the CD4 T Cell Alloresponse: The Short and the Long of It
    Investigators report that direct-pathway CD4 T cell alloresponses, as well as indirect-pathway responses against MHC class II alloantigen, are curtailed by rapid elimination of donor hematopoietic antigen-presenting cells. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

    Overlapping Signatures of Chronic Pain in the DNA Methylation Landscape of Prefrontal Cortex and Peripheral T Cells
    Researchers tested the hypothesis that epigenetic mechanisms in the brain and the immune system are associated with chronic pain. [Sci Rep] Full Article | Press Release

    Species-Dependent Role of Type I IFNs and IL-12 in the CTL Response Induced by Humanized CpG Complexed with β-Glucan
    Investigators elucidated the cellular immunological mechanisms by which K3-SPG induce such potent CD8+ T-cell responses to co-administered antigen. By focusing on two DC subsets, plasmacytoid DCs and CD8α+ DCs, as well as the secreted cytokines, IFN-α and IL-12, they found that a nano-particulate complex between CpG oligodeoxynucleotide and mushroom derived β-glucan schizophyllan strongly activates mouse plasmacytoid DCs to secrete IFN-α and CD8α+ DCs to secrete IL-12 respectively. [Eur J Immunol] Abstract

    Vaccination with a Co-Expression DNA Plasmid Containing GAD65 Fragment Gene and IL-10 Gene Induces Regulatory CD4+ T Cells that Prevent Experimental Autoimmune Diabetes
    Scientists explored the potential mechanisms of an optimized co-expression DNA vaccine containing GAD65 fragment gene and IL-10 gene (SGAD65190-315/IL-10) diabetes-preventive effect in non-obese diabetic mice. Their data suggested that SGAD65190-315/IL-10 DNA vaccine had protective effects on type 1 diabetes by up-regulating autoantigen-reactive regulatory T cells. [Diabetes Metab Res Rev] Abstract

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    REVIEWS
    Regulating T Cell Behavior
    The potent immunoregulatory functions of FoxP3+CD4+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) have prompted the design of strategies to isolate Tregs from patients with autoimmune disease, expand the cells to large numbers in vitro, and then infuse the Tregs back into the patient. The impact of the Treg infusion on the course of the type 1 diabetes in patients remains to be determined during longer follow-up. [Am J Transplant] Abstract | Full Article

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field.

     
    SCIENCE NEWS
    Genticel Reports Initial Results at 12 Months from Phase II Trial of HPV Immunotherapeutic Candidate, GTL001
    Genticel announced initial results from the ongoing randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled Phase II clinical study of its immunotherapeutic candidate, GTL001, designed to clear HPV 16 and/or 18 infection. [Genticel] Press Release

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    INDUSTRY NEWS
    ImmunoCellular Therapeutics Enters into a Sponsored Research Agreement with the University of Maryland, Baltimore to Pursue Multiple Enhancements of Its Cancer Immunotherapy Platforms
    ImmunoCellular Therapeutics, Ltd. announced it has entered into a sponsored research agreement with the University of Maryland School of Medicine, and the University of Maryland, Baltimore. The agreement includes three projects, which together have the potential to improve the efficacy of dendritic cell, T-cell, and combination immunotherapies for cancer and lead to enhancements to both of ImmunoCellular’s dendritic cell and Stem-to-T-cell platforms. [ImmunoCellular Therapeutics, Ltd.] Press Release

    PCI Biotech and Ultimovacs Initiates Preclinical Research Collaboration
    PCI Biotech and Ultimovacs announced that they are initiating a preclinical research collaboration. The preclinical research collaboration will evaluate technology compatibility and synergy based on in vivo studies. [PCI Biotech] Press Release

    DDK 60 Million Awarded for Four Interdisciplinary Research Projects
    The Novo Nordisk Foundation has awarded grants for four interdisciplinary research projects under the Interdisciplinary Synergy Program. Each project receives up to DKK 15 million per year for three years. [Novo Nordisk Foundation] Press Release

    Clovis Oncology Initiates Immunotherapy Combination Trial
    Clovis Oncology, Inc. announced that it initiated a clinical trial to evaluate a novel combination therapy of Genentech’s investigational cancer immunotherapy atezolizumab and rociletinib for the treatment of advanced EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. [Clovis Oncology, Inc.] Press Release

    Immunicum Gives a Status Update from the Ongoing Phase II Study (MERECA) in Metastatic Kidney Cancer and Reports Significantly Simplified Vaccine Cell Handling
    Immunicum AB reported a significantly improved vaccine cell handling and gave a status update from the ongoing Phase II study (MERECA) with the cancer immune primer INTUVAX in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. [Immunicum AB] Press Release

     
    POLICY NEWS
    MD Anderson Joins Nation’s Cancer Centers in Endorsement of HPV Vaccination for Cancer Prevention
    In response to low national vaccination rates for the human papillomavirus (HPV), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center has joined with the 68 other National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated cancer centers in issuing a statement calling for increased HPV vaccination for the prevention of cancer. [The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center] Press Release | Statement

    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW 3rd Immunotherapy of Cancer Conference (ITOC)
    March 21-23, 2016
    Munich, Germany

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the immune regulation community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Position – Immunology/Molecular Biology (National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute)

    Senior Scientist – Immunology and Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate – Treg Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis (University College London)

    Research Associate – T Cell Therapy for Hematological Malignancies (University College London)

    Assistant or Associate Professor – Immunity and Tolerance (Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center)

    Research Fellow – Immunology (Boston Children’s Hospital Harvard Medical School)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Cell Therapy (Toronto Western Hospital)

    Postdoctoral Position – Immunology (Indiana University)

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Immunity (Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School)

    Postdoctoral Position РImmunotherapy Targeting Cancer Stem Cells (Ecole Polytechnique F̩d̩rale de Lausanne)

    Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Immunotherapy (Bayer HealthCare AG)


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