Immune Regulation News Volume 8.20 | Jun 3 2016

TOP STORY

Calcium Signals Balance the Body’s Response to Infection Against Potential for Self-Attack

Researchers found that a certain type of calcium-based signal regulated the production of two immune cell types: T follicular helper cells that drive the body’s massive reaction to invading organisms, and T follicular regulatory cells, which ramp that reaction down as soon as infection is finished. [Press release from NYU Langone Medical Center discussing online prepublication in Immunity] Press Release | Abstract | Graphical Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

A Cholesterol-Based Allostery Model of T Cell Receptor Phosphorylation

Investigators showed that cholesterol bound to the T cell receptor (TCR)β transmembrane region keeps the TCR in a resting, inactive conformation that cannot be phosphorylated by active kinases. [Immunity] Abstract | Graphical Abstract | Press Release

Follicular B Lymphomas Generate Regulatory T Cells via the ICOS/ICOSL Pathway and Are Susceptible to Treatment by Anti-ICOS/ICOSL Therapy

Investigators analyzed 46 fresh lymph node biopsy samples including follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, classical Hodgkin lymphoma and reactive lymphadenitis. [Cancer Res] Abstract

Foxp3 Is a Key Downstream Regulator of p53-Mediated Cellular Senescence

Researchers report a novel function of the forkhead transcription factor Foxp3, which is a key player in mediating T-cell inhibitory functions, in p53-mediated cellular senescence. [Oncogene] Abstract

Enhanced Immunoregulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by IL-10-Producing Type 1 Regulatory T Cells in Collagen-Induced Arthritis

Through a comparative analysis of regulatory T and IL-10-producing type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells, investigators hypothesized that Tr1 cells enhance the immunoregulatory functions of mesenchymal stem cells, and that a combinatorial approach to cell therapy may exert synergistic immunomodulatory effects in an experimental animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Dynamic Changes in Immune Cell Profile in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immunomodulatory Effects of Chemotherapy

Researchers investigated the proportion and activation status of peripheral immune regulatory cells and CD8⁺ T cell subsets in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using a multicolor flow cytometer, and then evaluated how docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil therapy modulated the immune cell profile in peripheral blood. [Cancer Sci] Abstract

PLGA Nanoparticles Modified with a TNFα Mimicking Peptide, Soluble Leishmania Antigens and MPLA Induce T Cell Priming In Vitro via Dendritic Cell Functional Differentiation

Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) were surface-modified with a TNFα mimicking peptide, and encapsulated soluble Leishmania antigens and MPLA adjuvant. The synthesized PLGA NPs exhibited low cytotoxicity levels, while surface-modified NPs were more efficiently taken up by dendritic cells (DCs). [Eur J Pharm Biopharm] Abstract

Analysis of the In Vivo Turnover of CD4⁺ T-Cell Subsets in Chronically SIV-Infected Sooty Mangabeys

To assess the relationship between the turnover of CD4⁺ subsets and immunological homeostasis during simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in non-progressive hosts, investigators treated six SIV-uninfected and nine SIV-infected sooty mangabeys with 2′-bromo-5′-deoxyuridine for 14 days and longitudinally assessed CD4⁺ T-cell subset turnover by polychromatic flow cytometry. [PLoS One] Full Article

Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Type 1 IFN Promote Peripheral Expansion of Foxp3⁺ Regulatory T Cells Specific for the Ubiquitous RNA-Binding Nuclear Antigen La/SS-B

Serologic tolerance to one such antigen, La/SS-B (La), is controlled by CD4⁺ T cells. Researchers investigated peripheral tolerance to human La (hLa) by tracking the fate of hLa-specific CD4⁺ T cells expressing the transgenic 3B5.8 T cell receptor after adoptive transfer into lymphocyte-replete recipient mice expressing hLa as a neo-self antigen. [Clin Exp Immunol] Abstract

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mTOR Inhibitors Effects on Regulatory T Cells and on Dendritic Cells

Two main immunologic cell populations have been reported to play a central role in this setting: regulatory T cells (Tregs) and dendritic cells (DCs). The authors focus on the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors effects on Treg and DCs differentiation, activation, and function in the transplantation setting. [J Transl Med] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field.

Acetylon Collaborators Publish ASCO Abstracts Demonstrating Immunomodulatory Properties of Ricolinostat in Preclinical Melanoma Models

Acetylon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the publication of two abstracts describing preclinical studies that demonstrate the potential for histone deacetylase 6 inhibition with ricolinostat (ACY-1215) to augment immunotherapy approaches for the treatment of melanoma. [Press release from Acetylon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Business Wire) discussing research presented at 2016 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

TxCell and the Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology Launch Collaboration to Develop CAR-Tregs in Bullous Pemphigoid

TxCell SA announces the signature of a strategic R&D collaboration agreement with the Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology. This specific collaboration agreement covers the development of a CAR-regulatory T cells (Treg)-based cellular immunotherapy for bullous pemphigoid, a rare, potentially fatal autoimmune disease characterized by tense inflammatory skin blisters and in some patients, erosions on mucous membranes. [TxCell SA] Press Release

Comprehensive Collaboration Agreement between Osaka University and Chugai

Osaka University and Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. announced the conclusion of a comprehensive collaboration agreement for advanced research in immunology between the Osaka University Immunology Frontier Research Center and Chugai. [Osaka University] Press Release

NEW 18^th International Conference on Immunology (ICI) 2016
December 12-13, 2016
Bangkok, Thailand

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the immune regulation community.

NEW PhD Position or Postdoctoral Fellowship – Immunology with Focus on Autoimmunity (University of Oslo)

Technical Sales Representative (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technologist – T Cell Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Bioengineering (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Senior Scientist – Immunology and Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral/Senior Postdoctoral Fellow Positions – CD8 Biology, CD4 Plasticity, and T Cell Receptor Signaling (Georgia Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Transforming Growth Factor β on the Regulation of T Cell Response (Inserm)

Post Doctoral Research – Fellow Thymic and Immune Regeneration (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (New York University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Regulation of γδ T Cell Phenotype and Trafficking in Breast Cancer Metastasis (Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute)

Faculty Positions – Microbiology and Immunology (National University of Singapore)

Postdoctoral Researchers – Tumor Immunology and Cancer Immunotherapy (University of California, Los Angeles)

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