Immune Regulation News Volume 8.24 | Jul 8 2016

TOP STORY

Asynchronous Combinatorial Action of Four Regulatory Factors Activates Bcl11b for T Cell Commitment

To clarify lineage commitment mechanisms, scientists followed developing T cells at the single-cell level using Bcl11b knock-in fluorescent reporter mice. Notch signaling and Notch-activated transcription factors collaborate to activate Bcl11b expression irrespectively of Notch-dependent proliferation. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

TNFα Priming Enhances CD4⁺FoxP3⁺ Regulatory T Cell Suppressive Function in Murine GvHD Prevention and Treatment

The authors hypothesized that inflammatory conditions in graft versus host disease (GvHD) modify regulatory T cell (Treg) characteristics and activity. They found that peripheral blood of recipient animals during acute GvHD induces Treg activation and enhances their function. [Blood] Abstract

Sunitinib Enhances the Antitumor Responses of Agonistic CD40-Antibody by Reducing MDSCs and Synergistically Improving Endothelial Activation and T-Cell Recruitment

Investigators showed that combining agonistic CD40 monoclonal antibody therapy with vascular targeting using the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib decreased tumor growth and improved survival in B16.F10 melanoma and T241 fibrosarcoma. [Oncotarget] Full Article

Gut Inflammation in Mice Triggers Proliferation and Function of Mucosal Foxp3⁺ Regulatory T Cells but Impairs their Conversion from CD4⁺ T Cells

Colitis was induced by DSS in DEREG transgenic mice. Regulatory Foxp3⁺CD4⁺ T cells (Tregs) ablation and transfer experiments showed that Tregs could limit the severity of colitis in B6 mice. [J Crohns Colitis] Abstract

Enlarged Colitogenic T Cell Population Paradoxically Supports Colitis Prevention through the B-Lymphocyte-Dependent Peripheral Generation of CD4⁺Foxp3⁺ Treg cells

Using RAG-knockout mice as recipients of either splenocytes exclusively depleted of CD25⁺ cells or FACS-purified CD4⁺CD25⁻Foxp3⁻ T cells, the authors found that the augmentation of potentially colitogenic naïve T cell numbers in the inoculum was unexpectedly beneficial for the suppression of colon disease and maintenance of immune homeostasis. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Role of IL-10-Producing Regulatory B Cells in Modulating T-Helper Cell Immune Responses during Silica-Induced Lung Inflammation and Fibrosis

Scientists comprehensively showed the role of IL-10-producing regulatory B cell (B10) in a silicosis model of mice. B10 was inducible by silica instillation. Insufficient B10 amplified inflammation and attenuated lung fibrosis by promoting the T-helper 1 immune response. [Sci Rep] Full Article

ZBTB32 Restricts the Duration of Memory B Cell Recall Responses

Researchers demonstrated that the transcription factor ZBTB32 limits the rapidity and duration of Ab recall responses. ZBTB32 is highly expressed by mouse and human memory B cells but not by their naive counterparts. [J Immunol] Abstract

Sam68 Is a Regulator of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling

Researchers identified Sam68 as a novel regulator of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. They found that TLR2 and TLR3 are totally dependent, whereas TLR4 is only partially dependent on Sam68 to induce the activation of NF-κB c-Rel. [Cell Mol Immunol] Full Article

Amelioration of Autoimmune Arthritis by Adoptive Transfer of Foxp3-Expressing Regulatory B Cells Is Associated with the Treg/Th17 Cell Balance

Over-expression of Foxp3 conferred a contact-dependent suppressive ability on proliferation of responder T cells. Down-regulation of Foxp3 by shRNA caused a profound induction in proliferation of responder T cells. [J Transl Med] Full Article

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Targeting MicroRNAs as Key Modulators of Tumor Immune Response

The authors describe the most important microRNAs (miRNAs) acting as critical modulators of immune response in the context of different solid tumors. In particular, they discuss recent studies that have demonstrated the existence of miRNA-mediated mechanisms regulating the recruitment and the activation status of specific tumor-associated immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. [J Exp Clin Cancer Res] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field.

AnaptysBio Initiates Multiple Ascending Dose Cohorts In ANB020 Phase I Clinical Trial

AnaptysBio, Inc. announced the initiation of multiple ascending dose cohorts in an on-going double-blind, placebo-controlled healthy volunteer Phase I study of its proprietary anti-interleukin-33 antibody. [AnaptysBio, Inc.] Press Release

New Data Suggests Improved Tumor Response for the Combination of AZIXA^® and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Treatment of Cancer

Immune Pharmaceuticals Inc. demonstrated that the combination of Azixa^® and immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-CTLA-4 antibody resulted in enhanced activity compared to the activity elicited by the single agents alone, independent of the dose of Azixa^®. [Immune Pharmaceuticals Inc.] Press Release

Ligand Enters into OmniAb^® Platform License Agreement with Gilead Sciences

Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated announced it has entered into a worldwide license agreement with Gilead Sciences, Inc. Under the license, Gilead will be able to use the OmniRat^®, OmniMouse^® and OmniFlic^® platforms to discover fully human mono- and bispecific antibodies to be developed for the treatment of various diseases. [Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated] Press Release

Juno Therapeutics Reports Clinical Hold on the JCAR015 Phase II ROCKET Trial

Juno Therapeutics, Inc. announced that it has received notice from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration that a clinical hold has been placed on the Phase II clinical trial of JCAR015 in adult patients with relapsed or refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, known as the “ROCKET” trial. [Juno Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

NEW EMBO Conference: Innate Lymphoid Cells
November 30-December 2, 2016
Berlin, Germany

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the immune regulation community.

NEW Senior Faculty Leadership Position – Immunology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

NEW Post Doctoral Research Fellow – T Cell Immunotherapy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Immunology (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität)

NEW Assistant or Associate Professor – Cancer Immunology (University of Virginia)

Technical Sales Representative (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technologist – T Cell Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Bioengineering (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Senior Scientist – Immunology and Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (Stanford University)

Research Post Doctoral Fellow – Molecular Immunology/Cell Signaling (Baylor Scott & White Health)

Postdoctoral Scientist – Novel Immune Modulating Drugs (Celenlyx)

Postdoctoral/Senior Postdoctoral Fellow Positions – CD8 Biology, CD4 Plasticity, and T Cell Receptor Signaling (Georgia Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Transforming Growth Factor β on the Regulation of T Cell Response (Inserm)

Post Doctoral Research – Fellow Thymic and Immune Regeneration (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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