Immunology of Infectious Disease News Volume 2.20 | May 28 2014

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    Immunology of Infectious Disease News 2.20 May 28, 2014

    Immunology of Infectious Disease News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Scientists Identify Potential Vaccine Candidate for Pediatric Malaria
    Researchers have identified a substance, or antigen, that generates antibodies that can hinder the ability of malaria parasites to multiply, which may protect against severe malaria infection. The antigen, known as PfSEA-1, was associated with reduced parasite levels among children and adults in malaria-endemic areas. [Press release from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases discussing online publication in Science] Press Release | Abstract
    Free Nature Reviews Immunology Poster: The Immune Response to HIV

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Tetherin Promotes the Innate and Adaptive Cell-Mediated Immune Response against Retrovirus Infection In Vivo
    Investigators showed that Tetherin influences antiretroviral cell-mediated immune responses. In contrast to the direct antiviral effects of Tetherin, which are dependent on cell surface expression, the immunomodulatory effects are linked to the endocytosis of the molecule. [J Immunol] Abstract

    Lymphopenia Associated with Highly Virulent H5N1 Virus Infection Due to Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell-Mediated Apoptosis of T Cells
    Scientists found that lethal H5N1, but not nonlethal H5N1, virus infection in mice enhances Fas ligand expression on plasmacytoid dendritic cells, resulting in apoptosis of influenza-specific CD8+ T cells via a Fas-FasL-mediated pathway. [J Immunol] Abstract

    Eosinophils Are Recruited in Response to Chitin Exposure and Enhance Th2-Mediated Immune Pathology in Aspergillus fumigatus Infection
    CD4+ T cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of Af5517-aspirated mice displayed decreased interferon gamma secretion and increased interleukin-4 transcription. In addition, repeated aspirations of Af5517 induced lung transcription of the T helper 2 (Th2)-associated chemokines CCL11 (eotaxin) and CCL22 (macrophage-derived chemokine). [Infect Immun] Abstract

    An ENU-Induced Splicing Mutation Reveals a Role for Unc93b1 in Early Immune Cell Activation following Influenza A H1N1 Infection
    Scientists used Unc93b1Letr/Letr mice to study the role of Unc93b1 in the immune response to influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1), an important global respiratory pathogen. During the early phase of infection, Unc93b1Letr/Letr mice had fewer activated exudate macrophages and decreased expression of CXCL10, interferon (IFN)-γ and type I IFN. [Genes Immun] Abstract

    A Neonatal Gnotobiotic Pig Model of Human Enterovirus 71 Infection and Associated Immune Responses
    Researchers report the development of a novel neonatal gnotobiotic pig model using the non-pig-adapted neurovirulent human enterovirus 71 strain BJ110, which has a C4 genotype. Porcine small intestinal epithelial cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells and neural cells were infected in vitro. [Emerg Microbes Infect] Full Article

    HIV

    Early Development of Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies in HIV-1-Infected Infants
    Findings suggest that, even in early life, there is sufficient B cell functionality to mount broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against HIV-1. Additionally, the relatively early appearance of bNAbs in infants may provide a unique setting for understanding the pathways of B cell maturation leading to bNAbs. [Nat Med] Abstract

    Genome-Wide Analysis of Histone Modifications in Latently HIV-1 Infected T Cells
    The transcriptional silencing of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) provirus in latently infected cells is a major hurdle on the pathway to HIV-1 elimination. The epigenetic mechanisms established by histone modifications may affect the transcriptional silencing of HIV-1 and viral latency. [AIDS] Abstract

    Rational Design and Characterization of the Novel, Broad and Potent Bispecific HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibody iMabm36
    Researchers designed and engineered a novel bispecific HIV-1 neutralizing antibody, iMabm36, for high potency and breadth against HIV. iMabm36 is composed of the anti-CD4 Ab ibalizumab linked to two copies of the single-domain Ab m36 which targets a highly conserved CD4-induced epitope. [JAIDS] Abstract

    Neutralizing Antibodies against AAV2, AAV5 and AAV8 in Healthy and HIV-1-Infected Subjects in China: Implications for Gene Therapy Using AAV Vectors
    To identify candidate adeno-associated viruses (AAV) vectors for therapeutic or prophylactic HIV vaccines, neutralizing antibodies against AAV2, AAV5 and AAV8 were screened in the sera of healthy individuals in China and 10 developed countries and an HIV-1-infected Chinese population. [Gene Ther] Abstract

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    Watch the Webinar: How Three Chimerism Groups Saved Time, Effort, and Money with RoboSep

     
    REVIEWS
    The Mycobiota: Interactions between Commensal Fungi and the Host Immune System
    The authors discuss what is currently known about the makeup of fungal communities in the body and the features of the immune system that are particularly important for interacting with fungi at these sites. [Nat Rev Immunol] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the infectious disease research field.

    SMi present their inaugural conference on Immunogenicity

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Immune Design’s GLAAS™ Discovery Platform Used in MEDI7510 Phase I Trial for Respiratory Syncytial Virus
    Immune Design announced the application of its GLAAS™ discovery platform in the Phase I clinical trial of MEDI7510, an investigational agent for respiratory syncytial virus being developed by MedImmune. [Immune Design Corporation] Press Release

    FDA Approves Durata Therapeutics’ DALVANCE™ for the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections Caused by Susceptible Gram-Positive Bacteria, Including MRSA, in Adults
    Durata Therapeutics, Inc. announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved DALVANCE™ (dalbavancin) for injection for the treatment of adult patients with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections caused by susceptible Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). [Durata Therapeutics Inc.] Press Release

    amfAR’s Cinema Against AIDS Gala Raises a Record-Breaking $35 Million for Research to Fight HIV/AIDS and to Help Find a Cure
    The 21st annual Cinema Against AIDS raised a record $35 million, helping amfAR in its continued fight against HIV/AIDS. [amfAR] Press Release

    Doctoral Student Scores High with Innovative HIV Research
    Gavin Sampey landed a nearly $62,000 grant from the National Institutes of Health to study how HIV can manipulate the cells’ communication system to work itself up to the brain. [George Mason University] Press Release

    From our sponsor: Free Nature Reviews Immunology poster – Immune Response to HIV. Request a copy.

     
    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW IBC’s 25th Annual Antibody Engineering & Therapeutics Conference
    December 7-11, 2014
    Huntington Beach, United States

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the infectious disease community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW PhD Studentship – Microbiology & Immunology (INRS – University of Quebec)

    NEW Scientist – Immunology/Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    PhD or Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Biology and Medical Sciences (University of Oslo)

    Postdoctoral Associate – Mouse Modeling and Immune Responses (Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, MGH/HMS)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Development of Host-Derived Antivirals for Emerging Infectious Disease Threats (Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation – CSIRO)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology and Virology (National University of Singapore)

    Principal Investigator – Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammation (Inflammation Research Center – VIB-UGent)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Mucosal Pathogenesis Mechanisms (McMaster University)

    Postdoctoral Position – Infectious Disease and Novel Autoimmune Disease Models (The Wistar Institute)

    Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Mucosal Immunology and Inflammation (Universität Bern)

    Director of GMP/GLP Quality Operations (University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine)

    Research Technologist – hPSC (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Technologist – Pluripotent Stem Cells (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Technologist – PSC Biology and Bioengineering (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)


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