Immunology of Infectious Disease News 4.38 September 28, 2016 | |
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TOP STORYRapid Development of a DNA Vaccine for Zika Virus Vaccination with DNA expressing the prM and E proteins of Zika virus (ZIKV) was immunogenic in mice and nonhuman primates, and protection against viremia after ZIKV challenge correlated with serum neutralizing activity. [Science] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Liver-Resident Memory CD8+ T Cells Form a Front-Line Defense against Malaria Liver-Stage Infection Scientists identified a population of memory CD8+ T cells that expressed the gene signature of tissue-resident memory T cells and remained permanently within the liver, where they patrolled the sinusoids. [Immunity] Abstract | Graphical Abstract CARD9 Negatively Regulates NLRP3-Induced IL-1β Production on Salmonella Infection of Macrophages Researchers showed that caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (CARD9), a protein associated with induction of proinflammatory cytokines by fungi, has a negative role on interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production during bacterial infection. [Nat Commun] Full Article Genomic and Functional Analysis of the Host Response to Acute Simian Varicella Infection in the Lung The authors leveraged a nonhuman primate model of Varicella Zoster Virus infection where rhesus macaques are intrabronchially challenged with the closely related Simian Varicella Virus. Acute infection is characterized by immune infiltration of the lung airways, a significant up-regulation of genes involved in antiviral-immunity, and a down-regulation of genes involved in lung development. [Sci Rep] Full Article Investigators report that in vitro, adjuvants cholera toxin and detoxified double mutant heat-labile enterotoxin from Escherichia coli induce upregulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression in purified dendritic cells and enhance the H. pylori specific CD4+ T cell response including IL-17A, IFNγ and TNFα secretion. [Immunology] Abstract Researchers systematically examined the effects of antibiotic use on pathogenesis and immune responses in the mouse model of giardiasis. They found that antibiotic treatment did not overtly increase the parasite burden but significantly limited the disaccharidase deficiency observed in infected mice. Moreover, while infected mice had more activated CD8+ αβ T cells in the small intestinal lamina propria, this increase was absent in antibiotic-treated mice. [Infect Immun] Abstract HIVDeterminants of HIV-1 Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Induction Scientists report on viral, host and disease factors that steer broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAb) evolution using the results of a systematic survey in 4,484 HIV-1-infected individuals that identified 239 bnAb inducers. [Nat Med] Abstract | Press Release Researchers studied the induction of adaptive immunity to neonatal infection with a murine retrovirus, under conditions leading to immunological tolerance. They found that the absence of either maternal or offspring adaptive immunity permitted efficient vertical transmission of the retrovirus. [J Immunol] Abstract Low CD4/CD8 ratio despite effective combined antiretroviral therapy was associated with altered invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cell subsets, enhanced activation and prominent Th1/Th17 pro-inflammatory profile. [AIDS] Abstract Scientists quantified HPV16 and HPV52 E6-specific interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunospot T-cell responses, a correlate of protective immunity, in the first year following combination antiretroviral therapy initiation and subsequently in those patients with suboptimal and optimal immune reconstitution. [HIV Med] Abstract Subscribe to our sister publications: Human Immunology News & Immune Regulation News. | |
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REVIEWSRole of Autophagy in HIV Pathogenesis and Drug Abuse Investigators review the current literature on the interaction between autophagy, HIV-1, and drug abuse and discuss the complex role of autophagy during HIV-1 pathogenesis in co-exposure to illicit drugs. [Mol Neurobiol] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immunology of infectious disease research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSSanaria® PfSPZ Vaccine against Malaria Receives FDA Fast Track Designation Sanaria Inc. announced it has received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Fast Track designation for its preventative vaccine for malaria, Sanaria® PfSPZ Vaccine [Sanaria Inc.] Press Release Gilead Sciences, Inc. announced it has entered into a partnership with the World Health Organization to provide $20 million in funding and drug donations over five years to expand access to diagnostic services and treatment for visceral leishmaniasis. [Gilead Sciences, Inc.] Press Release Protein Sciences and Avanzcare Announce Licensing of Influenza Vaccines for the MENA Region Protein Sciences Corporation and Avanzcare announced that they have signed an agreement designating Avanzcare as the exclusive distributor of Protein Sciences’ proprietary Flublok® and Panblok® influenza vaccines and potentially other vaccines to be developed in the future for certain Middle East and North Africa (MENA) markets. [Protein Sciences Corporation] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSWhy Big Pharma Wants to Collect 2 Million Genomes Five months after announcing its intentions to gather genome sequences from 2 million people, pharmaceutical giant AstraZeneca has selected geneticist David Goldstein to head up the task. [Nature News] Editorial Encourage Governments to Heed Scientific Advice The scientific community has seen its policy making influence rise worldwide over the past two decades. Researchers advise on decisions relevant to the scientific enterprise and on key issues from agriculture and environment to security, crime and economic growth. [Nature News] Editorial Zimbabwean Scientists Fight to Preserve National Academy Following years of chronic funding shortages and political neglect, the Zimbabwe Academy of Science (ZAS) is on its knees and has made a plea for support from the large Zimbabwean diaspora. The academy has historically survived on donations and membership fees, but this is no longer sustainable, said ZAS head Christopher Mutambirwa at a meeting of Zimbabwean expatriates in Johannesburg, South Africa. At the moment, the ZAS’s activities are voluntary and unpaid. [Nature News] Editorial Four Men and Two Women Are Running for the Top Slot at the World Health Organization The World Health Organization in Geneva, Switzerland, unveiled the names of the six candidates who are vying to succeed Margaret Chan as director-general. [Science Insider] Editorial Worldwide Brain-Mapping Project Sparks Excitement — and Concern In recent years, brain-mapping initiatives have been popping up around the world. They have different goals and areas of expertise, but now researchers will attempt to apply their collective knowledge in a global push to more fully understand the brain. [Nature News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Advances in Cell Engineering, Imaging and Screening NEW The 2nd Int’l Conference on Gastroenterology and Hepatology (ICGEH 2016) NEW Keystone Symposium: Viral Immunity: Mechanisms and Consequences Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Positions – Mucosal, Innate and Adaptive Immunity (UT Southwestern Medical Center) Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Faculty Positions – Microbiology, Immunology, and Inflammation Biology (Weill Cornell Medicine) Faculty Position – Senior Immunologist (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Postdoctoral Research Associate – Infectious Disease Dynamics (University of Cambridge) Faculty Positions – Microbiology (University of Pennsylvania) Postdoctoral Position – B Regulatory Cells (Inserm) Postdoctoral Researcher – Translational Immunology (University of Eastern Finland) Postdoctoral Fellow(s) – Biomedical Diagnostics and Global Health Technologies (Cornell University) Faculty Position – Immunology (Vanderbilt University Medical Center) Postdoctoral Fellow – Mucosal Immunology (University of Utah) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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