Immunology of Infectious Disease News 4.41 October 19, 2016 | |
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TOP STORYResearchers demonstrated the presence of human leukocyte antigen class II-restricted CD8+ T cell responses with antiviral properties in a small subset of HIV-infected individuals. [Immunity] Full Article | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Using transgenic mice, investigators demonstrated that Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling selectively in CD11c+ dendritic cells strongly enhances mouse cytomegalovirus clearance by boosting natural killer cell CD69 expression and IFN-γ production. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract HSV1 MicroRNA Modulation of GPI Anchoring and Downstream Immune Evasion The authors present evidence that the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1)-encoded miR H8 directly targets PIGT, a member of the protein complex that covalently attaches proteins to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) in the final step of GPI anchoring. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Using the macaque MR1 tetramer researchers showed that nonhuman primate MAITs activated in vivo in response to both Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. [Mucosal Immunol] Full Article Researchers showed, using a cellular vaccine carrying foreign protein antigen plus iNKT cell glycolipid antigen, designated as artificial adjuvant vector cells, that mature XCR1− DCs in situ elicit not only ordinal antigen-specific CD4+T cells, but also CD4+ Tfh and germinal center, resulted in inducing long-term antibody production. [Sci Rep] Full Article Zika Virus Reveals Broad Tissue and Cell Tropism during the First Trimester of Pregnancy Scientists showed that Zika Virus replicates differentially in a wide range of maternal and fetal cells, including decidual fibroblasts and macrophages, trophoblasts, Hofbauer cells as well as umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article Characterization of Human CD8 T Cell Responses in Dengue Virus Infected Patients from India Investigators provide a detailed analysis of HLA-DR+CD38+ and HLA-DR–CD38+ effector CD8 T- cell subsets in dengue-patients from India and Thailand. Both CD8 T cell subsets expanded and expressed markers indicative of antigen-driven proliferation; tissue-homing and cytotoxic effector functions with the HLA-DR+CD38+ subset being the most striking in these effector qualities. [J Virol] Abstract | Full Article In vivo, protein tyrosine phosphatase non receptor 22 (PTPN22)-deficient CD8 T cells showed a profound defect in upregulating STAT-1 after lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection and considerably less phosphorylation of STAT-1 in response to IFN-α treatment in vitro compared with their wild-type counterparts. [Immunol Cell Biol] Full Article HIVAntiretroviral therapy initiated in early acute HIV infection was associated with normalization of the coagulation cascade and several systemic inflammatory biomarkers, but the acute phase response, enterocyte turnover, monocyte activation, and fibrosis biomarkers remained elevated. [Clin Infect Dis] Abstract Analysis of 31 rhesus macaques vaccinated with full-length SIV gag plasmid DNA (pDNA) showed inefficient induction of cellular responses targeting these conserved element (CE). In contrast, all 14 macaques immunized with SIV p27CE pDNA developed robust T cell responses recognizing CE. [J Immunol] Abstract | Full Article Subscribe to our sister publications: Human Immunology News & Immune Regulation News. | |
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REVIEWSThe authors focus on the different microenvironmental niches that characterize classical Hodgkin lymphoma of the general population as well as cases of HIV-infected patients. A more comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay existing between Hodgkin and Reed-Stenberg and tumor microenvironment is pivotal for the development of more effective treatments, particularly for relapsed or refractory diseases. [Int J Cancer] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immunology of infectious disease research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSEiger BioPharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that the first patient was dosed in the Phase II LIMT HDV study, a monotherapy trial of pegylated interferon lambda 1a as a potential treatment for chronic hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection. [Eiger BioPharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release Pfizer Awarded Grant to Evaluate Vaccine to Protect Newborns Against Group B Streptococcus Infection Pfizer Inc. announced an award of a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to conduct a Phase I/II clinical trial of Pfizer’s vaccine candidate against group B Streptococcus infection, a leading cause of neonatal sepsis. [Pfizer Inc.] Press Release Transgene announced that the first patient has been included in the multiple dose cohort of the Phase I/Ib trial with TG1050, Transgene’s immunotherapy product candidate for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. [Transgene SA] Press Release Immunovaccine Inc. announced positive topline results from its Phase I trial evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of DPX-RSV, its DepoVax™-based, small B cell epitope peptide vaccine candidate for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). [Immunovaccine Inc.] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSReports of ‘Three-Parent Babies’ Multiply Claims of infants created using mitochondrial-replacement techniques stir scientific and ethical debate. [Nature News] Editorial How Republicans Reshaped the House Science Committee Lamar Smith has made his mark on science. As chairman of the US House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Texas Republican has launched dozens of investigations into alleged wrongdoing by scientists, environmental groups and government officials. And he shows no signs of slowing down. [Nature News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Keystone Symposium: HIV Vaccines Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Research Specialist – Stem Cell Biology (University of Pittsburgh) Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) PhD Prize Studentships (University of Oxford) Senior Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Genetics (University of Oxford) Postdoctoral Position – Immunology (Klinikum der Universität München) Faculty Positions – Immunology (Ohio State University) Postdoctoral Positions – Mucosal, Innate and Adaptive Immunity (UT Southwestern Medical Center) Faculty Position – Senior Immunologist (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Faculty Positions – Microbiology (University of Pennsylvania) Postdoctoral Position – B Regulatory Cells (Inserm) Faculty Position – Immunology (Vanderbilt University Medical Center) Postdoctoral Fellow – Mucosal Immunology (University of Utah) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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