Immunology of Infectious Disease News 5.36 September 13, 2017 | |
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TOP STORYRegulatory T Cells Impede Acute and Long-Term Immunity to Blood-Stage Malaria through CTLA-4 The authors showed that regulatory T cells expand in both humans and mice in blood-stage malaria and interfere with conventional T helper cell responses and follicular T helper–B cell interactions in germinal centers. [Nat Med] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Using an influenza infection model, scientists found that high IL-2 concentrations at the peak of the infection prevented T follicular regulatory cell development by a Blimp-1-dependent mechanism. [Nat Immunol] Abstract Ag-specific T cells from the lungs of M. tuberculosis–infected IL-21R knockout mice had increased expression of T cell inhibitory receptors, reduced expression of chemokine receptors, proliferated less, and produced less IFN-γ, compared with Ag-specific T cells from the lungs of M. tuberculosis–infected wild type mice. [J Immunol] Abstract IRF9 Prevents CD8+ T Cell Exhaustion in an Extrinsic Manner during Acute LCMV Infection Infection of interferon regulatory factor 9 (IRF9)- or type I interferon receptor-deficient mice led to a loss of early restriction of viral replication and impaired anti-viral responses in dendritic cells, resulting in CD8+ T cell exhaustion and chronic infection. [J Virol] Abstract Researchers measured Vδ2+ T cell absolute counts at acute and convalescent malaria timepoints, and Vδ2+ counts, cellular phenotype, and cytokine production following in vitro stimulation at asymptomatic visits, among children aged six months to ten years living in Uganda. [Sci Rep] Full Article The authors investigated IL-25-responding cells and their involvement in mediating type-2 immune response during T. spiralis infection. Type-2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) and CD4+ Th2 cells residing in the gastrointestinal tract of T. spiralis infected mice were found to express high levels of surface interleukin-17 receptor B, a component of the IL-25 receptor. [PLoS One] Full Article HIVUsing HLA-B*14/peptide-saporin conjugated tetramers, scientists showed that HLA-B*14-EL9 is substantially more potent at inhibiting viral replication than HLA-B*14-DA9. [J Virol] Abstract | Full Article Using HIV-specific T cells as a model for exhaustion, investigators evaluated the capacity of antibodies targeting TIM-3, BTLA, CD160, LAG-3 and CTLA-4 alone or in combination with a PD-1 antibody to enhance proliferation and cytokine production in response to Gag and Nef peptides. [Clin Immunol] Abstract | Graphical Abstract High Glut1 surface expression was associated with increased glycolytic activity in activated CD4+ T cells. PI3K activation measured by p-Akt and OX40 was elevated in CD4+Glut1+ T cells from HIV+ subjects. [FEBS Lett] Abstract The authors tested four small molecule inhibitors of HIV-1 Nef in an in vitro primary CD4 T cell latency model and measured the ability of autologous ex vivo or HIV-1 peptide–expanded CD8 T cells to recognize and kill latently infected cells as a function of inhibitor treatment. [JCI Insight] Full Article Subscribe to our sister publications: Human Immunology News & Immune Regulation News. | |
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REVIEWSImmunogenicity and Efficacy of DNA/MVA HIV Vaccines in Rhesus Macaque Models Researchers summarize the immunogenicity of DNA/modified vaccinia ankara (MVA) vaccines in non-human primate models and describe the efficacy seen in SIV infection models. They discuss immunological correlates of protection determined by these studies and potential approaches for improving the protective immunity. [Expert Rev Vaccines] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immunology of infectious disease research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSABIVAX Presents Full ABX464 Positive Phase IIA Clinical HIV Data ABIVAX announced that the full data from the ABX464-004 clinical study was presented during an oral presentation. [Press release from ABIVAX discussing research presented at the 2nd HIV Cure and Reservoir Symposium, Ghent] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSMedivir Announces Janssen to Discontinue Development of JNJ-4178 for Hepatitis C Medivir AB announced that Janssen Research & Development has decided to discontinue the development of the investigational hepatitis C treatment, JNJ-4178, the triple combination of simeprevir, odalasvir and AL-335. [Medivir AB] Press Release Aethlon Medical, Inc. announced that it has received an Expedited Access Pathway designation from the FDA to support the advancement of the Aethlon Hemopurifier® to treat life-threatening viruses. [Aethlon Medical, Inc.] Press Release Former CDC Chief Launches $225 Million Global Health Initiative Tom Frieden, former director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is starting a new initiative to tackle some of global health’s thorniest issues: cardiovascular disease and epidemics. [The Washington Post] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSCongress Rejects Trump Proposals to Cut Health Research Funds Congress has not only rejected the president’s National Institutes of Health proposal; lawmakers from both parties have joined forces to increase spending on biomedical research — and have bragged about it. [The New York Times] Editorial Pall Hangs over U.S.-Iran Science Ties Rising tensions between the U.S. and Iranian governments have frozen most scientific contacts between the two nations, experts reported at a forum. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW World Vaccine Congress Washington 2018 Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Research Technologist – Immunotherapy (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) NEW Scientist – Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (Johns Hopkins University) NEW Postdoctoral Position – Autophagy (University of New Mexico) NEW PhD Position – Infection Biology (Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research) Professorship – Infection Biology (Hannover Medical School) Postdoctoral Scientist – Immunology/Microbial Pathogenesis (Nationwide Children’s Hospital) Assistant or Associate Professor – Virology (University of Iowa) Faculty Positions – Host-Pathogen Interactions (University of Chicago at Illinois) Mouse Scientist – T Cell-Based Therapy (Tessa Therapeutics Pte. Ltd.) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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