Immunology of Infectious Disease News Volume 7.11 | Mar 27 2019

TOP STORY

Monocyte-Derived CD11c⁺ Cells Acquire Plasmodium from Hepatocytes to Prime CD8 T Cell Immunity to Liver-Stage Malaria

Researchers found that a subset of liver-infiltrating monocyte-derived CD11c⁺ cells co-expressing F4/80, CD103, CD207, and CSF1R acquired parasites during the liver stage of malaria, but only after initial hepatocyte infection. [Cell Host Microbe] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

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Tuberculosis Exacerbates HIV-1 Infection through IL-10/STAT3-Dependent Tunneling Nanotube Formation in Macrophages

Using in vitro and ex vivo cell culture systems, scientists showed that human M(IL-10) anti-inflammatory macrophages, present in tuberculosis-associated microenvironment, produce high levels of HIV-1. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Press Release | Graphical Abstract

Intradermal SynCon^® Ebola GP DNA Vaccine Is Temperature Stable and Safely Demonstrates Cellular and Humoral Immunogenicity Advantages in Healthy Volunteers

Using an immunopotent DNA vaccine that generates protection from lethal Ebola virus challenge in small animals and NHPs, researchers performed a clinical study to evaluate both intramuscular and novel intradermal DNA delivery. [J Infect Dis] Abstract

The Histone Chaperone HIRA Promotes the Induction of Host Innate Immune Defenses in Response to HSV-1 Infection

The authors showed that the histone H3.3 chaperone histone cell cycle regulator (HIRA) associated with promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies to stimulate the induction of innate immune defences against herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection. [PLoS Pathog] Full Article

Inflammatory Monocytes Are Detrimental to the Host Immune Response during Acute Infection with Cryptococcus neoformans

Investigators found that during acute C. neoformans infection, CCR2⁺ Ly6C^hi inflammatory monocytes rapidly infiltrate the lungs and mediate fungal trafficking to lung-draining lymph nodes. [PLoS Pathog] Full Article

HSV-1EGFP Stimulates miR-146a Expression in a NF-κB-Dependent Manner in Monocytic THP-1 Cells

Scientists demonstrated activation of canonical nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway in monocytic cells upon HSV-1 replication. [Sci Rep] Full Article

IL-27 Promotes NK Cell Effector Functions via Maf-Nrf2 Pathway during Influenza Infection

The authors showed that during influenza infection myeloid cell-derived IL-27 regulates the early-phase effector functions of natural killer cells in the bronchioalveolar and lung tissue. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Type I ROP16 Regulates Retinal Inflammatory Responses during Ocular Toxoplasmosis

PRU parasites behaved much more virulently in the presence of a type I ROP16. In contrast, knockout of ROP16 in the RH strain led to a decrease of intraocular proliferation, but no difference in retinal pathology. [PLoS One] Full Article

Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells and Dendritic Cells in Intradermal Immunization of the Enterovirus Antigen

Investigators focused on innate immune responses elicited by inactivated enterovirus type 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A 16 (CA16) antigens administered intradermally or intramuscularly. The distributions of the EV71 and CA16 antigens administered intradermally or intramuscularly were not obviously different, but the antigens were detected for a shorter period of time when administered intradermally. [npj Vaccines] Full Article

A Prophylactic α-Gal-Based Glycovaccine Effectively Protects against Murine Acute Chagas Disease

Researchers investigated the efficacy of the Trypanosoma cruzi immunodominant glycotope Galα3LN, covalently linked to a carrier protein, as a prophylactic vaccine candidate in the acute model of Chagas disease, using the α1,3-galactosyltransferase-knockout mouse, which mimics the human immunoresponse to α-galactopyranosyl (α-Gal) glycotopes. [npj Vaccines] Full Article

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Epigenetic Regulation of the Innate Immune Response to Infection

The authors discuss studies revealing the epigenetic mechanisms, as well as the post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications by chromatin modifiers, that underlie the establishment of signaling networks and the rapid induction of innate immune molecules during infection. [Nat Rev Immunol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immunology of infectious disease research field.

Developing Vaccines and Therapies for the Highly Pathogenic Nipah and Hendra Viruses

The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., along with Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Profectus Biosciences, Inc., the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Mapp Biopharmaceutical, Inc., and the University of Texas Medical Branch have been awarded up to $24.5 million to advance treatments for two lethal henipaviruses. [The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release

Last Participant Out in USA Phase II Clinical Trial of BiondVax’s M-001 Universal Influenza Vaccine Candidate

BiondVax Pharmaceuticals Ltd. reported that all participants have completed their final visit in a Phase II clinical trial conducted by several Vaccine Treatment and Evaluation Units sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. [BiondVax Pharmaceuticals Ltd.] Press Release

NanoViricides Has Requested a Pre-IND Meeting with the US FDA

NanoViricides, Inc. announced that it has requested a pre-IND meeting with the US FDA, as it progresses its lead drug candidate towards human clinical trials. [NanoViricides, Inc.] Press Release

Vaxart Completes Dosing of the Lead-In Cohort in Bivalent Norovirus Vaccine Phase Ib Clinical Trial

Vaxart, Inc. announced the completion of dosing of the lead-in cohort in the Phase Ib bivalent norovirus vaccine clinical trial with its oral norovirus GII.4 vaccine. [Vaxart, Inc.] Press Release

IAVI Announces First-in-Human Clinical Trial of Native-Like HIV Envelope Vaccine Candidate

The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) announced the start of a Phase I clinical trial to test a novel HIV vaccine candidate, BG505 SOSIP.664 gp140. [International AIDS Vaccine Initiative] Press Release

Japanese Journalist Found Guilty of Defamation in HPV Vaccine Case

A Japanese court ruled that a medical journalist who has championed vaccination to reduce the risk of cervical cancer defamed a neurologist by writing that he had fabricated data showing a link between the vaccine and brain damage in mice. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NIH May Bar Peer Reviewers Accused of Sexual Harassment

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland, reminded the research community that the agency can—and sometimes does—bar scientists accused of sexual harassment from serving as peer reviewers. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW 37​^th Annual Meeting of the European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases (ESPID)
May 6-11, 2019
Ljubljana, Slovenia

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology/Infection Biology (Wellcome Sanger Institute)

NEW Staff Scientist – Transcriptional Control in Development and Disease (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Research Technologist – Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Associate – Role of PI3Kδ in Immunity and Infection (University of Cambridge)

Associate Professor – Infection Biology (The Arctic University of Norway)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Infection and Immunity (University of Southern California)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology, Infection and Tissue Injury (Hospital for Special Surgery/Weill Cornell Medicine)

Postdoctoral Researcher – HIV Related to Antiretroviral Therapy and Cure (Karolinska Institutet)

Staff Scientist – Infection Biology and Immunity (Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens)

Professor Position – Infection, Inflammation or Cancer Epigenetics (Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd.)

Research Chairs – Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (University of Ottawa)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Virology/Cell Biology (Feinberg School of Medicine)

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