Immunology of Infectious Disease News 7.44 November 13, 2019 | |
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TOP STORYResearchers performed heterologous trimer-liposome prime:boosting in rabbits to drive B cells specific for cross-conserved sites. To preferentially expose the CD4bs to B cells, they eliminated proximal N-glycans while maintaining the native-like state of the cleavage-independent NFL trimers, followed by gradual N-glycan restoration coupled with heterologous boosting. [Immunity] Full Article | Graphical Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Liver Is a Generative Site for the B Cell Response to Ehrlichia muris B cells within infected livers proliferated and underwent somatic hypermutation. Vh-region sequencing revealed trafficking of clones between the spleen and liver and often subsequent local clonal expansion and intraparenchymal localization of T-bet+ memory B cells. [Immunity] Abstract | Graphical Abstract The authors used protein microarrays containing hundreds of variants of the DBLα domain of PfEMP1 to cover the diversity of Papua New Guinean (PNG) parasites. Probing the plasma of a longitudinal cohort of malaria-exposed PNG children showed that group 2 DBLα antibodies were moderately associated with a lower risk of uncomplicated malaria, whereas individual variants were only weakly associated with clinical immunity. [Cell Host Microbe] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Macrophage-Associated Wound Healing Contributes to African Green Monkey SIV Pathogenesis Control The wound healing protein fibronectin showed distinct tissue distribution and abundance kinetics in African green monkeys (AGMs). AGM monocytes exhibited an embryonic development and repair/regeneration signature featuring TGF-β and concomitant reduced expression of inflammatory genes compared to rhesus macaques. [Nat Commun] Full Article Structural Elucidation of Viral Antagonism of Innate Immunity at the STAT1 Interface Investigators report the structural analysis of full-length STAT1 binding to an interferon antagonist of a human pathogenic virus. The interface revealed by transferred cross-saturation NMR is complex, involving multiple regions in both the viral and cellular proteins. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Using fine needle aspirates of draining lymph nodes, researchers tracked the kinetics of the primary immune response in rhesus monkeys immunized intramuscularly or subcutaneously with an eOD-GT8 60-mer nanoparticle immunogen to facilitate clinical trial design. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Investigators found that, during the initial appearance of lung resident memory CD8 T cells (TRM), monocytes and dendritic cells were the most numerous influenza antigen-bearing APCs in the lung. Surprisingly, depletion of DCs after initial T cell priming did not impact lung TRM development or maintenance. [Mucosal Immunol] Abstract By sorting CD4 T-cell subsets from the spleen, mesenteric and peripheral lymph nodes of SIVmac251-infected rhesus macaques (RMs), scientists demonstrated that effector memory and follicular helper CD4+ T cells harbor the highest frequency of viral DNA and RNA, as well of early R-U5 transcripts in ART-naïve RMs. [Mucosal Immunol] Full Article Amino Acid Starvation Enhances Vaccine Efficacy by Augmenting Neutralizing Antibody Production Researchers showed that mimicking amino acid starvation response with halofuginone enhanced the magnitude and affinity of neutralizing, antigen-specific antibody responses in mice immunized with dengue virus (DENV) envelope domain III protein, a potent vaccine candidate against DENV. [Sci Signal] Full Article The authors constructed a DNA vaccine that produced a fused peptide composed of a major immunodominant protein of the orf virus and kisspeptin-54, a neuropeptide with recognized roles in mammalian reproductive biology. The administration of this recombinant vaccine was shown to produce a significant antibody and cell-mediated immune response directed against B2L compared to the control group. [Sci Rep] Full Article Using the Epstein – Barr virus Rta-epitope restricted by HLA-A*11:01 which generates a strong immunodominant response, the authors investigated the minimum length of a viral peptide that can constitute a viral epitope recognition by CD8 T cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article Subscribe to our sister publications: Human Immunology News & Immune Regulation News. | |
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REVIEWSAdvances Towards Curing HIV-1 Infection from Tissue Reservoirs Scientists review the concept of targeting HIV-1 tissue reservoirs with an emphasis on the central nervous system and describe relevant new work in functional cure research and strategies for HIV-1 eradication. [J Virol] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immunology of infectious disease research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSIAVI announced the award of $35.7M from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency of the US Department of Defense to develop a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector Marburg virus vaccine candidate. [IAVI (Business Wire, Inc.)] Press Release Bavarian Nordic A/S announced the completion of enrollment of 1,110 subjects for the fully-funded Phase III lot-consistency trial to support US licensure of a longer-lasting, freeze-dried formulation of MVA-BN® smallpox vaccine. [Bavarian Nordic A/S] Press Release Merck announced that the European Commission has granted a conditional marketing authorization to ERVEBO for active immunization of individuals 18 years of age or older to protect against Ebola Virus Disease caused by Zaire Ebola virus. [Merck] Press Release Johnson & Johnson announced that its Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies have submitted Marketing Authorization Applications to the European Medicines Agency seeking licensure for an investigational Ebola vaccine regimen for the prevention of Ebola virus disease caused by Zaire ebolavirus species. [Johnson & Johnson] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSNew Dengue Vaccine Performs Well in Large Trial, but Safety Remains Key Concern An experimental dengue vaccine has shown promising early results in a large, multicountry trial, but critical questions remain about its effectiveness and safety. [Nature News] Editorial Top Israeli Immunologist Accused of Promoting Antivaccine Views Yehuda Shoenfeld is a well-known immunologist with a long career. Formerly at Tel Aviv University in Israel, he now runs a center for autoimmune diseases at Sheba Medical Center, Israel’s largest hospital. He is editor-in-chief of both journals of the Israel Medical Association, serves on the editorial board of dozens of other journals, and was elected a member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities in June. Yet a group of Israeli doctors says his ideas are a danger to public health. [ScienceInsider] Editorial Untangling the Trump Administration’s Lawsuit over an HIV Prevention Drug The US Department of Justice filed suit against Gilead Sciences Inc., for reasons that cannot easily fit on a bumper sticker. At the center of the dispute are monkey studies done by researchers at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with a Gilead drug called Truvada, and the drug’s use as part of a highly effective HIV prevention strategy called pre-exposure prophylaxis. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW 14th World Immune Regulation Meeting (WIRM) Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Faculty Position – Infectious Disease Research (Tsinghua University School of Medicine) Research Associate – Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Postdoctoral Associates – Virology and Vaccine Development (University of Minnesota) Scientist – Infectious Disease (Infectious Disease Research Institute) Postdoctoral Position – HIV (Tulane University) Postdoctoral Associate – Lung Inflammation (The University of Georgia) Postdoctoral Scientist – Flavivirus Infection (Pasteur Institute of Cambodia) Assistant/Associate Professor – Immunology (University of Massachusetts) Faculty Position – Life Sciences (University of Michigan) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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