Intestinal Cell News Volume 1.08 | May 15 2015

The Non-Muscle-Myosin-II Heavy Chain Myh9 Mediates Colitis-Induced Epithelium Injury by Restricting Lgr5+ Stem Cells
Scientists report that the non-muscle-myosin-II (NMII) heavy chain Myh9 accumulated at epithelial injury sites in mice distal colon treated with dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) and the NMII inhibitor blebbistatin improved the survival of Lgr5+ stem cells and the growth of Lgr5 organoids. [Nat Commun] Abstract

p38γ MAPK Is Required for Inflammation-Associated Colon Tumorigenesis
Researchers report that p38γ mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) mediated inflammatory signaling to promote colon tumorigenesis. [Oncogene] Abstract

Brg-1 Targeting of Novel miR550a-5p/RNF43/Wnt Signaling Axis Regulates Colorectal Cancer Metastasis
Scientists demonstrated that decreased Brg-1 regulated a novel miR-550a-5p/RNF43/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, to promote colorectal cancer metastasis in vitro and in vivo. [Oncogene] Abstract

Syndecan-1 Acts in Synergy with Tight Junction through Stat3 Signaling to Maintain Intestinal Mucosal Barrier and Prevent Bacterial Translocation
Overexpressed Sdc1 in Caco-2 cells attenuated transepithelial electrical resistance reduction, prevented bacterial translocation, and repressed FITC-dextran flux, whereas Sdc1 knockdown in HT29 cells resulted in a greater loss of barrier function. [Inflamm Bowel Dis] Abstract

SIGIRR Genetic Variants in Premature Infants with Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Functional studies carried out in human embryonic kidney cells and intestinal epithelial cells demonstrated that SIGIRR inhibited inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide, a cell wall component of Gram-negative bacteria implicated in necrotizing enterocolitis. [Pediatrics] Abstract

MicroRNAs Induce Epigenetic Reprogramming and Suppress Malignant Phenotypes of Human Colon Cancer Cells
Investigators reprogrammed colon cancer cells using miR-302s and miR-369-3p or -5p. This resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and invasion and the stimulation of the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition phenotype in colon cancer cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

ATOH1 Can Regulate the Tumorigenicity of Gastric Cancer Cells by Inducing the Differentiation of Cancer Stem Cells
The authors showed that ATOH1 can induce the differentiation of gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs). Real time PCR and western blot analysis showed that ATOH1 was induced during the differentiation of GCSCs. [PLoS One] Abstract

A Study of Thermal Dose-Induced Autophagy, Apoptosis and Necroptosis in Colon Cancer Cells
Researchers investigated the cytotoxic effects of heat on colon cancer cells and determined how different cell death processes such as autophagy, apoptosis and necroptosis play a role in cell response. [Int J Hyperthermia] Abstract

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

The Interaction of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium with Intestinal Organoids Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Scientists exploited intestinal organoids (iHOs) generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells to explore the interaction of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium with iHOs. [Infect Immun] Abstract | Full Article

Microenvironmental control of stem cell fate in intestinal homeostasis and disease
The authors review the exciting developments in the study of stem cell dynamics in homeostasis, intestinal regeneration and carcinogenesis and explores the implications for human disease and cancer therapies [J Pathol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Sanofi Exercises Option on Second Therapeutic Program with Selecta Biosciences to Develop an Antigen-Specific Immunotherapy Based on Synthetic Vaccine Particle Technology
Selecta Biosciences, Inc. announced that, under the terms of an existing strategic global collaboration, Sanofi has exercised its option to an exclusive license to develop an immunotherapy for the treatment of celiac disease. [Selecta Biosciences, Inc.] Press Release

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Research Associate, Intestinal Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Endoderm Lineages (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Principles of Cellular Processes (University of Southern California)

Assistant/Associate Professor – Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Biology (Texas A&M Health Science Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Genomics or Computational Genomics (Norwegian PSC research center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Stem Cell Homeostasis in Gut Development and Disease (Sickkids Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Transcriptional Mechanisms of Stomach and Intestinal Stem Cells (Sickkids Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Functional Role of Intestinal Macrophages (University of Massachusetts Medical School)

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