Intestinal Cell News Volume 1.13 | Jun 19 2015

Carbonic Anhydrase IV Inhibits Colon Cancer Development by Inhibiting the Wnt Signaling Pathway through Targeting the WTAP–WT1–TBL1 Axis
Carbonic anhydrase IV (CA4) was silenced in all nine colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines and 92.6% of CRC tumors. Promoter hypermethylation contributed to the inactivation of CA4, and it was detected in 75.7% of the patients with CRC. [Gut] Full Article

Cathepsin D Protects Colorectal Cancer Cells from Acetate-Induced Apoptosis through Autophagy-Independent Degradation of Damaged Mitochondria
The authors assessed the role of cathepsin D in acetate-induced mitochondrial alterations. They found that acetate-induced apoptosis was not associated with autophagy induction in colorectal cancer cells. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Vibrio vulnificus VvpE Inhibits Mucin 2 Expression by Hypermethylation via Lipid Raft-Mediated ROS Signaling in Intestinal Epithelial Cells
Researchers demonstrated that VvpE inhibited Mucin 2 expression by hypermethylation via lipid raft-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling in the intestinal epithelial cells. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Tumor-Suppressive Function of SIRT4 in Human Colorectal Cancer
Investigators established colorectal cancer cell lines overexpressing SIRT4 and investigated their effects on proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as E-cadherin expression, that negatively regulates tumor invasion and metastases. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

Listeriolysin O Affects the Permeability of Caco-2 Monolayer in a Pore-Dependent and Ca²⁺-Independent Manner
Scientists tested the effects of listeriolysin O on an intestinal epithelial cell line and compared them to an unrelated pore-forming toxin equinatoxin II. They showed that apical application of both toxins caused a significant drop in transepithelial electrical resistance. [PLoS One] Full Article

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

Robust Intestinal Homeostasis Relies on Cellular Plasticity in Enteroblasts Mediated by miR-8-Escargot Switch
The authors found that intestinal stem cells divided “ahead” of demand during Drosophila midgut homeostasis. Their newborn enteroblasts, on the other hand, took on a highly polarized shape, acquired invasive properties and motility. [EMBO J] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Analysis of Wnt Signaling Dynamics during Colon Crypt Development in 3D Culture
Researchers presented the first production of physiologically-shaped, functional colon crypts in vitro (i.e. single crypts with cells expressing Mucin 2 and Chromogranin A). [Sci Rep] Full Article

Direct Activation of Amidohydrolase Domain-Containing 1 Gene by Thyroid Hormone Implicates a Role in the Formation of Adult Intestinal Stem Cells during Xenopus Metamorphosis
The authors showed that amidohydrolase domain containing 1 was exclusively expressed in proliferating adult epithelial stem cells during metamorphosis with little expression in other intestinal tissues. [Endocrinology] Abstract | Full Article

Oncogenic K-Ras Promotes Proliferation in Quiescent Intestinal Stem Cells
Researchers used an H2B-Egfp transgenic system to demonstrate that mutationally activated K-Ras accelerated the proliferative kinetics of quiescent intestinal stem cells. [Stem Cell Res] Abstract

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Connecticut Innovations’ Regenerative Medicine Research Fund Awards $11 Million for Scientific Research
BioInnovation Connecticut announced that the Regenerative Medicine Research Fund has awarded $11 million to scientists who are conducting biomedical, embryonic or human adult stem cell research. [Mayo Clinic] Press Release

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Research Associate, Intestinal Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Endoderm Lineages (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Colon Cancer (Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute in Glasgow)

Research Assistant (University of Cambridge)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Intestinal Diseases (Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland)

Senior Associate Scientist (Amgen)

Postdoctoral Fellows – Colon Cancer Biology, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Intestinal Development (Rutgers University)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Immunology (University of Toronto)

Postdoctoral Position – Cellular and Mucosal Immunology (University of Pennsylvania)

Senior Associate Scientist – Inflammation Research (Amgen)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Colon Cancer Genetics, Epigenetics and Chemoprevention (Baylor Scott & White Health)

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