Intestinal Cell News Volume 1.14 | Jun 26 2015

Inflammasome-Independent Role of AIM2 in Suppressing Colon Tumorigenesis via DNA-PK and Akt
Researchers found that absent in melanoma 2 (Aim2)-deficient mice had greater tumor load than Asc-deficient mice in the azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate model of colorectal cancer. [Nat Med] Abstract

FOXM1-induced PRX3 Regulates Stemness and Survival of Colon Cancer Cells via Maintenance of Mitochondrial Function
Researchers used immunohistochemistry and quantitative PCR to compare expression of mitochondrial peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3) in CD133⁺CD44⁺ Lgr5⁺cells vs CD133^–CD44^–Lgr5^– colon tumor cells. [Gastroenterology] Abstract

The Epithelial Polarity Regulator LGALS9/Galectin-9 Induces Fatal Frustrated Autophagy in KRAS Mutant Colon Carcinoma that Depends on Elevated Basal Autophagic Flux
The authors uncovered that KRAS mutant colorectal cancer was uniquely sensitive to treatment with recombinant LGALS9/Galectin-9, a recently established regulator of epithelial polarity. [Autophagy] Abstract

Voltage-Gated Na⁺ Channel Activity Increases Colon Cancer Transcriptional Activity and Invasion Via Persistent MAPK Signaling
Using pharmacological inhibitors/activators and siRNA-mediated gene knockdowns, scientists correlated channel activity with Rap1-dependent persistent MAPK activation in the SW620 human colon cancer cell line. [Sci Rep] Full Article

FBXW7 Negatively Regulates ENO1 Expression and Function in Colorectal Cancer
Investigators showed that elevated expression of Enolase 1 (ENO1) was identified in F-box and WD40 domain protein 7 (FBXW7)-depletion HCT116 cells through two-dimensional protein electrophoresis and mass spectrometry assays (2DE-MS). Subsequent western blotting and immunohistochemical assays confirmed that ENO1 expression reversely correlated with FBXW7 expression in several cells and colon cancer tissues. [Lab Invest] Abstract

Adult Zebrafish Intestine Resection: A Novel Model of Short Bowel Syndrome, Adaptation, and Intestinal Stem Cell Regeneration
Researchers created a new reproducible in vivo model of short bowel syndrome in zebrafish, a tractable vertebrate model, to facilitate investigation of the mechanisms of intestinal adaptation. [Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol] Abstract

Interleukin-10 Enhances the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier in the Presence of Corticosteroids through p38 MAPK Activity in Caco-2 Monolayers: A Possible Mechanism for Steroid Responsiveness in Ulcerative Colitis
Investigators showed that the association of IL-10 and glucocorticoids improved the integrity of TNFα-treated Caco-2 cells and that p38 MAPK plays a key role. [PLoS One] Full Article

Stimulation of Cell Migration by Flagellin through the p38 MAP Kinase Pathway in Cultured Intestinal Epithelial Cells
The authors found that both flagellin and TGF-β1 activated p38 MAPK and its downstream protein kinase, MAPK-activated protein kinase-2 in an IEC-6 intestinal epithelial cell line. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

The Sorting Protein PACS-2 Promotes ErbB Signalling by Regulating Recycling of the Metalloproteinase ADAM17
PACS-2 sustained ADAM17 cell-surface activity by diverting ADAM17 away from degradative pathways. Pacs2-deficient mice displayed significantly reduced levels of phosphorylated EGFR and intestinal proliferation. [Nat Commun] Abstract

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Etubics Corporation Partners with the National Cancer Institute to further Develop Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines
Etubics Corporation announced that it has entered into a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with the National Cancer Institute. The parties will work together to further develop the Etubics Platform, which is employed to develop novel immunotherapeutic product candidates to treat cancer. [Etubics Corporation] Press Release

Ontario Invests in Better Health and Economic Opportunity through Support for Ontario Institute for Regenerative Medicine
A new $25 million commitment positions Ontario to be an early adopter of new treatments and technologies emerging from research and commercial developments in regenerative medicine. [Ontario Institute for Regenerative Medicine] Press Release

Food and Drug Administration (United States)

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

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NEW Bioinformatician – Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research (Cedars Sinai Medical Center)

Research Associate, Intestinal Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Endoderm Lineages (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Assistant – Long Non-Coding RNAs in Crohn’s Disease (Cambridge University)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Colon Cancer (Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute in Glasgow)

Research Assistant (University of Cambridge)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Intestinal Diseases (Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland)

Senior Associate Scientist (Amgen)

Postdoctoral Fellows – Colon Cancer Biology, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Intestinal Development (Rutgers University)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Immunology (University of Toronto)

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