Intestinal Cell News Volume 1.20 | Aug 7 2015

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    Intestinal Cell News 1.20 August 7, 2015

    Intestinal Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Penn Study Details Powerful Molecular Promoter of Colon Cancers
    To understand what Let-7 miRNAs normally do to prevent cancer, researchers created transgenic mice that produce no Let-7 miRNAs in the intestinal lining. The researchers observed that adenomas adenomatous polyps, as well as adenocarcinomas resembling typical human colon tumors, sprouted in the intestines of all these no-Let-7 mice by mid-adulthood, increasing their mortality compared to normal mice. [Press release from University of Pennsylvania discussing online publication in PLoS Genetics] Press Release | Full Article
    Learn More: Standardized Tools for Cancer Research

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASES

    Colon Cancer Growth and Dissemination Relies upon Thrombin, Stromal PAR-1 and Fibrinogen
    Scientists found that the growth of primary tumors formed by murine and human colon cancer cells was reduced in mice by genetic or pharmacological reduction of circulating prothrombin. [Cancer Res] Abstract

    Decellularization of Bovine Small Intestinal Submucosa and Its Use for the Healing of a Critical-Sized Full-Thickness Skin Defect, Alone and in Combination with Stem Cells, in a Small Rodent Model
    Scientists described an efficient decellularization protocol for bovine-derived small intestinal submucosa, involving freeze-thaw cycles, acid/base treatment and alcohol and buffer systems. [J Tissue Eng Regen Med] Abstract

    MicroRNA-587 Antagonizes 5-FU-Induced Apoptosis and Confers Drug Resistance by Regulating PPP2R1B Expression in Colorectal Cancer
    Scientists showed that microRNA-587 confers resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced apoptosis in vitro and reduces the potency of 5-FU in the inhibition of tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model in vivo. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

    Candida albicans Is Able to Use M Cells as a Portal of Entry across the Intestinal Barrier In Vitro
    Investigators used scanning electron and fluorescence microscopy, adhesion and invasion assays and fungal mutants to investigate the interactions of Candida albicans with M cells obtained in an established in vitro model whereby enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells co-cultured with the Raji B cell line undergo a phenotypic switch to morphologically- and functionally-resembling M cells. [Cell Microbiol] Abstract

    The Cellular Prion Protein PrPc Is a Partner of the Wnt Pathway in Intestinal Epithelial Cells
    In human intestinal cancer cells Caco-2/TC7 and SW480 and normal crypt-like HIEC-6 cells, PrPc interacts with γ-catenin, one of its desmosomal partners, and with β-catenin and TCF7L2, the main effectors of canonical Wnt pathway. PrPc up-regulated the transcriptional activity of the β-catenin/TCF7L2 complex while γ-catenin down-regulated it. [Mol Biol Cell] Abstract | Full Article

    Remodeling of Tight Junctions and Enhancement of Barrier Integrity of the CACO-2 Intestinal Epithelial Cell Layer by Micronutrients
    The authors evaluated the micronutrients zinc, quercetin, butyrate, indole and berberine for their ability to induce remodeling of epithelial tight junctions and enhance barrier integrity in the CACO-2 gastrointestinal epithelial cell culture model. [PLoS One] Full Article

    INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

    Niche Appropriation by Drosophila Intestinal Stem Cell Tumors
    Scientists investigated Drosophila intestinal stem cell (ISC) tumors generated by suppressing Notch signaling, which blocks differentiation. Notch-defective ISCs require stress-induced divisions for tumor initiation and an autocrine EGFR ligand, Spitz, during early tumor growth. [Nat Cell Biol] Abstract

    Intestinal Commitment and Maturation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Is Independent of Exogenous FGF4 and R-spondin1
    Researchers defined the effects of Wnt and FGF4 on intestinal commitment in vitro by establishing conditions for differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into posterior endoderm (hindgut) and further to self-renewing intestinal-like organoids. [PLoS One] Abstract

    Free wallchart: The Intestinal Crypt

     
    REVIEWS
    The TGF-β/Smad System in IBD Pathogenesis
    The authors review data supporting the role of Smad7 in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and discuss whether inhibition of Smad7 is therapeutically useful in Crohn’s disease and how the benefit/risk of such an intervention should be monitored in the patients. [Inflamm Bowel Dis] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    MabVax Therapeutics and The Rockefeller University Enter Into a Collaborative Research Agreement
    MabVax Therapeutics Holdings, Inc. and The Rockefeller University’s Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology have entered into a research collaboration agreement to explore the mechanism of action of constant region variants of the HuMab 5B1 in the role of tumor clearance. [MabVax Therapeutics Holdings, Inc.] Press Release

    Newcastle Gets £5 Million to Boost Drug Development
    Cancer Research UK’s Drug Discovery Committee has awarded Newcastle University’s Northern Institute of Cancer Research £5 million to bring more cancer drugs to clinical trials. [Cancer Research UK] Press Release

    From our sponsor: Learn about detecting cancer stem cells with ALDEFLUOR™. Watch the webinar.

     
    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW 28th Lorne Cancer Conference
    February 11-13, 2016
    Lorne, Australia

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the intestinal cell research community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Genetic Counselor – Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

    Research Associate – Intestinal Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Endoderm Lineages (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Biotechnology (Qu Biologics Inc.)

    Harry Eagle Scholar Awards for Postdoctoral Candidates (Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University)

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Ex Vivo Tumor Organoid Models (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

    Postdoctoral Positions – Cancer Research (Rutgers University)

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Immunology and Microbiology (New York University School of Medicine)

    Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Immunology (Shanghai Institute of Immunology)

    Postdoctoral Position – Mechanics and Genetics of Embryonic and Tumoral Development (Institut Curie UMR 168)

    Bioinformatician – Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research (Cedars Sinai Medical Center)


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