Intestinal Cell News Volume 1.31 | Oct 23 2015

Frequent Somatic Mutation in Adult Intestinal Stem Cells Drives Neoplasia and Genetic Mosaicism during Aging
Researchers report two mechanisms of genome instability in adult Drosophila intestinal stem cells that cause phenotypic alterations in the aging intestine. [Cell Stem Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Positive Regulation of β-Catenin–PROX1 Signaling Axis by DBC1 in Colon Cancer Progression
The authors investigated the role of DBC1, which was recently reported as a negative regulator of SIRT1 and a transcriptional coactivator, in the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Loss of DBC1 inhibited growth and tumorigenic potential of colon cancer cells, and DBC1 expression correlated with shorter relapse-free survival in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. [Oncogene] Abstract

ER-Stress-Induced Differentiation Sensitizes Colon Cancer Stem Cells to Chemotherapy
Scientists report that ER-stress-induced activation of the unfolded protein response forces colon cancer stem cells to differentiate, resulting in their enhanced sensitivity to chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Wnt2 Complements Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Colorectal Cancer
The authors found that Wnt2 is highly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. In addition to co-expression of Wnt2 with Wnt/β-catenin target genes in CRC, knockdown or knockout of Wnt2 significantly downregulated Wnt/β-catenin target gene expression in CRC cells. [Oncotarget] Full Article

Loss of PTEN Facilitates Rosiglitazone-Mediated Enhancement of Platinum(IV) Complex LA-12-Induced Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells
Researchers demonstrated an outstanding ability of rosiglitazone to mediate a profound enhancement of LA-12-induced apoptosis associated with activation of mitochondrial pathway in human colon cancer cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

Inhibition of Matriptase Activity Results in Decreased Intestinal Epithelial Monolayer Integrity In Vitro
Scientists confirmed that non-tumorigenic IPEC-J2 cells can be used as an appropriate small intestinal model for the in vitro characterization of matriptase-related effects on intestinal epithelium. [PLoS One] Full Article

The H1047R Point Mutation in p110 Alpha Changes the Morphology of Human Colon HCT116 Cancer Cells
Researchers showed that the H1047R in p110α of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases decreases F-actin polymerization, increases the formation of filopodia and significantly changes the cell morphology in HCT116 cancer cells. [Cell Death Disc] Full Article

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

A Sox Transcription Factor Is a Critical Regulator of Adult Stem Cell Proliferation in the Drosophila Intestine
Researchers showed that a member of the Sox family of transcription factors in Drosophila, Sox21a, is expressed in intestinal stem cells in the adult gut. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Distinct Processes and Transcriptional Targets Underlie CDX2 Requirements in Intestinal Stem Cells and Differentiated Villus Cells
RNA sequencing analysis identified transcripts modulated during differentiation of Lgr5⁺ intestinal stem cells into villus cells, with high expression of the intestine-restricted transcription factor gene Cdx2 in both populations. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

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New UCB Data Provide Clinical Insights into the Use of Cimzia^® (certolizumab pegol) in Treating Crohn’s Disease
UCB sponsored several data presentations on Cimzia^® in Crohn’s disease. [Press release from UCB S.A. (PR Newswire LLC.) discussing research presented at the American College of Gastroenterology Annual Meeting (ACG), Honolulu] Press Release

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UGR Scientists Patent an Effective Drug for Treating Breast, Colon, and Skin Cancers
Scientists from the University of Granada have patented an effective drug for treating cancer stem cells in breast, colon, and skin cancers. The researchers have proved the anti-tumor effects of the drug on immunodeficient mice. [University of Granada (EurekAlert!)] Press Release

Cancer Research UK and HSBC Join Forces in US$25 Million Partnership to Build the Francis Crick Institute
Cancer Research UK announced a partnership with HSBC to support the scientific leaders of tomorrow through a contribution of US$25 million towards the development of the Francis Crick Institute. [Cancer Research UK] Press Release

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Research Associate – Intestinal Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Scientist – Cancer Biology, Immunology and Gastrointestinal Research (Cedars-Sinai)

Postdoctoral Research Officer – Colon Cancer and Intestinal Development (Hudson Institute of Medical Research)

Project Manager – Manufacturing (Qu Biologics)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow/Research Scientist – Biotechnology (Qu Biologics)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Investigation of Intestinal Epithelial Integrity with Organoid Cultures (AbbVie Inc.)

PhD Positions – Gut Microbiota and Colon Cancer (University of Southern Denmark)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Epigenetic Modifiers (Van Andel Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Colorectal Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Ex Vivo Tumor Organoid Models (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Immunology (Shanghai Institute of Immunology)

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