Intestinal Cell News Volume 2.19 | May 27 2016

TOP STORY

Acquired Tissue-Specific Promoter Bivalency Is a Basis for PRC2 Necessity in Adult Cells

Researchers found that epigenomes in adult mouse intestine and other self-renewing tissues show fewer and distinct bivalent promoters compared to embryonic stem cells. In adult animals, Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) specifically represses genes with acquired, tissue-restricted promoter bivalency. [Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

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INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASES

TRIM31 Promotes Atg5/Atg7-Independent Autophagy in Intestinal Cells

Researchers report that human TRIM31 (tripartite motif), an intestine-specific protein localized in mitochondria, is essential for promoting lipopolysaccharide-induced Atg5/Atg7-independent autophagy. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Growth Hormone Is Permissive for Neoplastic Colon Growth

Investigators demonstrated that growth hormone (GH) suppresses p53 and reduces apoptosis in human colon cell lines as well as in induced human pluripotent stem cell-derived intestinal organoids, and confirmed in vivo that GH suppresses colon mucosal p53/p21. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Arhgap17, a RhoGTPase Activating Protein, Regulates Mucosal and Epithelial Barrier Function in the Mouse Colon

Investigators generated RhoGTPase-activating protein 17 (Arhgap17)-deficient mice and examined the effect in the epithelial and mucosal barriers of the intestine. [Sci Rep] Full Article

A Genomic Screen for Long Noncoding RNA Genes Epigenetically Silenced by Aberrant DNA Methylation in Colorectal Cancer

To identify cancer-related long noncoding RNAs, the authors screened for those that are epigenetically silenced in colorectal cancer. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Krüppel-Like Factor 4 Modulates Development of BMI1⁺ Intestinal Stem Cell-Derived Lineage Following γ-Radiation-Induced Gut Injury in Mice

Using a mouse model in which Krüppel-like factor 4 is deleted from quiescent BMI1⁺ intestinal stem cells, scientists observed increased proliferation from the BMI1⁺ lineage during homeostasis. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article

Knockdown of Linc-UFC1 Suppresses Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Colorectal Cancer

Long intergenic noncoding RNA UFC1 (linc-UFC1) was overexpressed in colorectal cancer patient tissues and positively correlated with tumor grade, N stage and M stage. Inhibition of linc-UFC1 resulted in cell proliferation inhibition and G1 cell cycle arrest, which was mediated by cyclin D1, CDK4, Rb and phosphorylated Rb. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

The Cytosolic Microbial Receptor Nod2 Regulates Small Intestinal Crypt Damage and Epithelial Regeneration following T Cell-Induced Enteropathy

Researchers found that acute T cell activation with anti-CD3 mAb induced stronger small intestinal mucosal damage in NOD2^-/- mice compared with wild-type mice. [J Immunol] Abstract

Cullin 3 Targets Methionine Adenosyltransferase IIα for Ubiquitylation-Mediated Degradation and Regulates Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation

Scientists found that cullin 3 down-regulation could rescue folate deprivation-induced methionine adenosyltransferase IIα exhaustion and growth arrest in colorectal cancer cells. [FEBS J] Abstract

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

A Feedback Amplification Loop between Stem Cells and Their Progeny Promotes Tissue Regeneration and Tumorigenesis

The authors identified a novel feedback mechanism in controlling intestinal regeneration and tumorigenesis in Drosophila. [eLife] Abstract | Download Full Article

Vagal Neurocircuitry and Its Influence on Gastric Motility

The authors summarize the organization and function of vagovagal reflex control of the upper gastrointestinal tract, present data on the plasticity within these neurocircuits after stress, and discuss the gastrointestinal dysfunctions observed in Parkinson’s disease as examples of physiological adjustment and maladaptation of these reflexes. [Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Oncolytics Biotech^® Inc. Reports Preliminary Data from Randomized Phase II Study of REOLYSIN^® in Colorectal Cancer

Oncolytics Biotech Inc. announced preliminary data from a randomized Phase II clinical trial of its lead product, REOLYSIN^®, in combination with FOLFOX-6 and bevacizumab in patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer. [Oncolytics Biotech Inc.] Press Release

Merrimack and Baxalta Announce Initiation of Phase I Study of MM-151 in Combination with the ONIVYDE^® (Irinotecan Liposome Injection) Regimen in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Baxalta Incorporated jointly announced the initiation of a Phase I clinical study of Merrimack’s oligoclonal epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, MM-151, in combination with ONIVYDE^® plus fluorouracil and leucovorin in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. [Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

NEW ISSCR 2016 Annual Meeting
June 22-25, 2016
San Francisco, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the intestinal cell community.

NEW Scientist – Intestinal Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Mucosal Immunology and Host-Microbiome Interactions in IBD (Weill Cornell Medical School)

Scientific Communications and Publishing Coordinator (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Technical Sales Representative (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Associate/Senior Research Associate – Bioinformatics and Statistical Genetics (University College London)

Postdoctoral Position – Human Systems Immunology, Gut Inflammation and IBD (University College Cork)

Associate Director – Intestinal Microbiota (Institute for Basic Science/POSTECH)

Junior Principle Investigator – Gut Immunology (Institute for Basic Science/POSTECH)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Norovirus-Intestinal Microbiota Interactions (University of Florida)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Bioinformatics in Host-Microbiota Interactions (Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute)

PhD Studentship – Gut Bacterial Metabolism (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven)

Research Assistant – Autoimmune/Cell Biology (Immunocore Ltd)

Faculty Positions – Clinical Immunology (Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation)

Grant Writer (Gladstone Institutes)

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