Intestinal Cell News Volume 2.27 | Jul 29 2016

TOP STORY

Local Triple-Combination Therapy Results in Tumor Regression and Prevents Recurrence in a Colon Cancer Model

Investigators demonstrated that the combination of gene, drug and phototherapy delivered through a prophylactic hydrogel patch leads, in a colon cancer mouse model, to complete tumor remission when applied to non-resected tumors and to the absence of tumor recurrence when applied following tumor resection. [Nat Mater] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASES

Intestinal Cell Damage and Systemic Immune Activation in Individuals Reporting Sensitivity to Wheat in the Absence of Celiac Disease

The authors revealed a state of systemic immune activation in conjunction with a compromised intestinal epithelium affecting a subset of individuals who experience sensitivity to wheat in the absence of coeliac disease. [Gut] Full Article

Role of SUMO Activating Enzyme in Cancer Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-Renewal

Using colorectal cancer (CC) cell lines, patient-derived xenograft tissues and patient tissues, scientists report that CC cancer stem cells (CSCs), which resist chemoradiation, have higher SUMO activating enzyme and global SUMOylation levels than non-CSCs. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Troy Is Expressed in Human Stomach Mucosa and a Novel Putative Prognostic Marker of Intestinal Type Gastric Cancer

In the non-neoplastic gastric mucosa, Troy was expressed by Muc5AC-positive foveolar epithelium, parietal cells, chief cells and cells of the intestinal metaplasia. In gastric cancer, Troy was found in the desmoplastic stroma and tumor cells. [Oncotarget] Full Article

Acetylation Modification Regulates GRP78 Secretion in Colon Cancer Cells

Researchers report that glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is secreted from colon cancer cells via exosomes. Histone deacetylase inhibitors blocked GRP78 release by inducing its aggregation in the ER. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Size and Dose Dependent Effects of Silver Nanoparticle Exposure on Intestinal Permeability in an In Vitro Model of the Human Gut Epithelium

Investigators showed that small-size silver nanoparticles have significant effects on intestinal permeability in an in vitro model of the human gastrointestinal epithelium. [J Nanobiotechnology] Full Article

Rosa Canina Extracts Have Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Effects on Caco-2 Human Colon Cancer

The authors demonstrated that rosehip extracts are a powerful antioxidant that produces an antiproliferative effect in Caco-2 cells [PLoS One] Full Article

Lentivirus-Mediated shRNA Interference of Ghrelin Receptor Blocks Proliferation in the Colorectal Cancer Cells

The therapeutic effect of lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting ghrelin receptor 1a was analyzed in colorectal cancer cell line SW480 both in vitro and in vivo. [Cancer Med] Abstract

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

Paradoxical Roles of Elongation Factor-2 Kinase in Stem Cell Survival

The authors report that knockout of elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K) protects mice from a lethal dose of whole-body ionizing radiation at 8Gy by reducing apoptosis levels in both bone marrow and gastrointestinal tracts. Similar to the loss of P53, eEF2K deficiency resulted in more severe damage to the gastrointestinal tract at 20 Gy with the increased mitotic cell death in small intestinal stem cells. [J Biol Chem] Abstract | Full Article

Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathway Changes with Intestinal Epithelial Cells Renewal Along Crypt-Villus Axis

Scientists showed that the amount of proteins involved in the cell cycle decreased from crypt to villus tip. The amount or phosphorylation level of proteins related to mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway in intestinal epithelial cells mainly decreased during maturation along the crypt-villus axis. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article

Developments in Methods for Measuring the Intestinal Absorption of Nanoparticle-Bound Drugs

The authors examine the various literature on the oral absorption of polymeric nanoparticles, and provide an overview of the intestinal absorption models that have been developed for the study of oral nanoparticles. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

LSK BioPharma Announces Successful Outcome from End-of-Phase II meeting with FDA

LSK BioPharma announced the successful completion and positive outcome of an End-of-Phase II meeting with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for apatinib, an investigational drug for treatment of solid tumors. [LSK BioPharma] Press Release

Novel Cannabinoid Pharmaceuticals Provide Targeted Delivery of Cannabinoids and Reduced Delivery of Psychoactive THC to the Brain

Vitality Biopharma, Inc. announced updates to its clinical development plans including the advancement of cannabosides for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. [Vitality Biopharma, Inc.] Press Release

Meet Europe’s New Science Advice Brigade

Too many cooks spoil the broth, goes the saying. Could too many advisers spoil the advice? On the contrary, say the seven scientists who front the European Commission’s new Scientific Advice Mechanism, and who collectively replaced the single-headed role of chief scientific adviser last year. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Trump vs Clinton: Worlds Apart on Science

Science is slowly coming into focus in the US presidential campaign. Although neither Republican Donald Trump nor Democrat Hillary Clinton has emphasized core research issues, the candidates — and their parties — are beginning to flesh out their positions on climate change, education, biomedical research and other topics that involve the scientific community. [Nature News] Editorial

Pan-European Pension Fund for Scientists Leaves the Station

A pan-European pension fund for researchers, called RESAVER, was set up by a consortium of employers to stimulate researcher mobility. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2016
October 7-11, 2016
Copenhagen, Denmark

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the intestinal cell community.

NEW Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Chromatin Dynamics in Intestinal Innate Immunity Gene Expression (The Babraham Institute)

Technical Sales Representative (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

PhD Position – Mesenchymal Niche Signaling in Colon Cancer (Georg-Speyer-Haus)

Postdoctoral Position – Mucosal Immunology (KU Leuven)

Postdoctoral Tra ining Fellow – Intestinal Stem Cell (Francis Crick Institute)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Colon Cancer (German Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Cell Biology of Listeria transcytosis Across the Intestinal Epithelium (Institut Pasteur Parius)

Assistant or Associate Member – Stem CellGene Therapy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

PhD Student – Intestinal Epithelial Cell Death and Barrier Function (University of East Anglia)

Research Technician – Preclinical and Translational Research (Qu Biologics)

Postdoctoral Scientists – Regenerative Medicine (Cedars-Sinai)

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