Intestinal Cell News Volume 2.33 | Sep 9 2016

TOP STORY

Intestinal Epithelial Cell-Intrinsic Deletion of Setd7 Identifies Role for Developmental Pathways in Immunity to Helminth Infection

Researchers sought to study the role of SETD7 during parasitic infections. They found that Setd7^-/- mice display increased resistance to infection with the helminth Trichuris muris but not Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri. Resistance to T. muris relies on an appropriate type 2 immune response that in turn prompts intestinal epithelial cells to alter differentiation and proliferation kinetics. [PLoS Pathog] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASES

Upregulation of CYP2S1 by Oxaliplatin Is Associated with p53 Status in Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

Oxaliplatin was found to strongly inhibit the growth of HCT116 cells harboring wild-type p53 but to only weakly inhibit SW480 cells, HT29 cells or p53^−/− HCT116 cells, which all lack p53 expression. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Increased Proliferation of the Ileal Epithelium as a Remote Effect of Ulcerative Colitis

The ileal mucosa was studied in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and in a spontaneous model of colitis (Il10/Nox1 mice) mimicking the histological and clinical features of UC and was also studied in acute and chronic murine models of chemically induced colitis. Proliferation and apoptosis were assessed using morphological and immunohistological methods and Western blot analysis. [Inflamm Bowel Dis] Abstract

MicroRNA-320a Strengthens Intestinal Barrier Function and Follows the Course of Experimental Colitis

Scientists evaluated the potential of the specific microRNA-320a to monitor disease activity in experimental colitis or patients with Crohn’s disease and investigated its functional role in intestinal epithelial barrier formation. [Inflamm Bowel Dis] Abstract

Susceptibility of Primary Chicken Intestinal Epithelial Cells for Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus and Velogenic Viscerotropic Newcastle Disease Virus

The authors established a primary chicken intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) culture model. Primary chicken embryo fibroblast cultures (CEFs) were used for comparison. IECs and CEFs were infected with a low infectious dose or high infectious dose, of low pathogenic avian influenza virus H9N2 or velogenic viscerotropic Newcastle disease virus Herts 33/56. [Virus Res] Abstract

Bmi-1 Promotes the Invasion and Migration of Colon Cancer Stem Cells through the Downregulation of E-Cadherin

The authors elucidated the mechanisms through which Bmi-1 promotes the invasion and migration of colon cancer stem cells using the HCT116 colon cancer cell line. [Int J Mol Med] Abstract

Chlorogenic Acid Induces Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Inhibits the Viability of Human Colon Cancer Cells

Researchers investigated the mechanisms of chlorogenic acid (CGA) activity in human colon cancer cells. The effects of CGA on the viability of two human colon cancer cell lines, HCT116 and HT29, were determined using the MTT assay. The intracellular reactive oxygen species were detected using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. [Anticancer Drugs] Abstract

Differential Expression of Toll-Like Receptor-2, -4 and -9 in Follicle-Associated Epithelium from Epithelia of Both Follicle-Associated Intestinal Villi and Ordinary Intestinal Villi in Rat Peyer’s Patches

The expressions of Toll-like receptor-2, -4 and -9 were immunohistochemically investigated in the follicle-associated epithelium, and epithelia of the follicle-associated intestinal villus and ordinary intestinal villus in rat Peyer’s patch regions with no bacterial colonies on the mucous membranes. [J Vet Med Sci] Abstract | Full Article

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

PRC2 Enacts Wnt Signaling in Intestinal Homeostasis and Contributes to the Instigation of Stemness in Diseases Entailing Epithelial Hyperplasia or Neoplasia

Investigators hypothesized that epigenetic regulator, Polycomb Repressive Complex-2 (PRC2), is involved in Wnt-mediated epithelial homeostasis on the crypt-villus axis and aberrancies therein are implicated both in celiac disease and in intestinal malignancies. [Stem Cells] Abstract

Neuroendocrine Peptide Mechanisms Controlling Intestinal Epithelial Function

The author focuses on recent advances in nutrient G protein-coupled receptor-chemosensation in L cells, the patterns of peptide release and consequent changes in gastrointestinal function. A clearer resolution of these mucosal mechanisms will shed light on potential receptor-target combinations that could provide less-invasive anti-diabesity strategies in future. [Curr Opin Pharmacol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Leading BioSciences Receives FDA Clearance to Proceed with Phase II Clinical Trial of LB1148 for Ileus and Adhesions

Leading BioSciences Inc. announced that it has received clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to initiate the PROFILE study, a Phase II clinical trial of its lead drug candidate, LB1148, for post-operative ileus and abdominal adhesions. [Leading BioSciences Inc. (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

Beacon Biomedical Inc. Honored with AZBio Fast Lane Award as It Ramps Up for Commercialization

Beacon Biomedical’s progress towards its commercial product launch this fall will be in the spotlight at the 2016 AZBio Awards on September 21, 2016 as they are honored with the AZBio Fast Lane Award. [Beacon Biomedical (Arizona Bioindustry Association, Inc.)] Press Release

Workshop on Ethics of Monkey Research Earns Cheers and Boos

Depending on whom you ask, the U.S. government workshop on the state of nonhuman primate research was either a raging success or a complete fiasco. The event, held at the National Institutes of Health brought together dozens of scientists, veterinarians, and bioethicists to discuss how research on monkeys and related animals is contributing to human medicine and to review the welfare policies that surround this work. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Announcement: Where are the Data?

As the research community embraces data sharing, academic journals can do their bit to help. Starting this month, all research papers accepted for publication in Nature and an initial 12 other Nature titles will be required to include information on whether and how others can access the underlying data. [Nature] Editorial

NEW Cell Culture and Downstream Processing World Congress
February 21-22, 2017
Munich, Germany

NEW World Advanced Therapies and Regenerative Medicine
May 17-19, 2017
London, United Kingdom

NEW European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2017 Congress
September 8-12, 2017
Madrid, Spain

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Research Assistant Position – Intestinal Immunology (Alexander Fleming Biomedical Sciences Research Center)

NEW Chair in Medical Biology – Head of the Department of Biology (Masaryk University)

Technical Sales Representative (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

PhD Fellowship – General and Advanced Interventional Gastroenterologists (Temple University)

Research Associate – Stem Cell Biology of the Intestine/Single-Cell and Computational Group (University of Cambridge)

Specialist – Digestion/Motility (Nestle Institute of Health Sciences)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Cancer Epidemiology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow or PhD Student – Gastrointestinal Cancers (Goethe University Frankfurt)

Senior Scientist – Human Microbiome (Nestle Institute of Health Sciences)

Assistant or Associate Member – Stem CellGene Therapy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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