Intestinal Cell News Volume 2.37 | Oct 7 2016

TOP STORY

Risk of Getting Cancer More than Just Bad Luck

Scientists at the University Medical Center Utrecht and the Hubrecht Institute have managed to detect errors in the DNA code of healthy human stem cells for the first time. They found that stem cells in organs with a high cancer risk collect the same amount of DNA–errors as organs with a low cancer risk. [Press release from the University Medical Center Utrecht discussing online prepublication in Nature] Press Release | Abstract

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INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASES

Inhibition of CDK4/6 Protects against Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury in Mice

Investigators showed that PD 0332991 (PD), an FDA-approved selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6), prevents radiation-induced lethal intestinal injury in mice. Treating mice with PD or a structurally distinct CDK4/6 inhibitor prior to radiation blocked proliferation and crypt apoptosis and improved crypt regeneration. [J Clin Invest] Full Article

Generation of an Inducible Colon-Specific Cre Enzyme Mouse Line for Colon Cancer Research

The authors aimed to develop a colon-specific inducible mouse model that can faithfully recapitulate human colon cancer initiation and progression. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

6-C-(E-phenylethenyl)naringenin Induces Cell Growth Inhibition and Cytoprotective Autophagy in Colon Cancer Cells

Scientists demonstrated that 6-C-(E-phenylethenyl)naringenin suppresses tumor cell proliferation through cell cycle arrest in G1 phase, induces necrotic cell death and autophagy in colon cancer cells. [Eur J Cancer] Abstract

Wnt-β-Catenin Signaling Regulates ABCC3 (MRP3) Transporter Expression in Colorectal Cancer

The investigators determined the gene expression profiles for 48 ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters in matched colon cancer and normal colon tissues in order to provide insight into the mechanisms underlying expression of transporters related to colon carcinogenesis. [Cancer Sci] Full Article

Genetic Determinants of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Proliferation in the Cytosol of Epithelial Cells

Little is known about the bacterial determinants of nascent Salmonella-containing vacuole lysis and subsequent survival and replication of Salmonella in the cytosol. To pinpoint S. Typhimurium virulence factors responsible for these steps in the intracellular infectious cycle, the authors screened a S. Typhimurium multi-gene deletion library in Caco-2 C2Bbe1 and HeLa epithelial cells for mutants that had an altered proportion of cytosolic bacteria compared to the wild type. [Infect Immun] Abstract

Chk1 and DNA-PK Mediate TPEN-Induced DNA Damage in a ROS Dependent Manner in Human Colon Cancer Cells

The scientists studied the DNA damage potential of TPEN and deciphered the role of Chk1, ATM and DNA-PK in TPEN-induced toxicity in three human colon cancer cell lines, HCT116, SW480 and HT29. [Cancer Biol Ther] Abstract

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

A Dynamic WNT/β-CATENIN Signaling Environment Leads to WNT-Independent and WNT-Dependent Proliferation of Embryonic Intestinal Progenitor Cells

Researchers investigated a role for WNT/β-CATENIN signaling during the pseudostratified stages of development (E13.5, E14.5) and following villus formation (E15.5) in mice [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article

Quantitative Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Comparison of 2D and 3D Colon Cancer Cell Culture Models

The quantitative proteome and phosphoproteome of colon carcinoma HT29 cells cultures in two-dimensional (2D) monolayers and three-dimensional (3D) spheroids were compared with a stable isotope labeling of amino acids labeling strategy. [J Proteome Res] Abstract

Isolation and Culture of Adult Intestinal, Gastric, and Liver Organoids for Cre-Recombinase-Mediated Gene Deletion

Investigators described robust protocols to establish organoids from gastrointestinal tissues (stomach, intestine, liver) and Cre-recombinase mediated gene manipulation in vitro. [Methods Mol Biol] Abstract

Tuft Cells: New Players in Colitis

The authors explore emerging evidence suggesting that tuft cells are critical for protection during enteric infections and inflammatory responses. [Trends Mol Med] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Dr. Allen Eaves of STEMCELL Technologies Inc. Named EY Entrepreneur of The Year^™ Pacific 2016

Dr. Allen Eaves, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of STEMCELL Technologies, a global biotechnology company that supplies tools and services to enable life science research, is this year’s Entrepreneur of the Year Pacific winner. [Ernst & Young (CNW Group Ltd.)] Press Release

FDA Approves Stelara^® (Ustekinumab) for Treatment Of Adults with Moderately to Severely Active Crohn’s Disease

Janssen Biotech, Inc., announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved STELARA^® for the treatment of moderately to severely active Crohn’s disease in adults who have failed or were intolerant to treatment with immunomodulators or corticosteroids but never failed treatment with a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blocker, or who failed or were intolerant to treatment with one or more TNF blockers. [Janssen Biotech, Inc.] Press Release

Capsugel Launches Vcaps^® Enteric Capsules for Enteric Protection and Delayed Release

Capsugel announced the launch of its Vcaps^® Enteric capsules, a new functional capsule technology that achieves enteric protection and delayed release without the need for functional coating. [Capsugel Belgium NV] Press Release

Biostage Provides Regulatory Update of Cellspan™ Esophageal Implant

Biostage, Inc. announced a regulatory update following its planned pre-Investigational New Drug meeting with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the advancement of its lead product candidate, Cellspan Esophageal Implant, into human clinical studies. [Biostage, Inc.] Press Release

Brexit Government’s Anti-Immigration Stance Spooks UK Scientists

UK scientists say they’re dismayed by their new government’s toughened stance on curbing immigration, including ideas to restrict the flow of foreign students and workers. [Nature News] Editorial

Dramatic Twists Could Upend Patent Battle over CRISPR Genome-Editing Method

The 9-month-old patent battle over CRISPR, a novel genome-editing tool that could have immense commercial value, has taken two surprising twists. Last week, attorneys for the Broad Institute in Cambridge, Massachusetts, one of the research organizations vying for CRISPR rights, submitted motions that could let it win even if it loses. [Science Insider] Editorial

Democratic Databases: Science on GitHub

Scientists are turning to a software–development site to share data and code. [Nature Toolbox] Editorial

UK Bioethicists Eye Designer Babies and CRISPR Cows

From designer babies to engineered mosquitoes, advances in genome-editing technologies such as CRISPR–Cas9 have raised the possibility of tremendous scientific advances — and serious ethical concerns. [Nature News] Editorial

Biologists Plan Scoring System for Antibodies

Biomedical experts plan to create a scoring system that will help researchers choose reliable antibodies for their experiments. The only problems: figuring out how such a ranking would work — and getting manufacturers to adopt the standard. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Bile Acid Receptors as Signal Integrators in Liver and Metabolism
March 3-7, 2017
Monterey, United States

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NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Intestinal Tissue Engineering (Francis Crick Institute)

NEW Research Assistant – Small Animal Internal Medicine (University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Mucosal immunology / Neuro-immune interaction (KU Leuven)

NEW Director – Basic and Translational Research (University of Maryland School of Medicine)

PhD Scholarship – Intestine Modelling for Drug Delivery Studies (Technical University of Denmark)

Chair in Medical Biology – Head of the Department of Biology (Masaryk University)

PhD Fellowship – General and Advanced Interventional Gastroenterologists (Temple University)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Cancer Epidemiology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow or PhD Student – Gastrointestinal Cancers (Goethe University Frankfurt)

Assistant or Associate Member – Stem CellGene Therapy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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