Intestinal Cell News 2.39 October 21, 2016 | |
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TOP STORYSelective Targeting of Mutant Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) in Colorectal Cancer Researchers describe a chemical screen using normal human colonic epithelial cells (HCECs) and a series of oncogenically progressed HCECs containing a truncated adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein. With this screen, they identified a small molecule, truncated APC selective inhibitor–1, that specifically kills cells with APC truncations but spares normal and cancer cells with wild-type APC. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | Press Release | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASESA Hyaluronidase Responsive Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery System for Targeting Colon Cancer Cells Investigators used mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) to fabricate a targeted drug delivery system that is responsive to hyaluronidase (HAase). Following engraftment of desthiobiotin onto the surface of MSN, a streptavidin complex was generated which was functionalized with biotin-modified hyaluronic acid to enable controlled drug release at cancer cells expressing HAase. [Cancer Res] Abstract The difficulties in sustaining O. formigenes colonization underscore the need to identify the derived factors inducing colonic oxalate secretion. The authors, therefore, evaluated the effects of O. formigenes culture conditioned medium on apical 14C-oxalate uptake by human intestinal Caco-2-BBE cells. [J Am Soc Nephrol] Abstract Scientists employed high-resolution mass spectrometric profiling to comprehensively identify and quantitatively measure the exact modifications of native intestinal epithelial cell surface N-glycans induced by S. Typhimurium infection. [Mol Cell Proteomics] Abstract | Full Article Researchers report that villin is cleaved in the intestinal mucosa to generate a pro-apoptotic fragment that is spatially restricted to the villus tips. This cleaved villin fragment severs actin in an unregulated fashion to initiate the extrusion and subsequent apoptosis of effete cells from the villus tips. [Sci Rep] Full Article Resveratrol Induces Mitochondrial Respiration and Apoptosis in SW620 Colon Cancer Cells Although resveratrol has been described to act as a calorie-restriction mimetic, modulating energy metabolism in normal tissues, little efforts have been done to study the effects of this polyphenol in the metabolism of cancer cells. Taking this into account, the authors aimed to explore metabolic effects of this polyphenol in colon cancer. [Biochim Biophys Acta] Abstract The authors designed a permeation enhancers (PEs)-based liquid dispersion that can improve intestinal permeation of macromolecules across Caco-2 monolayers and isolated rat/human intestinal mucosae mounted in Ussing chambers. An enhancer screen in monolayers based on permeability and cytotoxicity initially identified methyl 10-hydroxydecanoate as a candidate. [AAPS J] Abstract HOXB4 Gene Expression Is Regulated by CDX2 in Intestinal Epithelial Cells Researchers investigated whether homeobox (HOX) B4 gene expression is regulated by Caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2) in the intestinal epithelium. They demonstrated binding of CDX2 to four different CDX2 binding sites in an enhancer region located upstream of the HOXB4 transcription start site. [PLoS One] Full Article Characterization of In Vitro Effects of Microcystin-LR on Intestinal Epithelial Cells Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a cyclic heptapeptide, is one of the best known toxins able to alter the functions of intestine. Investigators evaluated the toxic effects and the possible mechanisms of MC-LR on barrier function of the intestinal epithelial cells. Intestinal epithelial cells were exposed to 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 μM MC-LR. [Environ Toxicol] Abstract | |
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REVIEWSEpithelial Glycosylation in Gut Homeostasis and Inflammation Using α1,2-fucose and Fut2 gene expression as an example, the authors describe how epithelial glycosylation is controlled by immune cells and luminal microbes. They also address the pathophysiological contribution of epithelial α1,2-fucosylation to pathogenic and commensal microbes as well as the potential of α1,2-fucose and its regulatory pathway as previously unexploited targets in the development of new therapeutic approaches for human diseases. [Nat Immunol] Abstract Human Intestinal Barrier Function in Health and Disease The authors review the role of intestinal permeability in common disorders such as infections with intestinal pathogens, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, obesity, celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity, and food allergies will be discussed. [Clin Transl Gastroenterol] Full Article Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSTakeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited presented data on the real-world effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Findings indicated notable clinical remission rates, reductions in disease activity scores and improved mucosal healing in more than 5,000 patients with UC and CD receiving treatment with vedolizumab in real-world clinical practice. [Press release from Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited discussing research presented at the United European Gastroenterology (UEG) Week, Vienna] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSEsperite’s business unit The Cell Factory in collaboration with Women’s and Children’s Health Department of the University of Padua and the Padua University Hospital are developing therapies for inflammatory bowel disease using extracellular vesicles. The first target is Crohn’s disease perianal fistulas in adults. [Esperite N.V.] Press Release Allergan plc announced the formation of the IBS CounSEL, a group of multidisciplinary experts dedicated to improving diagnosis and management of irritable bowel syndrome by providing support, education and leadership to physicians and allied healthcare professionals. [Allergan plc.] Press Release Dr. Carol A. Burke Elected President of the American College of Gastroenterology Carol A. Burke, MD, FACG, was elected by the membership as the 2016-2017 President of the American College of Gastroenterology, a national specialty association representing almost 14,000 clinical gastroenterologists and other specialists in digestive diseases. [American College of Gastroenterology (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSEurope’s Drug Regulator Opens Vaults of Clinical-Trials Data In a move lauded as a landmark for transparency in medical science, the London-based European Medicines Agency (EMA) has begun to publish details of the full clinical-trial data that it receives from pharmaceutical companies. The disclosures make the EMA the first major drug regulatory agency to publish the warts-and-all results of clinical investigations that drug developers submit when they apply for the agency’s approval to market medicines in the EU. [Nature News] Editorial How Republicans Reshaped the House Science Committee Lamar Smith has made his mark on science. As chairman of the US House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Texas Republican has launched dozens of investigations into alleged wrongdoing by scientists, environmental groups and government officials. And he shows no signs of slowing down. [Nature News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Challenges, Solutions and Progress in Stem Cell Medicine Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Infection Biology (UmeÃ¥ University) Postdoctoral Fellow – Intestinal Tissue Engineering (Francis Crick Institute) Postdoctoral Fellow – Mucosal immunology / Neuro-immune interaction (KU Leuven) Director – Basic and Translational Research (University of Maryland School of Medicine) PhD Scholarship – Intestine Modeling for Drug Delivery Studies (Technical University of Denmark) Chair in Medical Biology – Head of the Department of Biology (Masaryk University) PhD Fellowship – General and Advanced Interventional Gastroenterologists (Temple University) Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Cancer Epidemiology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Postdoctoral Fellow or PhD Student – Gastrointestinal Cancers (Goethe University Frankfurt) Assistant or Associate Member – Stem CellGene Therapy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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Home Intestinal Cell News Volume 2.39 | Oct 20 2016