Intestinal Cell News 2.42 November 18, 2016 | |
| |
TOP STORYDesigner Matrices for Intestinal Stem Cell and Organoid Culture The authors used modular synthetic hydrogel networks to define the key extracellular matrix (ECM) parameters that govern intestinal stem cell expansion and organoid formation, and showed that separate stages of the process require different mechanical environments and ECM components. [Nature] Abstract | Press Release | |
| |
PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASESScientists evaluated the effects of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing 2 (Nod2) deletion in a murine model of spontaneous ileitis, i.e., the SAMP1Yit/Fc strain, which closely resembles Crohn’s disease. Remarkably, Nod2 deletion improved both chronic cobblestone ileitis, as well as acute dextran sodium sulfate colitis. [Mucosal Immunol] Abstract Investigators studied the prognostic value of KCNQ1 in stage II and stage III colon cancer patients. [Br J Cancer] Abstract Researchers analyzed ribosome-free rpL3 (L3) expression profile in colon cancer tissues and demonstrated that L3 mRNA amount decreased with malignant progression and the intensity of its expression was inversely related to tumor grade and Bcl-2/Bax ratio. [Oncotarget] Full Article The authors aimed to evaluate whether astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) is involved in radiation-enhanced migration and invasion in vitro and in a novel in vivo zebrafish model. [Oncotarget] Full Article Effects of Arginine on Intestinal Epithelial Cell Integrity and Nutrient Uptake The authors investigated the influence of extracellular arginine concentrations on epithelial cell barrier regulation and nutrition uptake by porcine small intestinal epithelial cell line. The results showed that reducing arginine concentration from 0·7 to 0·2 mm did not affect the transepithelial electrical resistance value, tight-junction proteins, phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases and mucin-1 expression. [Br J Nutr] Abstract Investigators hypothesized that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of tumorigenesis-related gene expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells by leptin and insulin. To test this hypothesis, miRNA levels in the CRC-derived cell lines HCT-116, HT-29 and DLD-1 were profiled, following leptin and insulin treatment. [BMC Cancer] Full Article Scientists investigated the underlying mechanism and role of galectin-1 (Gal-1) in metastasis and invasion of colorectal cancer cells after toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) stimulation. Exposure to the TLR4 ligand lipopolysaccharide increased expression of Gal-1, induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related cytokines, triggered the activation of glycolysis-related enzymes, and promoted lactate production. [Mol Cell Biochem] Abstract INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCHIntercellular Coupling of the Cell Cycle and Circadian Clock in Adult Stem Cell Culture Researchers observed reduced-amplitude oscillations of circadian rhythms in intestinal stem cells and progenitor cells, indicating an intercellular signal arising from differentiated cells governing circadian clock-dependent synchronized cell division cycles. Stochastic simulations and experimental validations reveal Paneth cell-secreted WNT as the key intercellular coupling component linking the circadian clock and cell cycle in enteroids. [Mol Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Investigators examined the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and polyphenol (curcumin) combination on leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5-positive (Lgr5+) stem cells during tumor initiation and progression in the colon compared with an n-6 PUFA-enriched control diet. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article | |
| |
REVIEWSThe Intestinal Epithelial Barrier: A Therapeutic Target? The authors review and discuss mechanisms of intestinal barrier loss and the role of intestinal epithelial barrier function in pathogenesis of both intestinal and systemic diseases. They conclude with a discussion of potential strategies to restore the epithelial barrier. [Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field. | |
| |
INDUSTRY NEWSJanssen-Cilag International NV announced that the European Commission has approved the use of STELARA® for the treatment of adult patients with moderately to severely active Crohn’s disease who have had an inadequate response with, lost response to, or were intolerant to either conventional therapy or a tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonist or have medical contraindications to such therapies. [Janssen-Cilag International NV] Press Release Northwest Biotherapeutics joined the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz in Germany in announcing a Phase II clinical trial program combining DCVax®-L and Pembrolizumab for colorectal cancer with liver metastases. [Northwest Biotherapeutics] Press Release | |
| |
POLICY NEWSBrazil’s Scientists Battle to Escape 20-Year Funding Freeze Brazil’s science budget has shrunk by more than 40% in the past three years. But researchers are now trying to escape an even worse crisis: federal science spending could be frozen at its current low level for the next two decades, under a constitutional amendment to cap public spending to only inflation-level rises. [Nature News] Editorial UK Politicians Demand Brexit Guarantee for EU Scientists Ever since June’s Brexit referendum, scientists have fretted about the uncertainty caused for non-British EU nationals, who have been left unsure what their employment rights may be in a few years’ time. There are around 31,000 such researchers in the United Kingdom, according to a Royal Society estimate, and they make up about 15% of UK universities’ academic staff. [Nature News] Editorial EMA Revises Guideline on First-in-Human Trials The European Medicines Agency (EMA), in cooperation with the European Commission and the EU member states, proposed revisions to its 2007 guideline on first-in-human clinical trials as part of an effort to further improve the safety of participants as trial protocols become increasingly complex. [Regulatory Affairs Professionals Society] Editorial | Guideline How Self-Appointed Guardians of “Sound Science” Tip the Scales Toward Industry At a time when public mistrust of science runs high, and non-experts are hard-pressed to separate fact from industry-sponsored spin, Sense About Science, a charity based in London with an affiliate in New York, presents itself as a trustworthy arbiter. The organization purports to help the misinformed public sift through alarmist claims about public health and the environment by directing journalists, policymakers, and others to vetted sources who can explain the evidence behind debates about controversial products like e-cigarettes and flame retardants. [The Intercept_] Editorial CRISPR Gene-Editing Tested in a Person for the First Time A Chinese group has become the first to inject a person with cells that contain genes edited using the revolutionary CRISPR–Cas9 technique. [Nature News] Editorial Disgraced Stem-Cell Entrepreneur Under Fresh Investigation Public prosecutors in Turin, Italy, are investigating whether disgraced stem-cell entrepreneur Davide Vannoni — convicted on criminal charges last year for administering unproven stem-cell therapies in Italy — is offering his treatments again, this time in eastern Europe. [Nature News] Editorial The Ultimate Experiment: How Trump Will Handle Science The long campaign for the White House is over — but incoming US president Donald Trump’s work is just starting. With just two months before his inauguration on 20 January, he and his staff are busy vetting candidates for top government jobs and clarifying the agenda for his first few months in office. [Nature News] Editorial Embryonic Stem Cells and Fetal Tissue Research—Will Trump Intervene? Of all the materials valued in biomedical research, embryonic stem (ES) cells and fetal tissue have gotten disproportionate attention from politicians. Because creating ES cell lines initially requires destroying a human embryo, President George W. Bush tightly restricted the use of federal funds for research on all but a few stem cell lines. President Barack Obama then made lifting those restrictions one of his first official actions after he took office in 2009. [Science Insider] Editorial
| |
EVENTSNEW 19th International Conference on Clinical Application of Adult Stem Cells Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
| |
JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Assistant Professor – Molecular Therapeutics of Cancer (Dartmouth College) PhD Studentships – Cancer Research (University of Cambridge) Academic Gastrointestinal Pathologist – Faculty Position (University of Utah) Research Technician III IV – Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Portfolio Manager – Material and Recipe Manager (Nestle Institute of Health Sciences) Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Infection Biology (UmeÃ¥ University) Postdoctoral Fellow – Mucosal immunology / Neuro-immune interaction (KU Leuven) Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Cancer Epidemiology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Assistant or Associate Member – Stem CellGene Therapy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
| |
Have we missed an important article or publication in Intestinal Cell News? Click here to submit! Comments or suggestions? Submit your feedback here. | |
|
Home Intestinal Cell News Volume 2.42 | Nov 18 2016