Intestinal Cell News 3.29 August 4, 2017 | |
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TOP STORYTumor Microenvironment Confers mTOR Inhibitor Resistance in Invasive Intestinal Adenocarcinoma Although mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1) and dual mTORC1/2 inhibitors are currently under development to treat various malignancies, the emergence of drug resistance has proven to be a major complication. Using the cis-Apc/Smad4 mouse model of locally invasive intestinal adenocarcinoma, the authors showed that administration of everolimus or the dual mTORC1/2 inhibitor AZD8055 significantly reduces the growth of intestinal tumors. [Oncogene] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASESInvestigators elucidated the molecular mechanisms responsible for evading cell death in colorectal cancer stem cells (CSCs) mediated by anticancer agents. During the cell cycle arrest caused by anticancer agents, they found that c-Myc expression was substantially decreased in colorectal CSCs. [Stem Cells] Abstract The authors explored the levels of miR-125a-3p and fucosyltransferase (FUT) expression in human colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and two human CRC cell lines by qPCR. The results showed that miR-125a-3p, FUT5 and FUT6 are differentially expressed in normal and tumor tissues. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article Keratin 23 Promotes Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Expression and Human Colorectal Cancer Growth Researchers investigated the roles of KRT23 and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in promoting colorectal cancer cell proliferation and migration. They identified KRT23 as a new hTERT promoter-binding protein. Patients with high KRT23 and hTERT expression had markedly shorter overall survival. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article Scientists showed that resveratrol induces both a cell growth arrest and a metabolic reprogramming in colon cancer cells. Resveratrol modified the lipidomic profile, increased oxidative capacities and decreased glycolysis, in association with a decreased pentose phosphate activity and an increased ATP production. [Sci Rep] Full Article The authors observed that DUXAP10 was up-regulated in colorectal cancer tissues which was positively correlated with advanced pathological stages, larger tumor sizes and lymph node metastasis. Knockdown of DUXAP10 inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis and increased the number of G0/G1 cells significantly in the HCT116 and SW480 cell lines. [Sci Rep] Full Article INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCHInvestigators showed that intrinsic autophagy in intestinal stem cells (ISCs) is important for ISC homeostasis. Mice lacking autophagy protein 5 in intestinal epithelial cells (iECs) or in all iECs except Paneth cells had significantly fewer ISCs than did control mice and showed impaired ISC-dependent intestinal recovery after irradiation. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Researchers had previously shown that the canonical Wnt signaling pathway is involved in adult epithelial development in the X. laevis intestine. To understand the function of this pathway more precisely, they focused on CD44, a major Wnt target, which has been identified as a thyroid hormone response gene in the X. laevis intestine. [Stem Cells] Abstract To elucidate whether miRNA plays a role in the commensal microbiome-dependent intestinal epithelial barrier regulation, scientists compared transcripts in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) from conventional and germ-free mice and found that commensal bacteria induced the expression of miR-21-5p in IECs. [J Biol Chem] Abstract | Full Article To identify responsible regions in serum amyloid A (SAA)3 for mucin 2 (MUC2) expression, recombinant murine SAA1 (rSAA1), rSAA3, and rSAA1/3, a chimera protein constructed with mature SAA1 and SAA3, and vice versa for rSAA3/1, were added to murine colonic epithelial CMT-93 cells, and the mRNA expressions of MUC2 and cytokines were measured. [PLoS One] Full Article The native extracellular matrix (ECM) serves as a unique platform for tissue engineering because it provides an organ-specific scaffold in terms of both matrix composition and tissue architecture. However, efficacious cell-seeding techniques for recellularizing the ECM constructs with appropriate cell types to restore biologic function remain under development. The impact of spraying as a seeding technique for repopulation of decellularized small intestine was investigated. [Tissue Eng Part C Methods] Abstract | |
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REVIEWSThe authors explore the available data on panitumumab and present new perspectives on predictive markers of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) efficacy including primary tumor sidedness and BRAF mutations. [Expert Opin Biol Ther] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSThe Cancer Research Institute and Israel Cancer Research Fund announced the establishment of The Immunotherapy Promise™ fund, a groundbreaking, collaborative campaign bringing together the leading funder of immunotherapy research internationally with North America’s largest nonprofit dedicated to supporting Israeli cancer research. [Cancer Research Institute] Press Release Biomedical Informatics Gets a Boost with $2.5 Million Grant As more and more health care data become available, the ability to efficiently analyze and utilize these data is growing increasingly problematic. At the same time, there aren’t enough people trained in the field of biomedical informatics. A new five-year $2.5 million grant to the Department of Biomedical Informatics in the Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences at the University at Buffalo will train a new cadre of research leaders skilled in analyzing and interpreting these data. [University at Buffalo] Press Release Bristol-Myers Squibb Company announced the U.S. FDA has approved Opdivo injection for intravenous use for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer that has progressed following treatment with a fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan. [Bristol-Myers Squibb Company] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSDrug Approval Needs a Helping Hand It’s time for researchers to lend their expertise to expediting the arrival of cutting-edge therapies that are waiting in the wings. [Nature News] Editorial After French Drug Trial Tragedy, European Union Issues New Rules to Protect Study Volunteers The European Medicines Agency has issued new, stricter rules for studies that test drugs in people for the first time. They aim to better protect participants in such first-in-human studies—often healthy volunteers who receive a financial reward. [ScienceInsider] Editorial University of Tokyo Probe Says Chromosome Team Doctored Images After a nearly year-long investigation into anonymous allegations of data and image falsification in numerous papers, a University of Tokyo committee announced it had confirmed that one research group falsified images and graphs in five papers. The panel cleared five other research groups of wrongdoing. [ScienceInsider] Editorial Why Would a University Pay a Scientist Found Guilty of Misconduct to Leave? In June 2016, investigators at the University of Georgia in Athens concluded that Azza El-Remessy, a faculty member who studied the impact of diabetes on the eye, had committed misconduct and recommended she be terminated. El-Remessy hired a lawyer to dispute the findings, but the following October she gave up her challenge after the university paid her $100,000—essentially to leave. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Keystone Symposia: Endoderm Development and Disease: Cross-Organ Comparison and Interplay Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESPostdoctoral Fellow – Gut Microbiota and Colon Cancer (University of Toronto) Group Leader – Host Pathogen Interactions (QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute) Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Organoids (Radboud University) Postdoctoral Research Associate – Cancer Research (Southern Research Institute) Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Epithelial Cell Biology (University of Gothenburg) Postdoctoral Research Associate – Colorectal Cancer (University of Virginia) Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Cancer Epidemiology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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