Intestinal Cell News Volume 3.30 | Aug 11 2017

TOP STORY

Loss of Claudin-3 Expression Induces IL6/gp130/Stat3 Signaling to Promote Colon Cancer Malignancy by Hyperactivating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling

Investigators discovered, using a comprehensive investigative regimen, a novel and tissue-specific role of claudin-3, a tight junction integral protein, in inhibiting colon cancer progression by serving as the common rheostat of Stat-3 and Wnt-signaling activation. Loss of claudin-3 also predicted poor patient survival. [Oncogene] Abstract

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INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASES

RNF183 Promotes Proliferation and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Cells via Activation of NF-κB-IL-8 Axis

Ring finger domain proteins have been reported involved in carcinogenesis, but their roles in colorectal cancer are rarely studied. RNF183 activated NF-κB signal pathway through P65 and stimulated the transcription of multifunctional chemokine IL-8. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Anti-Colon Cancer Effect of Caffeic Acid p-Nitro-Phenethyl Ester In Vitro and In Vivo and Detection of Its Metabolites

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), extracted from propolis, has been proven to inhibit colon cancer. Caffeic acid p-nitro-phenethyl ester (CAPE-pNO₂), a derivative of CAPE, was determined to be an anti-platelet agent and a protector of myocardial ischemia with more potent effects. CAPE-pNO₂ showed stronger cytotoxic activity than CAPE. The authors revealed interactions between CAPE-pNO₂ and experimental cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Long Noncoding RNA BC032913 as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Colorectal Cancer that Suppresses Metastasis by Upregulating TIMP3

Scientists explored long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) profiles in colorectal cancer (CRC) and investigated key lncRNAs involved in CRC tumorigenesis and progression. BC032913 enhanced the mRNA and protein expression of TIMP3 and inhibited Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity, thus suppressing CRC metastasis in vitro and in vivo. [Mol Ther Nucleic Acids] Full Article

MicroRNA-27a Promotes the Proliferation and Invasiveness of Colon Cancer Cells by Targeting SFRP1 through the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Researchers explored the effects of miR-27a on the proliferation and invasiveness of colon cancer cells through the secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Compared with normal tissues and cells, colon cancer tissues and cells demonstrated significantly higher expression of miR-27a, but lower expressions of SFRP1 mRNA and protein. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article

Biphasic ROS Production, p53 and BIK Dictate the Mode of Cell Death in Response to DNA Damage in Colon Cancer Cells

The authors showed that increased BH3-only protein BIK levels promoted cisplatin- and UV-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and biphasic reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in HCT-116 wild-type cells. Early single peak of ROS formation along with lysosomal membrane permeabilization and cathepsin activation regulated cisplatin- and UV-induced necrosis in p53-null HCT-116 cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

Luteolin Induces Apoptotic Cell Death via Antioxidant Activity in Human Colon Cancer Cells

Investigators determined whether luteolin induces HT-29 colon cancer cell death through an antioxidant effect such as the activation of antioxidant enzymes. Luteolin decreased cell viability in human colon cancer cells, whereas it had no effect on normal colon cells. [Int J Oncol] Abstract

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

Intestinal Toxicity of the Type B Trichothecene Mycotoxin Fusarenon-X: Whole Transcriptome Profiling Reveals New Signaling Pathways

Using histo-morphological analysis and whole transcriptome profiling, researchers obtained a global view of the intestinal alterations induced by fusarenon-X (FX). Deoxynivalenol (DON) served as a benchmark. FX induced more severe histological alterations than DON. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Persistent TGEV Infection Enhances ETEC K88 Adhesion by Promoting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

The authors hypothesized that persistent transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) infection stimulates the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), thereby generating cells that more easily adhere to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). They found that TGEV can persistently infect porcine intestinal columnar epithelial cells, and cause EMT, consistent with multiple changes in key cell characteristics. [J Virol] Abstract

Advanced Three-Dimensional Culture of Equine Intestinal Epithelial Stem Cells

Scientists describe the methods of equine stem cell culture and highlight the future benefits of these techniques for the advancement of equine medicine. Intestinal crypts were successfully cultured and matured into 3D enteroids containing a lumen and budding structures. [Equine Vet J] Abstract

Perianal Fistulizing Crohn’s Disease: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Therapy

The authors provide an up-to-date overview on the pathogenesis and diagnosis of fistulizing Crohn’s disease, as well as therapeutic strategies. [Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Researchers Get $1.4 Million to Study Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Treat Intestinal Inflammation

Researchers in Georgia State University’s Institute for Biomedical Sciences have received a four-year, $1.4 million federal grant to study novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of intestinal inflammation. [Georgia State University] Press Release

Theravance Biopharma Reports Encouraging Data from First Cohort of Patients in Phase Ib Clinical Trial of TD-1473 in Ulcerative Colitis

Theravance Biopharma, Inc. announced early evidence of localized target engagement from the company’s ongoing Phase Ib clinical trial of TD-1473 in patients with moderate to severe active ulcerative colitis. TD-1473 is a novel, potent, orally administered and intestinally restricted pan-Janus kinase inhibitor in clinical development, with the potential to treat a range of inflammatory intestinal diseases. [Theravance Biopharma, Inc.] Press Release

Jaguar Health Subsidiary Napo Pharmaceuticals Receives Orphan-Drug Designation for Mytesi (Crofelemer) for Treatment of Short Bowel Syndrome

Jaguar Health, Inc. announced that Mytesi^®, a product of Jaguar’s wholly-owned subsidiary Napo Pharmaceuticals, has received orphan-drug designation from the FDA for the treatment of short bowel syndrome. [Jaguar Health, Inc.] Press Release

US Biomedical-Research Facilities Unprepared for Attacks and Natural Disasters

Science panel says institutions need to do more to prevent and mitigate damage to research equipment and animals. [Nature News] Editorial

Thousands across India March in Support of Science

Thousands of scientists, university students and science enthusiasts gathered in dozens of Indian cities to march in support of science — lamenting their country’s low levels of funding for research, and complaining about government promotion of ‘unscientific ideas’. [Nature News] Editorial

FDA Cracks Down on Pioneering Doctor Who Created a Three-Parent Baby

The New York-based doctor who helped a couple have a child using DNA from three people has been told by the FDA that he can’t go ahead with clinical trials meant to test the technique. [MIT Technology Review] Editorial

NEW Stem Cell Society Singapore (SCSS) Symposium 2017
November 16-17, 2017
Singapore, Singapore

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Research Associate – Colorectal Cancer (University College London)

Research Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Genetics, Epigenetics and Biomarkers (Baylor Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Gut Microbiota and Colon Cancer (University of Toronto)

Postdoctoral Position – Inflammation and Cancer (Brigham & Women’s Hospital – Harvard Medical School)

Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Organoids (Radboud University)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Cancer Research (Southern Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Epithelial Cell Biology (University of Gothenburg)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Colorectal Cancer (University of Virginia)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Genomics and Precision Medicine (Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Cancer Epidemiology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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