Intestinal Cell News Volume 3.32 | Aug 25 2017

TOP STORY

Activation of NF-κB by Tumor Necrosis Factor in Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Mouse Intestinal Epithelia Reduces Expression of the Chloride Transporter SLC26A3

Researchers investigated whether tumor necrosis factor directly affects expression of solute carrier family 26 member 3 in human intestinal epithelial cells and in intestines of mice, and studied the mechanisms of these effects. [Gastroenterology] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASES

Twa1/Gid8 Is a β-Catenin Nuclear Retention Factor in Wnt Signaling and Colorectal Tumorigenesis

Researchers report that Twa1/Gid8 is a key nuclear retention factor for β-catenin during Wnt signaling and colorectal carcinogenesis. In the absence of Wnt, Twa1 exists together with β-catenin in the Axin complex and undergoes ubiquitination and degradation. [Cell Res] Full Article

Impact of Copper Oxide Nanomaterials on Differentiated and Undifferentiated Caco-2 Intestinal Epithelial Cells; Assessment of Cytotoxicity, Barrier Integrity, Cytokine Production and Nanomaterial Penetration

Copper oxide nanomaterials (CuO NMs) and CuSO₄ caused a concentration dependent decrease in cell viability in undifferentiated cells. CuO NMs and CuSO₄ translocated across the differentiated Caco-2 cell monolayer. CuO NM mediated interleukin-8 production was over two-fold higher in undifferentiated cells. [Part Fibre Toxicol] Full Article

Constitutive Immune Activity Promotes Tumorigenesis in Drosophila Intestinal Progenitor Cells

Scientists examined the consequences of persistent inflammatory signals in adult fly intestinal progenitor cells. They found that constitutive immune activity disrupts expression of homeostatic regulators such as Notch pathway components and induces hyperplasia throughout the gut. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

AKT2 Suppresses Pro-Survival Autophagy Triggered by DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Colorectal Cancer Cells

Researchers studied the role of double-strand breaks (DSBs) induced by cytolethal distending toxin and ionizing radiation as a trigger of autophagy, which is a cellular degradation process involved in cell homeostasis, genome protection and cancer. The regulatory mechanisms of DSB-induced autophagy were analyzed, focusing on the ATM-p53-mediated DNA damage response and AKT signaling in colorectal cancer cells. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Danshen Improves Survival of Patients with Colon Cancer and Dihydroisotanshinone I Inhibit the Proliferation of Colon Cancer Cells via Apoptosis and Skp2 Signaling Pathway

In vitro, investigators found that dihydroisotanshinone I (DT), a bioactive compound present in danshen, can inhibit the proliferation of colon carcinoma cells, HCT 116 cells and HT-29 cells. Moreover, DT induced apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. [J Ethnopharmacol] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Melatonin Increases the Effect of 5-Fluorouracil-Based Chemotherapy in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells In Vitro

Scientists evaluated whether melatonin is able to strengthen the anti-cancer potential of different chemotherapeutic drugs in human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT–29 cells. [Mol Cell Biochem] Abstract

Catalpol Suppressed Proliferation, Growth and Invasion of CT26 Colon Cancer by Inhibiting Inflammation and Tumor Angiogenesis

The authors investigated the effects of catalpol on the proliferation, growth, invasion, tumor angiogenesis and inflammation of CT26 colon cancer in vitro and in vivo. [Biomed Pharmacother] Abstract

INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCH

Knockdown of IRE1α Inhibits Colonic Tumorigenesis through Decreasing β-Catenin and IRE1α Targeting Suppresses Colon Cancer Cells

Researchers found that knockdown of inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endonuclease 1α (IRE1α) suppressed the proliferation of colon cancer cells in vitro and xenograft growth in vivo. Inhibition of expression of IRE1α decreased stemness of colon cancer stem cells and attenuated growth of intestinal organoids. [Oncogene] Abstract

Growth Differentiation Factor 11 Does Not Mitigate the Lethal Effects of Total-Abdominal Irradiation

Scientists investigated the efficacy of growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) as a potential mitigator of radiation-induced damage to intestinal stem cells. In ex vivo cultures of intestinal organoids, the number of cells expressing the stem cell marker Lgr5 was increased after irradiation and GDF11 supplementation. [Radiat Res] Abstract

Therapeutic Potential of Amino Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

The authors summarize and discuss what is currently known of the effects of amino acids on the reduction of inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell death in the gut when inflammatory bowel disease is present. [Nutrients] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Children’s National Part of Pediatric Cancer Research Collective Awarded Millions by NIH

Children’s National Health System is a member of a public-private research collective that was awarded up to $14.8 million from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to launch a data resource center for cancer researchers around the world in order to accelerate the discovery of novel treatments for childhood tumors. [Children’s National Health System] Press Release

CPRIT Awards $13M for Prevention, Research, Recruitment

Researchers in the NCI-designated Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center have received $13,107,956 from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) for six new grants focused on evidence-based cancer prevention services, the recruitment of an established investigator, individual investigator and early translational research and core facility support. [Baylor College of Medicine] Press Release

Biomedical Ph.D. Program at Major Research University Drops GRE Requirement for Admission

The University of Michigan’s biomedical sciences graduate program announced that it will no longer require GRE scores for its Ph.D. admissions. Following a review of the available evidence and a public discussion involving the program’s faculty, staff, and trainees, the exam’s ability to predict student performance seems “weak at best” while it significantly disadvantages women, minorities, and students from low socioeconomic backgrounds, writes Scott Barolo, director of the Program in Biomedical Sciences, in the announcement. [Science Careers] Editorial

Leaked Documents Expose Long-Standing Gender Tensions at Salk Institute

Senior female faculty at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies raise more than twice as much in National Institutes of Health funding for scientists working in their labs as their male counterparts, according to a 2016 internal report on “faculty issues” requested by leaders of the San Diego, California institution. Yet Salk leaders favored male scientists by granting them greater access to internal funds and other resources, the report implies, echoing gender discrimination lawsuits filed last month against the research center. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

A Bold Open-Access Push in Germany Could Change the Future of Academic Publishing

Over the past two years, more than 150 German libraries, universities, and research institutes have formed a united front trying to force academic publishers into a new way of doing business. Instead of buying subscriptions to specific journals, consortium members want to pay publishers an annual lump sum that covers publication costs of all papers whose first authors are at German institutions. Those papers would be freely available around the world; meanwhile, German institutions would receive access to all the publishers’ online content. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW EACR-MRS: Seed and Soil: In Vivo Models of Metastasis
November 27-29, 2017
Berlin, Germany

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Training Fellow – Systems and Precision Cancer (Institute of Cancer Research)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Intestinal Fibroblast Subsets (University of Oxford)

Postdoctoral Position – Epigenetic Dysregulation in Cancer Progression (University of Florida)

Research Associate – Colorectal Cancer (University College London)

Research Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Genetics, Epigenetics and Biomarkers (Baylor Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Gut Microbiota and Colon Cancer (University of Toronto)

Postdoctoral Position – Inflammation and Cancer (Brigham & Women’s Hospital – Harvard Medical School)

Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Organoids (Radboud University)

Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Epithelial Cell Biology (University of Gothenburg)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Genomics and Precision Medicine (Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Cancer Epidemiology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

Have we missed an important article or publication in Intestinal Cell News? Click here to submit!

Comments or suggestions? Submit your feedback here.