Intestinal Cell News 3.37 September 29, 2017 | |
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TOP STORYR-Spondin1/LGR5 Activates TGFβ Signaling and Suppresses Colon Cancer Metastasis Researchers showed that R-spondin 1/leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) directly activates TGFβ signaling cooperatively with TGFβ type II receptor in colon cancer cells, enhancing TGFβ-mediated growth inhibition and stress-induced apoptosis. Knockdown of LGR5 attenuated downstream TGFβ signaling and increased cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis in an orthotopic model of colon cancer in vivo. [Cancer Res] Abstract | Full Article | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASESThe authors examined the function of Jumonji domain-containing protein 2B (JMJD2B) in glucose-deprived colon cancer cells and the involvement of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and glucose transporter 1. They demonstrated that JMJD2B expression was upregulated via ERK phosphorylation during glucose deprivation. [Oncogene] Abstract Scientists characterized the functional and clinical relevance of TUSC3 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients’ tissues and cell lines. TUSC3 mRNA expression was silenced by promoter methylation in 85% of benign adenomas and 35% of CRCs. [Oncotarget] Full Article Investigators report that 7-(4′-cyanophenyl) indoline-1-benzenesulfonamide (B220), a synthetic benzenesulfonamide compound, could represent a new mitotic inhibitor for the treatment of colorectal cancer. They examined the action mechanism of B220 in the colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cell line, and found that treatment of cells with B220 caused cells to accumulate in G2/M phase, with a concomitant induction of the mitotic phase markers, MPM2 and cyclin B1. [Sci Rep] Full Article Researchers investigated the effects and mechanism of astragaloside II (AS II) on intestinal wound healing in both in vitro and in vivo models. Human intestinal Caco-2 cells were treated with multiple concentrations of AS II to assess cell proliferation, scratch wound closure, L-arginine uptake, cationic amino acid transporter activity, and activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. [Sci Rep] Full Article Podocalyxin-Like Protein 1 Regulates TAZ Signaling and Stemness Properties in Colon Cancer The authors revealed that the Hippo transducer, the transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), acts as a downstream mediator of podocalyxin-like protein 1 (PODXL) in colon cancer. Inhibition of PODXL resulted in the suppression of TAZ signaling and the downregulation of Hippo downstream genes. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article Dual Effects of Resveratrol on Cell Death and Proliferation of Colon Cancer Cells Investigators studied the impact of resveratrol over a 100-fold concentration range on cell death and proliferation of HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. After 96 hours of treatment, a biphasic pattern was observed. On HCT116 colon cancer cells, however, no proliferative properties of resveratrol were observed. [Nutr Cancer] Abstract INTESTINAL STEM CELL & ORGANOID RESEARCHUsing Drosophila as a model, scientists showed that a specific population of adult midgut organ boundary intestinal stem cells (OB-ISCs) is regulated by the neighboring hindgut, a developmentally distinct organ. Injury to the adult hybrid zone/hindgut drives up-regulation of unpaired–3 cytokine, which signals through signal transducer and activator of transcription protein to promote cell division only in OB-ISCs. [Development] Abstract Bioengineered Submucosal Organoids for In Vitro Modeling of Colorectal Cancer Investigators bioengineered submucosal organoids, using primary smooth muscle cells embedded in collagen I hydrogel, which produced aligned and parallel fiber topography similar to those found in vivo. The fiber organization in the submucosal organoids induced an epithelial phenotype in spheroids of colorectal carcinoma cells, which were embedded within the organoids. [Tissue Eng Part A] Abstract | |
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REVIEWSCell Plasticity in Epithelial Homeostasis and Tumorigenesis When aberrantly activated, plasticity contributes to tumor initiation and progression. Scientists review recent advances in this field with a focus on cell fate changes and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition—two distinct, yet closely related, forms of plasticity with fundamental roles in homeostasis and cancer. [Nat Cell Biol] Abstract 3D Intestinal Organoids in Metabolic Research: Virtual Reality in a Dish The advent of near physiological organoid technology has produced a steep change in our understanding of stem cells and has provided the research community with a powerful new cell based tool to model human physiology and disease. The authors review the pros and cons of intestinal organoid culture systems. [Curr Opin Pharmacol] Abstract The Potential for Gut Organoid Derived Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Replacement Therapy By reviewing methods of gut organoid generation, together with what is known of the molecular and functional characteristics of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), scientists highlight short- and long-term goals that need to be overcome in order to develop ICC-based therapies for gut motility disorders. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSTakeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Karolinska Institutet and The Structural Genomics Consortium (SGCC) announced a combined pre-competitive and proprietary collaboration to discover and validate new potential intervention points for the treatment of IBD. [Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited] Press Release UC Davis Receives $8 Million to Expand Access to Stem Cell Clinical Trials The California Institute for Regenerative Medicine awarded a nearly $8 million grant to University of California, Davis, stem cell researchers to launch a special clinical trials program in Sacramento to accelerate the therapeutic development and delivery of stem cell therapies in human patients. [University of California, Davis] Press Release Health Canada Approves Visbiome® Probiotic for Irritable Bowel Syndrome ExeGi Pharma, LLC. announced that Visbiome®, a high potency probiotic, has secured Health Canada approval as a Natural Health Product for the relief of IBS symptoms, including abdominal discomfort, gas, and bloating. [ExeGi Pharma, LLC. (Business Wire, Inc.)] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSResearchers Caught in Growing Rift over Catalan Independence Scientists in Catalonia are feeling the ripples of a severe crisis as the region’s bid for independence from Spain comes to a head. [ScienceInsider] Editorial French Government Proposes Big Science-Spending Boost French research funding is set for a heartening increase in the country’s first budget under President Emmanuel Macron, if draft 2018 plans are voted into law. [Nature News] Editorial How the Latest US Travel Ban Could Affect Science The latest version of US President Donald Trump’s travel ban could make it harder for researchers from several countries to enter the United States to attend scientific meetings, perform research or visit relatives. [Nature News] Editorial Canada Names New Chief Science Adviser Mona Nemer, a cardiology researcher and vice-president of research at the University of Ottawa, has been named Canada’s new Chief Science Adviser by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. [ScienceInsider] Editorial What Germany’s Election Results Mean for Science As Germany reels from an unexpected surge for the far right in the elections, researchers don’t expect much effect on the country’s generous support for science. But with smaller parties standing to gain political influence, battles over issues such as the regulation of gene-edited organisms and how to cut greenhouse-gas emissions could grow fiercer. [Nature News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW The 2018 World Stem Cell Summit (WSCS) Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Research Associate – Mechanical Cell Competition (University of Bristol) NEW Faculty Position – Molecular Oncology (Moffitt Cancer Center) Research Technologist – Intestinal Stem Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Postdoctoral Positions – Stem Cell and Cancer Biology (Johns Hopkins University) Scientist – Colorectal Cancer (Italian Cancer Research Association) Researcher/Faculty Member – Cancer Biology (University of Cincinnati) Postdoctoral Opportunities – Biology of Colorectal Cancer (Albert Einstein College of Medicine) Postdoctoral Fellow – Gastric Stem Cells (Harvard University) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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