Intestinal Cell News Volume 3.41 | Oct 27 2017

TOP STORY

Synthetic Hydrogels for Human Intestinal Organoid Generation and Colonic Wound Repair

Investigators developed a fully defined, synthetic hydrogel based on a four-armed, maleimide-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) macromer that supports robust and highly reproducible in vitro growth and expansion of human intestinal organoids, such that three-dimensional structures are never embedded in tumor-derived ECM. [Nat Cell Biol] Abstract | Press Release

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miR-6883 Family miRNAs Target CDK4/6 to Induce G1 Phase Cell Cycle Arrest in Colon Cancer Cells

Ectopic expression of miR-6883-5p or miR-149* downregulated CDK4 and CDK6 levels in human colorectal cancer cells. [Cancer Res] Abstract

USP7 Is a Tumor-Specific WNT Activator for APC-Mutated Colorectal Cancer by Mediating β-Catenin Deubiquitination

Researchers found that the β-catenin inhibitory domain (CID) in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) represents the threshold for pathological levels of Wnt activation and tumor transformation. Mechanistically, CID-deleted APC truncation promotes β-catenin deubiquitination through reverse binding of β-TrCP and USP7 to the destruction complex. [Cell Rep] Abstract | Graphical Abstract | Press Release

Identification of a Specific Peptide Binding to Colon Cancer Cells from a Phage-Displayed Peptide Library

A peptide termed as CBP-DWS, which was demonstrated to be capable of binding to a panel of human colon cancer cell lines and tissues, was identified; it had virtually no binding to normal human intestinal epithelial cell line NCM460 and normal surrounding colon tissues. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

Exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus plantarum NCU116 Induce c-Jun Dependent Fas/Fasl-Mediated Apoptosis via TLR2 in Mouse Intestinal Epithelial Cancer Cells

Researchers showed that exopolysaccharides from L. plantarum NCU116 inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells in a cell type manner, and repressed the growth and survival of CT26 through induction of apoptosis. [Sci Rep] Full Article

The Effects of Curcumin on HCT-116 Cells Proliferation and Apoptosis via the miR-491/PEG10 Pathway

The impaction of curcumin on miR-491, paternally expressed gene-10 (PEG10) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were analyzed in HCT-116 cells. The effects of PEG10 and curcumin on human HCT-116 cells proliferation and apoptosis were investigated by MTT and flow cytometry assay. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

Dimethyloxalylglycine Preserves the Intestinal Microvasculature and Protects against Intestinal Injury in a Neonatal Mouse NEC Model: Role of VEGF Signaling

Scientists hypothesized that prolyl hydroxylase inhibition, which stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, protects against necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) by promoting intestinal endothelial cell proliferation and improving intestinal microvascular integrity via vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. [Pediatr Res] Abstract

The Effect of Fluoride on the Structure, Function, and Proteome of Intestinal Epithelia

Researchers examined the effects of fluoride on the transepithelial ion transport and resistance of three intestinal epithelia. They used the Caco-2 cell line as a model of human intestinal epithelium, and rat and mouse colonic epithelia for purposes of comparison. [Environ Toxicol] Abstract

Propofol Does Not Reduce Pyroptosis of Enterocytes and Intestinal Epithelial Injury after Lipopolysaccharide Challenge

The authors determined the occurrence of enterocyte pyroptosis mediated by P2X7R and explored the effects of propofol on pyroptosis and intestinal epithelial injury after lipopolysaccharide challenge. [Dig Dis Sci] Abstract

Next Generation Organoids for Biomedical Research and Applications

Scientists present an overview of organoid technology development in several systems that employ cell materials derived from fetal and adult tissues and pluripotent stem cell cultures. They focus on key studies that exploit the self-organizing property of embryonic progenitors and the role of designer matrices and cell-free scaffolds in assisting organoid formation. [Biotechnol Adv] Abstract

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Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Joins the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy

The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy announced that researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have joined its network. Dana-Farber is a leader in cancer research and brings a team of experts who will collaborate with Parker Institute investigators to enhance and expand research projects and clinical trials. [Dana-Farber Cancer Institute] Press Release

Enterome’s EB8018, a First-in-Class Drug Candidate Targeting Crohn’s Disease, Successfully Completes Phase I Study in Healthy Volunteers

Enterome SA announced the successful completion of the first Phase I clinical study with its lead candidate EB8018, a small molecule designed to block FimH, as a potential new orally-administered treatment for Crohn’s disease. [Enterome SA] Press Release

US March for Science Group Faces Growing Pains

The US group that sparked the global March for Science movement is facing complaints about its management practices as it files for non-profit status and signals its intent to continue as “a movement to advance science and its role in public life”. [Nature News] Editorial

Key Legislator Tells Trump Officials to Back Off on Proposed Overhead Spending Cap for NIH

An influential legislator wants President Donald Trump’s administration and fellow Republicans to drop the notion of capping overhead costs on grants funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). [ScienceInsider] Editorial

China Announces Plans to Fast-Track Drug Approval

China is overhauling its drug-approval system to let companies bring their treatments to market quicker and more easily. The Communist Party of China and the State Council, two of the country’s most authoritative bodies, announced plans to reduce the backlog of medicines awaiting approval by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA). Policies will also be introduced to boost the productivity of Chinese drugmakers and spur innovation in health care. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW EMBO-EMBL Symposia: Organoids: Modeling Organ Development and Disease in 3D Culture
September 10-13, 2018
Heidelberg, Germany

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NEW Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Inflammation Biology (University of Oxford)

Research Technologist – Intestinal Stem Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Position – Autophagy and Intestinal Inflammation (University of New Mexico)

Postdoctoral Research Assistant – Intestinal Immune Responses to Infection (University of Dundee)

Faculty Positions – Cancer Research (Huntsman Cancer Institute)

Research Associate – Mechanical Cell Competition (University of Bristol)

Faculty Position – Molecular Oncology (Moffitt Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Positions – Stem Cell and Cancer Biology (Johns Hopkins University)

Researcher/Faculty Member – Cancer Biology (University of Cincinnati)

Postdoctoral Opportunities – Biology of Colorectal Cancer (Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Gastric Stem Cells (Harvard University)

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