Intestinal Cell News 4.08 March 2, 2018 | |
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TOP STORYUsing Drosophila genetic tools, investigators showed that enteric infection results in “pro-catabolic” signaling that initiates metabolic reprogramming of enterocytes toward lipid catabolism, which ultimately governs DUOX homeostasis. [Cell Host Microbe] Abstract | Graphical Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)ADAM17 Is Required for EGF-R–Induced Intestinal Tumors via IL-6 Trans-Signaling Tumor formation was equally impaired in IL-6−/− mice and sgp130Fc transgenic mice, in which only trans-signaling via soluble IL-6R is abrogated. ADAM17 was needed for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R)–mediated induction of IL-6 synthesis, which via IL-6 trans-signaling induced β-catenin–dependent tumorigenesis. [J Exp Med] Abstract To dissect epithelial-autonomous morphogenic signaling circuits, scientists developed an enteroid monolayer culture system that recapitulates four key properties of the intestinal epithelium, namely the ability to maintain proliferative and differentiated zones, self-renew, polarize, and generate major intestinal cell types. [Dev Cell] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Combining human transcriptomic data with the mouse multiomics data implicated increased p21-activated kinase (Pak) signaling as a driver of colitis. Chemical inhibition of Pak1 and Pak2 with FRAX597 suppressed active colitis in mice. [Sci Signal] Abstract Scientists developed a systems biology approach for predicting response of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to chemotherapy and TL32711 combinations in vitro and in vivo. CRC cells responded poorly to TL32711 monotherapy in vitro; however, co-treatment with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin enhanced TL32711-induced apoptosis. [Cell Death Differ] Abstract Targeting PRPK Function Blocks Colon Cancer Metastasis Knocking down phosphorylated-p53 related protein kinas (PRPK) expression attenuated colorectal liver and lung metastasis of colon cancer cells in vivo. An in vitro kinase assay indicated that active PRPK does not phosphorylate p53 directly. [Mol Cancer Ther] Abstract Researchers aimed to define the miRNA profile of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors and to search for novel molecular subgroups and prognostic biomarkers. miRNA profiling was conducted on 42 tumors from 37 patients who underwent surgery for small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors. [Mod Pathol] Abstract The authors showed that individual AMPK subunit expression and requirement for survival varies across colon cancer cell lines. While AMPKα1 expression was relatively consistent across colon cancer cell lines, AMPKα1 depletion did not induce cell death. [Sci Rep] Full Article Scientists investigated the changes of genome wide gene expression in reprogrammed human colon normal epithelial CRL-1831 and colon carcinoma DLD1 cell lines grown under more physiologically relevant 3D cell culture microenvironment compared to 2D monolayer. [BMC Cancer] Full Article | |
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REVIEWSOrgans-on-a-Chip: A Fast Track for Engineered Human Tissues in Drug Development The authors review the design considerations for single and multi-organ organs-on-a-chip (OOCs), discuss remaining challenges, and highlight the potential impact of OOCs as a fast-track opportunity for tissue engineering to advance drug development and precision medicine. [Cell Stem Cell] Abstract The Intestinal Complement System in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Shaping Intestinal Barrier Function How intestinal epithelial cells, intestinal bacteria and epithelial cell expressed complement components interact in the course of inflammatory bowel disease still remains to be mostly elucidated to define potential unique patterns contributing to the distinct subtypes of intestinal inflammation observed in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. [Semin Immunol] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSBavarian Nordic A/S announced a new collaboration that will investigate CV301, the company’s targeted immunotherapy candidate, and durvalumab, AstraZeneca’s PD-L1 inhibitor, in combination with maintenance chemotherapy for patients with metastatic colorectal or pancreatic cancers. [Bavarian Nordic A/S] Press Release MabVax Therapeutics Holdings, Inc. announced positive interim results from the initial cohort of the Phase I clinical trial evaluating the company’s new human antibody-based radioimmunotherapy product MVT-1075 for the treatment of pancreatic, colon and lung cancer. [MabVax Therapeutics Holdings, Inc.] Press Release | |
Dr. Jason Spence shares his insights on the derivation of organoids from hPSCs. Listen Now | |
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POLICY NEWSEU Research Chief’s Next Act: Changing the Future of Academic Publishing Robert-Jan Smits, one of Europe’s most powerful figures in research, has been appointed as a special envoy on open science at the European Commission, to help push efforts to make all publicly funded research in Europe freely available by 2020. [Science|Business] Editorial Canadian Science Wins Billions in New Budget Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s administration released its 2018 budget and scientists couldn’t be happier. It includes almost CAD 4 billion (USD 3.1 billion) in new funding for science over the next five years, a significant portion of which will go to the country’s three granting councils. [Nature News] Editorial Merkel Makes a Surprise Pick for German Research Minister German Chancellor Angela Merkel isn’t known for her political surprises. But she managed a big one when she tapped Anja Karliczek, a 46-year-old lawmaker little known outside of party circles, as Germany’s next minister for education and research. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Stem Cells in Disease Modeling and Drug Discovery (SCDMDD) 2018 Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Director Position – Immune Intestinal Homeostasis (Institute for Basic Science) NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Mucosal Immunology (Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research) Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Intestinal Biology (Quadram Institute Bioscience) Postdoctoral Fellow – Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Marshall University) Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology (Johns Hopkins University) Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology (University of Arkansas for Medical Science) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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