Intestinal Cell News Volume 4.15 | Apr 27 2018

TOP STORY

Aldolase B-Mediated Fructose Metabolism Drives Metabolic Reprogramming of Colon Cancer Liver Metastasis

The authors showed that colorectal cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming after they metastasize and colonize the liver, a key metabolic organ. In particular, via GATA6, metastatic cells in the liver upregulate the enzyme aldolase B, which enhances fructose metabolism and provides fuel for major pathways of central carbon metabolism during tumor cell proliferation. [Cell Metab] Abstract | Press Release | Graphical Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Characterization of the Enhancer and Promoter Landscape of Inflammatory Bowel Disease from Human Colon Biopsies

Scientists profiled transcription start sites and enhancers in the descending colon of 94 inflammatory bowel disease patients and controls. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Obesity Exacerbates Colitis-Associated Cancer via IL-6-Regulated Macrophage Polarization and CCL-20/CCR-6-Mediated Lymphocyte Recruitment

Investigators showed that diet-induced obesity accelerates chemically-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer in mice via increased inflammation and immune cell recruitment. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Morphogenesis and Compartmentalization of the Intestinal Crypt

Scientists combined transcriptomic, quantitative morphometric, and genetic analyses to identify mechanisms of crypt development. They uncovered the upregulation of a contractility gene network at the earliest stage of crypt formation, which drives myosin II-dependent apical constriction and invagination of the crypt progenitor cells. [Dev Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

The Secretion of miR-200s by a PKCζ/ADAR2 Signaling Axis Promotes Liver Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer

Investigators identified ADAR2 as a direct substrate of PKCζ in colorectal cancer cells. Phosphorylation of ADAR2 regulated its editing activity, which was required to maintain miR-200 steady-state levels, suggesting that the PKCζ/ADAR2 axis regulates miR-200 secretion through RNA editing. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Repression of Let-7a Cluster Prevents Adhesion of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Enforcing a Mesenchymal Phenotype in Presence of Liver Inflammation

Researchers used BALB/c animal models of inflammatory liver diseases to confirm that liver inflammation inhibits colorectal cancer liver metastasis, and then elucidated the molecular mechanisms governing that process. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

JIB-04, a Small Molecule Histone Demethylase Inhibitor, Selectively Targets Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells by Inhibiting the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Scientists showed that JIB-04, a pan-selective inhibitor of histone demethylases, was identified as a small molecule that selectively target colorectal cancer stem cells (CSCs). JIB-04 significantly attenuated CSC tumorsphere formation, growth/relapse, invasion, and migration in vitro. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Organ-Specific Metastases Obtained by Culturing Colorectal Cancer Cells on Tissue-Specific Decellularized Scaffolds

The authors showed that decellularized scaffolds that retain tissue-specific extracellular-matrix components and bound signaling molecules enable, when seeded with colorectal cancer cells, the spontaneous formation of 3D cell colonies that histologically, molecularly and phenotypically resemble in vivo metastases. [Nat Biomed Eng] Abstract

Potential Role of Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase in Myricetin-Induced Selective Apoptosis in Colon Cancer HCT-15 Cells

Researchers suggested that myricetin induces apoptosis in human colon cancer HCT-15 cells selectively by increasing the expression of nucleoside diphosphate kinase and other caspase-regulated apoptosis proteins. [Food Chem Toxicol] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

The Effect of CD26‐Deficiency on Dipeptidyl Peptidase 8 and 9 Expression Profiles in a Mouse Model of Crohn’s Disease

Crohn’s disease induction generated gene, protein and enzymatic changes of dipeptidyl peptidase (DP)8 and DP9 so their involvement in inflammation development and/or healing process was implicated, especially in CD26^−/−. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

Long Non-Coding RNAs: Crucial Regulators of Gastrointestinal Cancer Cell Proliferation

The authors summarize the different molecular mechanisms and relevant signaling pathways through which multifarious long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate cell proliferation and show that lncRNAs are potential biomarkers for gastrointestinal cancers. [Cell Death Discov] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

STEMCELL Technologies Announces $45 Million Government Funding for Advanced Manufacturing Facility

STEMCELL Technologies announced a $45 million joint funding agreement between the Governments of Canada and British Columbia to help the company build a state-of-the-art advanced manufacturing facility. [STEMCELL Technologies Inc.] Press Release

FDA Grants Fast Track Designation for OrphoMed’s ORP-101 for Treatment of IBS-D​

OrphoMed, Inc. announced that the FDA has granted Fast Track designation for the company’s lead candidate ORP-101 for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D). [OrphoMed, Inc.] Press Release

Get an overview of intestinal organoids and their applications. Learn More

Chinese Physician Released after 3 Months in Jail for Criticizing a Traditional Medicine

Tan Qindong had been held at the Liangcheng county detention centre since January, when police said a post Tan had made on social media damaged the reputation of the traditional medicine and the company that makes it. [Nature News] Editorial

Famed Cancer Biologist Allegedly Sexually Harassed Women for Decades

Inder Verma, the prominent geneticist and cancer scientist who has made his mark on U.S. research for decades, has sexually harassed women for just as long, according to allegations from eight women. [American Association for the Advancement of Science] Editorial

Columbia University Graduate Students Go on Strike

Administration officials contend that research and teaching assistants are students, not workers, and want to take the matter to federal court. [The Scientist] Editorial

U.K. Commits to EU Trial Rules Post-Brexit as CRUK Hails ‘Fantastic News’

The U.K. government said it will endeavor to keep pace with the European Union’s impending changes in clinical trial procedures, bringing some solace to those wondering how the two will stay aligned after Brexit starts in earnest next March. [Questex LLC.] Editorial

NEW Gordon Research Conferences: Tissue Niches and Resident Stem Cells in Adult Epithelia
August 19-24, 2018
Waterville Valley, New Hampshire, United States

NEW 10^th International Heinrich F. C. Behr-Symposium on Stem Cells and Cancer
September 16-19, 2018
Heidelberg, Germany

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW PhD Student – Endocrine Cells in the Gut (Helmholtz Zentrum München)

NEW Postdoctoral Studies – Autoimmune Diseases (Karolinska Institutet)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Colorectal Cancer (Medical University of South Carolina)

Postdoctoral Position – Regulation of Immunity in Intestinal Cancer (University of Gothenburg)

Postdoctoral Training Fellow – Intestinal Research (The Francis Crick Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Digestive Health (University of California, Irvine)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Intestinal Cancer (University of Gothenburg)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Colon Cancer (Health Sciences North Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Lysosomes in Neonatal Enterocytes and Their Pathologies (Northwestern University)

Director Position – Immune Intestinal Homeostasis (Institute for Basic Science)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

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