Intestinal Cell News Volume 4.19 | May 25 2018

TOP STORY

Spatial Mutation Patterns as Markers of Early Colorectal Tumor Cell Mobility

Investigators hypothesized that early tree reconstruction can provide insights into the mobility phenotypes of tumor cells during their first few cell divisions. They explored this hypothesis by means of a computational multiscale model of tumor expansion incorporating the glandular structure of colorectal tumors. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Upregulation of the Long Noncoding RNA FOXD2-AS1 Promotes Carcinogenesis by Epigenetically Silencing EphB3 through EZH2 and LSD1, and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Gastric Cancer

Loss of FOXD2-AS1 function inhibited cell growth via inhibiting the cell cycle in gastric cancer, whereas upregulation of FOXD2-AS1 expression promoted cancer progression. [Oncogene] Abstract

Mouse Intestinal Krt15⁺ Crypt Cells Are Radio-Resistant and Tumor Initiating

The authors demonstrated that Krt15 labels long-lived and multipotent cells in the small intestinal crypt by lineage tracing. Krt15⁺ crypt cells displayed self-renewal potential in vivo and in 3D organoid cultures. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article

Dasatinib Reduces 5-Fu-Triggered Apoptosis in Colon Carcinoma by Directly Modulating Src-Dependent Caspase-9 Phosphorylation

Researchers explored whether dasatinib disturbed 5-Fu-triggered apoptosis in colon carcinoma. Dasatinib dramatically decreased 5-Fu triggered apoptosis in colon carcinoma via suppression of Src activation. [Cell Death Discov] Full Article

FAM188B Enhances Cell Survival via Interaction with USP7

Investigators explored the functions of FAM188B by a knockdown strategy, using siRNAs specific for FAM188B in colon cancer cell lines. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

YAP-Dependent Ubiquitination and Degradation of β-Catenin Mediates Inhibition of Wnt Signaling Induced by Physalin F in Colorectal Cancer

Scientists identified that physalin F (PF), a steroid derivative isolated from Physalis angulate, acts as an antagonist of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. PF inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling and accelerated the degradation of β-catenin in colorectal cancer cells. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Centrosome Linker-Induced Tetraploid Segregation Errors Link Rhabdoid Phenotypes and Lethal Colorectal Cancers

Investigators demonstrated that human microsatellite instable and BRAF mutant colorectal cancers with a lethal rhabdoid phenotype are characterized by inactivation of centrosomal functions. [Mol Cancer Res] Abstract

A Central Role for Heme Oxygenase-1 in the Control of Intestinal Epithelial Chemokine Expression

Scientists examined the influence of modulating heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression on the inflammatory response of human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Engineered deficiency of HO-1 in Caco-2 and T84 IECs led to increased proinflammatory chemokine expression in response to pathogenic bacteria and inflammatory cytokine stimulation. [J Innate Immun] Abstract

The Anti-Cancer Activity of an Andrographolide Analogue Functions through a GSK-3β-Independent Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Colorectal Cancer Cells

The authors investigated the anti-cancer effects and molecular mechanisms of 19-O-triphenylmethyl andrographolide (RS-PP-050), an andrographolide analogue and determined its activity in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. RS-PP-050 was found to potently inhibit the proliferation and survival of HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

IEC-Specific IGF1 Promotes the Expansion of Intestinal Stem Cells during Epithelial Regeneration and Functions on the Intestinal Immune Homeostasis

Researchers demonstrated that intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-specific insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) can enhance nutrient uptake, reduce protein catabolism and energy consumption, and promotes the proliferation and expansion of intestinal epithelial cells, including intestinal stem cells and intestinal secretory cells. [Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab] Abstract

Andrographolide Exhibits Anticancer Potential against Human Colon Cancer Cells by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Programmed Cell Death via Augmentation of Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species Level

Scientists investigated the chemopreventive potential of andrographolide in colon cancer HT-29 cells. Andrographolide decreased cell viability of HT-29 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. [Nutr Cancer] Abstract

Intestinal Organoids for Modeling Intestinal Development and Disease

Investigators review current in vitro models of intestinal development and disease, considering where improvements could be made and potential future applications in the fields of developmental modeling, drug/toxicity testing and therapeutic uses. [Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

DNA-Based Vaccine Treatment for Colorectal Cancer to Undergo First Human Study

Researchers will test a two-pronged approach to treat advanced stage colorectal cancer (CRC), potentially increasing life expectancy. Combining a DNA vaccine, which boosts the body’s immune response against tumors, with an antibody that blocks the body’s natural defense against the potency of the DNA vaccine, may lead to the development of an effective treatment for late stage CRC. [Press release from University of Melbourne (EurekAlert!) discussing research to be presented at the Digestive Disease Week^®, Washington, DC] Press Release

Get an overview of intestinal organoids and their applications. Learn More

Calgary Researchers Discover a Novel Approach to Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) Using Hydrogen Sulfide Technology

Antibe Therapeutics Inc. announced that a team of researchers at the University of Calgary has identified a key mechanism underlying the ability of certain intestinal bacteria to contribute to the ulceration and inflammation that is characteristic of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. [Antibe Therapeutics Inc.] Press Release

Investigators Dose First Patient in Phase I Study of Treos Bio’s PolyPEPI^™ Precision Cancer Vaccine for Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Treos Bio Limited announced that investigators dosed the first patient in its Phase I trial of PolyPEPI^™ 1018, the company’s investigational precision cancer vaccine for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. [Treos Bio Limited] Press Release

Italy’s New Prime Minister Defended Discredited Stem Cell Therapy

The electoral victory of two populist parties in March had Italian scientists worried that a new era of antiscientific policies might be around the corner—and appointment of Giuseppe Conte as the country’s new prime minister is making some even more nervous. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Scientist Who Received Millions from NIH Leaves Alabama Posts

A professor who received about $5 million in grants from the National Institutes of Health left his posts at the University of Alabama, Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center last year after an investigation found evidence of image manipulation in 20 of his papers, Retraction Watch has learned. [The Scientist] Editorial

Plans for £100M Nobel Centre Blocked by Swedish Court

A Swedish court has blocked the construction of a major new Nobel Centre in Stockholm intended as the future venue for the world’s most prestigious arts and science awards. [The Guardian] Editorial

PM Will Pay to Have ‘Full Association’ with EU Research

The Prime Minister made the strongest commitment yet to “fully associate” the UK with the EU’s £68bn research program post-Brexit. Theresa May said the UK would be willing to make “an appropriate contribution” and in return it would expect a “suitable level of influence”. [BBC News] Editorial

NEW 6^th Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium
September 19-21, 2018
Cambridge, United Kingdom

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Associate/Full Reseacher – Cancer Biology (University of Hawaii Cancer Center)

Research Technologist – Stem Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Position – Human Mucosal Immunology/Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Weill Cornell Medicine)

Postdoctoral Positions – Colon Stem Cells and Carcinogenesis (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Inflammatory Bowel Disease (European Molecular Biology Laboratory)

Postdoctoral Position – Technology-Driven Research in Biomedicine (CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine)

Academic Position – Cancer Research (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center)

Tenure-Track Faculty Position – Cancer Research (University of Ottawa)

PhD Student – Endocrine Cells in the Gut (Helmholtz Zentrum München)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Colorectal Cancer (Medical University of South Carolina)

Postdoctoral Position – Digestive Health (University of California, Irvine)

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