Intestinal Cell News Volume 4.20 | Jun 1 2018

TOP STORY

A Common Antimicrobial Additive Increases Colonic Inflammation and Colitis-Associated Colon Tumorigenesis in Mice

Scientists report that brief exposure to triclosan, at relatively low doses, causes low-grade colonic inflammation, increases colitis, and exacerbates colitis-associated colon cancer in mice. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Mesenchymal MAPKAPK2/HSP27 Drives Intestinal Carcinogenesis

Researchers showed that both genetic and chemical inhibition of MAPKAPK2 led to decreased epithelial cell proliferation, associated with reduced tumor growth and invasive potential in the Apc^min/+ mouse model. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Curcumin Suppresses Oncogenicity of Human Colon Cancer Cells by Covalently Modifying the Cysteine 67 Residue of SIRT1

The authors found that curcumin reduced the expression of SIRT1 protein without influencing its mRNA expression in human colon cancer cells, suggesting posttranslational regulation of SIRT1 by this phytochemical. [Cancer Lett] Abstract

FSTL1 Interacts with VIM and Promotes Colorectal Cancer Metastasis via Activating the Focal Adhesion Signaling Pathway

Scientists showed that follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) expression was significantly up-regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues compared with the paired normal tissues. Enhanced expression of FSTL1 distinctly increased cell migration and invasion in vitro, as well as promoting liver metastasis of CRC in vivo. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

STX2 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Metastasis through a Positive Feedback Loop That Activates the NF-κB Pathway

Researchers found that syntaxin2 (STX2) expression was associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) invasion and metastasis and poor patient survival. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses demonstrated that STX2 functioned as a key oncogene by promoting CRC invasion and metastasis. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Basal Interferon Signaling and Therapeutic Use of Interferons in Controlling Rotavirus Infection in Human Intestinal Cells and Organoids

Exogenous interferon (IFN) treatment demonstrated that rotavirus replication was able to be inhibited by all types of IFNs, both in human intestinal Caco2 cell line and in primary intestinal organoids. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Mature Enteroendocrine Cells Contributes to Basal and Pathological Stem Cell Dynamics in the Small Intestine

Lineage tracing studies identified a subset of enteroendocrine cells (EECs) that reside at +4 position for more than two weeks, most of which were BrdU-label-retaining cells. Under basal conditions, cells derived from these EECs grew from the bottom of the crypt to generate intestinal epithelium according to neutral drift kinetics that was consistent with dedifferentiation of mature EECs to intestinal stem cells. [Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol] Abstract

Escin-Induced DNA Damage Promotes Escin-Induced Apoptosis in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells via p62 Regulation of the ATM/γH2AX Pathway

The authors investigated whether and how escin-induced DNA damage contributed to escin-induced apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells. Escin dose-dependently inhibited the cell viability and colony formation in HCT116 and HCT8 cells. [Acta Pharmacol Sin] Abstract

Let-7d Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation through the CST1/p65 Pathway

Investigators assessed whether let-7d inhibits colorectal carcinogenesis through the CST1/p65 pathway, and determined whether it may be used as a potential target for clinical therapy. [Int J Oncol] Abstract

miR-218 Promotes Apoptosis of SW1417 Human Colon Cancer Cells by Targeting C-Flip

In cultured SW1417 human colon cancer cells, miR-218 overexpression potently inhibited cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis. [Oncol Rep] Abstract

Mitochondrial Function — Gatekeeper of Intestinal Epithelial Cell Homeostasis

The authors highlight mitochondrial function and mitochondrial unfolded protein response signaling in epithelial cell stemness, differentiation and lineage commitment and illustrate mitochondrial function in intestinal diseases. [Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol] Abstract

Targeting LGR5 in Colorectal Cancer: Therapeutic Gold or Too Plastic?

Scientists recap the various oncogenic and tumor suppressive roles that have been described for the LGR5 molecule in colorectal cancer (CRC). They highlight recent studies indicating the plasticity or redundancy of LGR5⁺ cells in intestinal cancer progression and assess the overall merit of therapeutically targeting LGR5 in CRC. [Br J Cancer] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Enterome to Feature Promising Phase I Clinical Data with its Lead Candidate EB8018 for Crohn’s Disease

Enterome SA announced that it will present promising Phase I clinical data with its lead candidate EB8018 for Crohn’s disease [Press release from Enterome SA (PR Newswire Association LLC.) discussing research to be presented at at the Digestive Disease Week 2018, Washington, DC] Press Release

Meet Dr. Caroline Lindemans and explore her work using organoids to study intestinal repair. Read the Full Profile

CellMax Life Launches Zenith, a U.S. Clinical Study for the Advancement of Blood Tests for Early Cancer Detection, with the Goal of Seeking FDA Approval

CellMax Life announced it is commencing Zenith, a U.S. clinical study for its circulating tumor cell blood test, which can transform the way colorectal cancer is detected, enabling diagnosis at its earliest, most treatable stages. [CellMax Life] Press Release

Exelixis Announces Further Expansion to Clinical Research Protocol for Phase Ib COSMIC-021 Trial of Cabozantinib in Combination with Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors

Exelixis, Inc. announced an amendment to the protocol for COSMIC-021, the Phase Ib trial of cabozantinib in combination with atezolizumab in patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors to add ten new expansion cohorts to the trial. [Exelixis, Inc.] Press Release

‘Right-to-Try’ Law Intended to Weaken the FDA, Measure’s Sponsor Says in Blunt Remarks

Sen. Ron Johnson, the author of the federal “right-to-try” law signed by President Trump this week, wants to make one thing clear: His new law is meant to weaken the FDA. “This law intends to diminish the FDA’s power over people’s lives, not increase it,” he wrote in a letter to Commissioner Scott Gottlieb. [STAT News] Editorial

China to Crack Down on Fraud in Scandal-Hit Scientific Research amid ZTE Wrangle

China has issued the first national guidelines to enforce academic integrity in scientific research and vowed to punish academics and institutes for misconduct such as plagiarism and fabrication of data. [South China Morning Post Publishers Ltd] Editorial

Sweden Commits to Open Science with New Open-Access Publishing Deal

Swedish researchers can now publish their articles in Frontiers’ Open Access journals through a simplified process that covers publishing fees, thanks to a national agreement announced between Frontiers and the National Library of Sweden, on behalf of the organizations participating in the Bibsam Consortium. [EurekAlert] Editorial

NEW AACR: Intestinal Stem Cells and Colon Cancer: Biology to Therapy
September 27-30, 2018
Washington, D.C., United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Biology and Metastasis (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Research Technologist – Stem Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Associate/Full Reseacher – Cancer Biology (University of Hawaii Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Human Mucosal Immunology/Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Weill Cornell Medicine)

Postdoctoral Positions – Colon Stem Cells and Carcinogenesis (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Inflammatory Bowel Disease (European Molecular Biology Laboratory)

Postdoctoral Position – Technology-Driven Research in Biomedicine (CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine)

Academic Position – Cancer Research (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center)

PhD Student – Endocrine Cells in the Gut (Helmholtz Zentrum München)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Colorectal Cancer (Medical University of South Carolina)

Postdoctoral Position – Digestive Health (University of California, Irvine)

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