Intestinal Cell News Volume 4.35 | Sep 14 2018

TOP STORY

NLRP1 Restricts Butyrate Producing Commensals to Exacerbate Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Researchers showed that the inflammasome sensor Nlrp1 aggravates dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental mouse colitis by limiting beneficial, butyrate-producing Clostridiales in the gut. [Nat Commun] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Elevated A20 Promotes TNF-Induced and RIPK1-Dependent Intestinal Epithelial Cell Death

A20 in intestinal epithelium from patients with inflammatory bowel disease coincided with the presence of cleaved caspase-3, and A20 transgenic mice, in which A20 is expressed from an intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-specific promoter, were highly susceptible to TNF-induced IEC death, intestinal damage, and shock. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Interleukin-22 Promotes Phagolysosomal Fusion to Induce Protection against Salmonella enterica Typhimurium in Human Epithelial Cells

The authors showed that interleukin-22 primed intestinal organoids derived from healthy human induced pluripotent stem cells to restrict Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SL1344 infection. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Full Article

Stem Cell Intrinsic Hexosamine Metabolism Regulates Intestinal Adaptation to Nutrient Content

By utilizing the Drosophila midgut model, the authors reveal a novel stem cell intrinsic mechanism coupling cellular metabolism with stem cell extrinsic growth signal. Their results showed that intestinal stem cells employ the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway to monitor nutritional status. [Dev Cell] Full Article | Press Release | Graphical Abstract

KIAA1199 Promotes Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Cells via Microtubule Destabilization Regulated by a PP2A/Stathmin Pathway

Investigators demonstrated that silencing of KIAA1199 results in reduced tumor metastasis in the orthotopic transplantation tumor model of colorectal cancer. [Oncogene] Abstract

Loss of Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 2 Exacerbates Inflammation-Associated Colon Tumorigenesis

Scientists present evidence that solute carrier family 7 member 2 (SLC7A2) plays a role in modulating colon tumorigenesis in the azoxymethane-dextran sulfate sodium model of colitis-associated carcinogenesis. SLC7A2 was localized predominantly to colonic epithelial cells in wild-type mice. [Oncogene] Abstract

LncRNA GCAWKR Promotes Gastric Cancer Development by Scaffolding the Chromatin Modification Factors WDR5 and KAT2A

Levels of the GCAWKR were upregulated in gastric cancer (GC) tissues compared with normal tissues and associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and patient outcomes. GCAWKR affected cell proliferation and cell invasion in multiple GC models. [Mol Ther] Abstract

Antisense Oligonucleotides against miR-21 Inhibit the Growth and Metastasis of Colorectal Carcinoma via DUSP8 Pathway

Investigators found that antisense oligonucleotides could effectively inhibit the growth and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma in vivo, accompanied by downregulated expression of miR-21 and reduced transduction of AKT and ERK pathway. [Mol Ther Nucleic Acids] Abstract | Full Article

Analysis of Interleukin 8 Secretion by a Stem-Cell-Derived Human Intestinal Epithelial Monolayer Platform

Researchers describe an intestinal monolayer cultured on a porous membrane with accessible basal and apical surfaces for assay of intestinal cytokine production in response to stimuli. [Anal Chem] Abstract

Serotonin 3 Receptor Signaling Regulates 5-Fluorouracil-Mediated Apoptosis Indirectly via TNF-α Production by Enhancing Serotonin Release from Enterochromaffin Cells

Data from 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) 3 receptor (5-HT_3AR)/enhanced green fluorescent protein reporter mice revealed that 50% of enterochromaffin cells expressed 5-HT_3AR, but the number of apoptotic cells induced by 5-fluorouracil in the intestinal crypt organoids of HTR3A^−/− mice was not altered compared with wild-type mice. [FASEB J] Abstract

Octreotide Alleviates Autophagy by Up-Regulation of MicroRNA-101 in Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line Caco-2

Scientists explored the functional role of octreotide in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced autophagy of human intestinal epithelial cells as well as the underlying mechanisms. LPS reduced cell viability and increased autophagy through activating AMPK and inhibiting the mTOR pathway in Caco-2 cells. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article

A Combination of Curcumin and Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins Offer Superior Anti-Tumorigenic Properties in Colorectal Cancer

By a series of in vitro assays in colorectal cancer cell lines, researchers showed that the anti-tumorigenic properties of the oligomeric proanthocyanidins-curcumin combination were superior to the effects of individual compounds. [Sci Rep] Full Article

COX-2-PGE₂ Signaling Impairs Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration and Associates with TNF Inhibitor Responsiveness in Ulcerative Colitis

COX-2 expression was analyzed in human intestinal biopsies and patient-derived monocytes, and the downstream consequences of COX-2 activity was evaluated by assessing the influence of the down-stream effector, PGE₂, on intestinal epithelial stem cell self-renewal and differentiation using primary human intestinal organoids. [EBioMedicine] Full Article

Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Pulmonary Cell News & ESC & iPSC News.

Tales from the Crypt: Intestinal Niche Signals in Tissue Renewal, Plasticity and Cancer

The authors review recent developments in the understanding of intestinal stem cell dynamics, focusing on the roles, mechanisms and interconnectivity of prime signaling pathways that regulate stem cell behaviour in intestinal homeostasis. [Open Biol] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Ardelyx Submits New Drug Application for U.S. Marketing Authorization of Tenapanor for IBS-C to U.S. Food and Drug Administration

Ardelyx, Inc. announced the submission of its New Drug Application to the FDA requesting U.S. marketing authorization of tenapanor for the treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). [Ardelyx, Inc.] Press Release

Case Western Reserve’s Dr. Lan Zhou Receives $2M to Study Colorectal Cancer Development

Lan Zhou, MD, PhD, associate professor of pathology at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, has received a five-year, $2 million grant from the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health to study human colorectal cancer. [EurekAlert!] Press Release

Alkermes Initiates Clinical Evaluation of Novel Immuno-Oncology Drug Candidate ALKS 4230 in Combination with PD-1 Inhibitor Pembrolizumab

Alkermes plc announced that it has expanded its ongoing Phase I study for ALKS 4230, the company’s immuno-oncology drug candidate, to evaluate its safety and anti-tumor activity when administered in combination with the FDA-approved PD-1 inhibitor KEYTRUDA^® in patients with advanced solid tumors. [Alkermes plc] Press Release

Dr. Tamara Zietek discusses the use of intestinal organoids as a model system for nutrient transport. Listen Now

NIH Gets $2 Billion Boost in Final 2019 Spending Bill

Congress has approved a $2 billion raise, to $39.1 billion, for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in a 2019 spending bill approved by House of Representatives and Senate negotiators. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Patients vs. Paywalls: Is the U.S. Ready for Open-Access Publishing?

Scientific publishing giant Elsevier recently came under fire after its director of scholarly communications, William Gunn, wrote a controversial tweet in response to a post that “people shouldn’t have to jump through hoops” to access important medical research. [STAT News] Editorial

Ten Years after the Economic Crash, R&D Funding Is Better Than Ever

The funding by businesses dipped after the crash, offset in some regions by rises in government funding. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 8^th InterAmerican Oncology Conference
October 17-18, 2019
Buenos Aires, Argentina

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Group Leader – Organoid Modeling of Disease (European Molecular Biology Laboratory)

Postdoctoral Position – Colon Cancer Research (Vanderbilt University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Gastrointestinal Disorder Research (Quadram Institute Bioscience)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Irritable Bowel Syndrome (University of Bergen)

Senior Scientific Officer – Colorectal Cancer (Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute)

PhD Student – Colorectal Cancer (German Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Intestinal Research (Penn State College of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Host-Microbiome Interactions in the Gastrointestinal Tract (University of Gothenburg)

Postdoctoral Associate – Functional Genomics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Center for Computational and Integrative Biology)

Assistant/Associate Research Professor – Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Cedars-Sinai Inflammatory Bowel & Immunobiology Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Paneth Cells (Erasmus MC Cancer Institute)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

Have we missed an important article or publication in Intestinal Cell News? Click here to submit!

Comments or suggestions? Submit your feedback here.